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Anesth Analg 2005;101:592-596
© 2005 International Anesthesia Research Society
doi: 10.1213/01.ANE.0000159165.90094.40

GENERAL ARTICLES

Predictive Factors of Early Postoperative Urinary Retention in the Postanesthesia Care Unit

Hawa Keita, MD, PhD, Elisabeth Diouf, MD, Florence Tubach, MD, Tammo Brouwer, MD, Souhayl Dahmani, MD, Jean Mantz, MD, PhD, and Jean-Marie Desmonts, MD

Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Hospital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, France

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Hawa Keita, MD, PhD, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Hospital Bichat, 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75018 Paris France. Address e-mail to hawakeita{at}club-internet.fr.

Urinary retention is a common postoperative complication associated with bladder overdistension and the risk of permanent detrusor damage. The goal of this study was to determine predictive factors of early postoperative urinary retention in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU). We prospectively collected, in 313 adult patients, variables including age, gender, previous history of urinary tract symptoms, type of surgery and anesthesia, intraoperative administration of anticholinergics, amount of intraoperative fluids, IV morphine titration, and bladder volume on entry to the PACU. For each patient, bladder volume was measured by ultrasound on entry and before discharge from the PACU. Urinary retention was defined as a bladder volume larger than 600 mL with an inability to void within 30 min. Predictive factors were identified by multivariate analysis. The incidence of urinary retention in the PACU was 16%. In the multivariate analysis only the amount of intraoperative fluids (≥750 mL; P = 0.02; odds ratio = 2.3), age (≥50 yr; P = 0.008; odds ratio = 2.4), and bladder volume on entry to PACU (≥270 mL; P = 0.0001; odds ratio = 4.8) were found to independently increase the risk of urinary retention. Considering the clinical impact of undiagnosed postoperative urinary retention, these results suggest systematic evaluation of bladder volume with a portable ultrasound device in the PACU, especially in patients with risk factors.




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Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins Anesthesia & Analgesia® is published for the International Anesthesia Research Society® by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins with the assistance of Stanford University Libraries' HighWire Press®. Copyright 2006 by the International Anesthesia Research Society. Online ISSN: 1526-7598   Print ISSN: 0003-2999 HighWire Press
Copyright © 2005 by the International Anesthesia Research Society.