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PAIN MEDICINE

Antinociception of Intrathecal Adenosine Receptor Subtype Agonists in Rat Formalin Test

Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chonnam National University, Medical School, Gwangju, Korea

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Myung Ha Yoon, MD, Professor in Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chonnam National University, Medical School, 8 Hakdong, Dongku, Gwangju 501–757, Korea. Address e-mail to mhyoon{at}chonnam.ac.kr.

Adenosine has shown antinociceptive action via spinal adenosine receptors. There are four types of adenosine receptors: A₁, A_2A, A_2B, and A₃. We characterized the nature of types of adenosine receptors for the control of nociception at the spinal level. For nociception, formalin solution (5%, 50 µL) was injected into the hindpaw of male Sprague-Dawley rats. The effects of intrathecal adenosine A₁ (CPA), A_2A (DPMA), and A₃ (IB-MECA) receptor agonists were examined. CPA and IB-MECA produced limited or no effect on the early phase response of the formalin test, respectively, but the two drugs depressed the late phase response. DPMA suppressed both phase responses. CPA was the most potent drug among the three in the late phase. These results suggest that spinal adenosine A₁ and A_2A receptors may be involved in the modulation of the early and the late phase responses of the formalin test, whereas adenosine A₃ receptor may be involved in the regulation of the late phase response.

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