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CRITICAL CARE AND TRAUMA

Slight Increase of Serum S-100B During Porcine Endotoxemic Shock May Indicate Blood-Brain Barrier Damage

Anders Larsson, MD, PhD^*, Miklós Lipcsey, MD, Jan Sjölin, MD, PhD^*, Lars-Olof Hansson, MD, PhD^*, and Mats B. Eriksson, MD, PhD

Departments of *Medical Sciences and Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University Hospital, Sweden

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Anders Larsson, MD, PhD, Department of Medical Sciences, University Hospital S-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden. Address e-mail to anders.larsson{at}akademiska.se.

Septic shock is a condition that affects many organs, but little is known about the effects on the central nervous system. S-100B, an acidic low molecular weight protein, has attracted considerable interest as a marker for brain damage and disintegration of the blood-brain barrier. It is released into the cerebrospinal fluid and blood from brain tissue after brain damage. We studied S-100B in a porcine model of endotoxemic shock that resembles human Gram-negative septic shock. Ten piglets received IV endotoxin, and plasma samples were collected before the endotoxin infusion and each hour (1–6 h) during the endotoxin infusion. S-100B was measured by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Low levels of plasma S-100B were detected, but there was a significant increase in S-100B during Hours 1–5 in comparison with the 0 values. We determined that endotoxemia causes a very small but significant increase in the levels of the widely used brain damage marker serum S-100B. However, it cannot be excluded that the increase in S-100B could be caused by release from organs other than the brain.

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