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Anesth Analg 2005;101:S44-S61
© 2005 International Anesthesia Research Society
doi: 10.1213/01.ANE.0000177102.11682.20

REVIEW ARTICLES

Patient-Controlled Analgesia

Jeffrey A. Grass, MD, MMM

Department of Anesthesiology, Western Pennsylvania Hospital and Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Jeffrey A. Grass, MD, Chairman, Department of Anesthesiology, Western Pennsylvania Hospital, 4800 Friendship Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15224. Address electronic mail to jgrass{at}wpahs.org.

One of the most common methods for providing postoperative analgesia is via patient-controlled analgesia (PCA). Although the typical approach is to administer opioids via a programmable infusion pump, other drugs and other modes of administration are available. This article reviews the history and practice of many aspects of PCA and provides extensive guidelines for the practice of PCA-administered opioids. In addition, potential adverse effects and recommendations for their monitoring and treatment are reviewed.




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Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins Anesthesia & Analgesia® is published for the International Anesthesia Research Society® by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins with the assistance of Stanford University Libraries' HighWire Press®. Copyright 2006 by the International Anesthesia Research Society. Online ISSN: 1526-7598   Print ISSN: 0003-2999 HighWire Press
Copyright © 2005 by the International Anesthesia Research Society.