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CARDIOVASCULAR ANESTHESIA

Measurement of Patients' Bivalirudin Plasma Levels by a Thrombelastograph® Ecarin Clotting Time Assay: A Comparison to a Standard Activated Clotting Time

Departments of Anesthesiology and Medicine, University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, Knoxville, Tennessee; Haemoscope Corporation, Niles, Illinois

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Roger C. Carroll, PhD, University of Tennessee Graduate School of Medicine, 1924 Alcoa Highway, Knoxville, TN 37920. Address e-mail to RCarrol1{at}utk.edu.

Standard activated clotting time (ACT) tests have a poor correlation to bivalirudin levels, leading to uncertainty regarding adequate anticoagulation in percutaneous coronary intervention patients. We tested a Thrombelastograph® (TEG®) ecarin clotting time (ECT) assay for sensitivity to bivalirudin using blood from 80 patients undergoing interventional cardiology procedures with bivalirudin anticoagulation. This was compared to a standard Hemochron ACT assay using diatomaceous earth. With the TEG® assay, the direct thrombin activator, ecarin, was used to initiate coagulation and measured as the reaction time. Plasma samples were evaluated for bivalirudin by a chromogenic assay at an independent hematological laboratory. Linear regression of the standard ACT versus bivalirudin level gave an r² = 0.306 whereas the TEG® ECT gave a much higher r² = 0.746 (both P < 0.0001). The TEG® ECT should prove more useful than the standard ACT for monitoring bivalirudin anticoagulation across the clinically therapeutic range.

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