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NEUROSURGICAL ANESTHESIOLOGY

Gender and the Injured Brain

From the Department of Anesthesiology and Peri-Operative Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon.

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Patricia D. Hurn, PhD, Department of Anesthesiology and Peri-Operative Medicine, OHSU, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road UHS-2, 97239, Portland, OR. Address e-mail to hurnp{at}ohsu.edu.

Abstract

Anesthesiologists are frequently confronted with patients who are at risk for neurological complications due to perioperative stroke or prior traumatic brain injury. In this review, we address the growing and fascinating body of data that suggests gender and sex steroids influence the pathophysiology of injury and outcome for these patients. Cerebral ischemia, traumatic brain injury, and epilepsy are reviewed in the context of potential sex differences in mechanisms and outcomes of brain injury and the role of estrogen, progesterone, and androgens in shaping these processes. Lastly, implications for current and future perioperative and intensive care are identified.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				K. Gelb and A. W. Gelb Sex and Gender in the Perioperative Period: Wake Up to Reality Anesth. Analg., July 1, 2008; 107(1): 1 - 3. [Full Text] [PDF]