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N₂O Volumes Absorbed and Excreted During N₂O Anesthesia in Children

ERNEST SALANITRE, MD^*, and HERBERT RACKOW, MD

*Professor of Clinical Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University; Anesthesiology Service, Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York 10032. Professor of Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University; Anesthesiology Service, Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York 10032.

Abstract

Exhaled volumes were measured in 8 children during uptake and elimination of 3 percent and 75 percent N₂O using a volume-controlled ventilator. Absorption of 75 percent N₂O during induction reduced the exhaled minute volume, which fell a mean of 16 percent in the 1st or 2nd minute and returned to normal by 15 to 20 minutes. Elimination was the mirror image of uptake; the mean increase in the exhaled minute volume was 13 percent. The concentration effect during uptake was measured (3 percent versus 75 percent N₂O) and the data were used to calculate a fall in alveolar volume of at least 8 percent by the 2nd minute of uptake. The type of ventilation (volume-limited, pressure-limited, or spontaneous) was seen to have a modifying role on the respiratory pattern caused by the absorbed and excreted volume of N₂O.

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