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Anesth Analg 1980; 59:406-409
© 1980 International Anesthesia Research Society
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Ketamine Suppression of Chemically Induced Convulsions in the Two-Day-Old White Leghorn Cockerel

Barry S. Reder, DDS*, Larry D. Trapp, DDS, MS{dagger}, and Kenneth C. Troutman, DDS, MPH{ddagger}

*Resident in Pediatric Dentistry, Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center. {dagger}Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology, Schools of Dentistry and Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center. {ddagger}Associate Professor of Pediatric Dentistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center. The Departments of Anesthesiology and Dentistry, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1000 W Carson St, Torrance, California 90509. Accepted for publication February 12, 1980.

Abstract

Ketamine has been evaluated for convulsant properties in animals and humans with contradictory results. The present investigation evaluated the convulsant properties of ketamine in a previously unreported animal model. Two-day-old chicks were selected as test animals because they have incomplete blood-brain barriers and thus greater penetrance of xenobiotics affecting the central nervous system. Control and experimental animals were given a central nervous system stimulant, pentylenetetrazol (Metrazol) at a dosage level (100 mg/kg) causing convulsions in 90% of animals. The effect of ketamine pretreatment was then observed for the: (1) number of animals convulsing; (2) time of onset of convulsions; and (3) mortality. Ketamine (100 mg/kg) significantly decreased the number of animals that convulsed and decreased mortality; 10 mg/kg of ketamine significantly prolonged the time of onset of convulsions. This study does not support the conclusion that ketamine is a convulsant. Ketamine has significant anticonvulsant properties in the young chick model.

Key Words: ANESTHETICS, Intravenous: ketamine • ANTICONVULSANTS: ketamine • BRAIN: convulsions.
Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins Anesthesia & Analgesia® is published for the International Anesthesia Research Society® by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and Stanford University Libraries' HighWire Press®. Copyright 1980 by the International Anesthesia Research Society. Online ISSN: 1526-7598   Print ISSN: 0003-2999 HighWire Press
Copyright © 1980 by the International Anesthesia Research Society.