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Is Theophylline, Aminophylline, or Caffeine (Methylxanthines) Contraindicated in Malignant Hyperthermia Susceptible Patients

Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas.

Abstract

Based on animal data, aminophylline (theophylline ethylene diamine) and caffeine have been said to be contraindicated in patients susceptible to malignant hyperthermia (MH) (1,2). Aminophylline and the ophylline are frequently indicated for bronchospastic disease and caffeine is found in many beverages. Intravenous preparations of aminophylline contain 75–85% theophylline by weight (3). We diagnosed four MH susceptible patients by caffeine-halothane con-tracture response. Additional skeletal muscle fascicles from these patients were exposed in vitro to theophylline with and without the presence of 1% halothane. Results allow for recommendations concerning administration or consumption of these methylxanthines for known MH susceptible patients.

Anesthesia & Analgesia® is published for the International Anesthesia Research Society® by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins with the assistance of Stanford University Libraries' HighWire Press®. Copyright 2006 by the International Anesthesia Research Society. Online ISSN: 1526-7598   Print ISSN: 0003-2999