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Cardiovascular Effects of Inhalation Induction with Isoflurane in Infants

Department of Anesthesiology, The Children's Hospital, 1056 E. 19th Avenue, Denver, CO 80218.

Abstract

We evaluated hemodynamic changes during inhalation induction of isoflurane anesthesia in 60 healthy infants aged 5–26 weeks who were randomly divided into two groups of 30 patients each. In group 1 anesthesia was induced using isoflurane in concentrations that were increased to 3.5%. In group 2, 0.02 mg/kg of atropine was given intramuscularly before induction of anesthesia, as in group 1. In both groups, N₂O (3 L/min) and O₂ (2 L/min) were administered using a nonrebreathing system. Heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) were recorded at 1-min intervals for 20 min. HR decreased 32% in group 1 and 20% in group 2; BP decreased 40% in group 1 and 38% in group 2. During isoflurane induction in infants, both HR and BP are depressed. Premedication with atropine minimizes the depression of HR, but does not affect the change in BP.

Key Words: ANESTHESIA • pediatrie • ANESTHETICS • Volatile • isoflurane

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Anesthesia & Analgesia® is published for the International Anesthesia Research Society® by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins with the assistance of Stanford University Libraries' HighWire Press®. Copyright 2006 by the International Anesthesia Research Society. Online ISSN: 1526-7598   Print ISSN: 0003-2999