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Anesth Analg 1984; 63:973-979
© 1984 International Anesthesia Research Society
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Maternal, Fetal, and Neonatal Effects of Lidocaine with and without Epinephrine for Epidural Anesthesia in Obstetrics

Therese K. Abboud, MD, Saul David, MD, Shakuntala Nagappala, MD, Joseph Costandi, MD, Thormason Yanagi, MD, Sarkis Haroutunian, MD, and Sze-Ua Yeh, MD

Departments of Anesthesiology and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Los Angeles County-University of Southern California Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.

Abstract

The effects of epidural lidocaine with and without 1:300,000 epinephrine on uterine activity, progress of labor, fetal heart rate, maternal blood pressure and heart rate, newborn Apgar scores, neonatal acid-base status, and the Neurologic and Adaptive Capacity Scoring System were compared in 30 parturients during labor and delivery. Patients in group I (n = 16) received 1.5% lidocaine with 1:300,000 epinephrine and those in group II (n = 14) 1.5% lidocaine alone. Addition of epinephrine to lidocaine did not have any significant effects on uterine activity, duration of first or second stages of labor, fetal heart rate variability, or the incidence of abnormal fetal heart rate patterns. Maternal heart rate and the incidence of hypotensive episodes did not differ significantly between the two groups of patients. Apgar scores, neonatal acid-base status, and the NACS were equally good in the two groups. Duration of analgesia was significantly longer in group I as compared to group II patients (106.9 ± 6.6 vs 66.2 ± 4.4 min, P < 0.001). Umbilical venous concentrations of lidocaine and umbilical vein to maternal vein ratios of lidocaine were significantly higher in group II patients (P < 0.05). It is concluded that addition of epinephrine to lidocaine during epidural anesthesia in the normal parturient has no adverse effects on mother, fetus, neonate, or the progress of labor and it significantly prolongs the duration of anesthesia and limits the placental transfer of lidocaine.

Key Words: ANESTHESIA—obstetrics • ANESTHETIC TECHNIQUES—epidural • ANESTHESIA, LOCAL—lidocaine




This article has been cited by other articles:


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 Canadian J. AnesthesiaHome page
M. C. Vallejo and S. Ramanathan
Plasma lidocaine concentrations are higher in twin compared to singleton newborns following epidural anesthesia for Cesarean delivery: [Les concentrations plasmatiques de lidocaine sont plus elevees chez les nouveau-nes jumeaux, compares au nouveau-ne unique, a la suite d'une anesthesie epidurale pour cesarienne]
Can J Anesth, August 1, 2002; 49(7): 701 - 705.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins Anesthesia & Analgesia® is published for the International Anesthesia Research Society® by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins with the assistance of Stanford University Libraries' HighWire Press®. Copyright 2006 by the International Anesthesia Research Society. Online ISSN: 1526-7598   Print ISSN: 0003-2999 HighWire Press
Copyright © 1984 by the International Anesthesia Research Society.