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Anesth Analg 1990; 70:369-374
© 1990 International Anesthesia Research Society
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Progressive Changes in Electroencephalographic Responses to Nitrous Oxide in Humans

A Possible Acute Drug Tolerance

Michail N. Avramov, MD, Koh Shingu, MD, and Kenjiro Mori, MD, FCAnaes

Department of Anesthesia, Kyoto University Hospital, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.

Abstract

The possibility of acute tolerance to nitrous oxide was examined during halothane anesthesia in humans. Nitrous oxide was added to the inspired gas twice. The first admixture induced three successive stages of electroencephalogram (EEC): {delta}-waves lasting for 13 ± 12 min, {theta}-waves lasting for 41±21 min, and, finally, spindle-type waves. The spindle-type EEG was similar to that of halothane anesthesia in configuration, but smaller in amplitude and faster in frequency than that seen during halothane anesthesia. The second admixture, given after a 20--30-min interval, induced a continuous {delta}-wave EEG in one patient, {delta}-waves followed by spindle EEG in eight patients, and spindle-type EEG in four patients. The successive changes of electroencephalographic response during the first admixture indicate that an alteration of central nervous system function occurred. The altered state was maintained in the absence of nitrous oxide: responses to a second admixture were characteristic of the later, altered, stages of responses seen after the first admixture. These findings support the view of acute tolerance to nitrous oxide.

Key Words: ANESTHETICS, GASES—nitrous oxide. • TOLERANCE, NITROUS OXIDE. • BRAIN, ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY—nitrous oxide.




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[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins Anesthesia & Analgesia® is published for the International Anesthesia Research Society® by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and Stanford University Libraries' HighWire Press®. Copyright 1990 by the International Anesthesia Research Society. Online ISSN: 1526-7598   Print ISSN: 0003-2999 HighWire Press
Copyright © 1990 by the International Anesthesia Research Society.