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Anesth Analg 1999;88:204-208
© 1999 International Anesthesia Research Society

GENERAL ARTICLES

Naloxone Inhibits Gastric Emptying in the Rat

Takashi Asai, MD, PhD*,*, and Ian Power, BSc(Hons), MD, FRCA{dagger}

*Department of Anesthesiology, Kansai Medical University, Moriguchi City, Osaka, Japan; *Department of Anaesthetics and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom; and {dagger}Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Management, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Takashi Asai, Department of Anesthesiology, Kansai Medical University, 10–15 Fumizono-cho, Moriguchi City, Osaka, 570-8507, Japan. Address e-mail to asait{at}takii.kmu.ac.jp

Naloxone is generally considered to be a pure antagonist, but it may produce several behavioral effects, such as hyperalgesia or stimulation of respiration. We studied the effect of naloxone on gastric emptying and gastrointestinal transit in rats. Six to eight Wistar rats (200–250 g) were used for each experiment. Either saline or naloxone (0.01–10 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally at 0 min. At 30 min, radiolabeled saline or milk 1 mL was infused into the stomach. At 60 min, gastric emptying and gastrointestinal transit were calculated by measuring the radioactivity in the gastrointestinal tract. Naloxone significantly inhibited gastric emptying of saline (P = 0.002) and of milk (P < 0.05), but not the gastrointestinal transit of either (P > 0.05). Gastric emptying of saline showed a significant peak (P < 0.05) in the dose-response curve at 0.7 mg/kg. Therefore, naloxone significantly inhibits gastric emptying of saline and milk, but not the gastrointestinal transit of either.

Implications: Although naloxone is generally considered to be a pure opioid receptor antagonist, it delays gastric emptying of saline or milk, as does morphine in the rat. However, it is uncertain from our results whether naloxone inhibited gastric emptying by antagonizing the effects of endogenous opioids.




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Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins Anesthesia & Analgesia® is published for the International Anesthesia Research Society® by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins with the assistance of Stanford University Libraries' HighWire Press®. Copyright 2006 by the International Anesthesia Research Society. Online ISSN: 1526-7598   Print ISSN: 0003-2999 HighWire Press
Copyright © 1999 by the International Anesthesia Research Society.