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NEUROSURGICAL ANESTHESIA

Cerebral Blood Volume and Blood Flow at Varying Arterial Carbon Dioxide Tension Levels in Rabbits During Propofol Anesthesia

Aleksa Cenic, MSc^*, Rosemary A. Craen, MB, BS, Vicky L. Howard-Lech, MSc^*, Ting-Yim Lee, PhD^*, and Adrian W. Gelb, MB, ChB

*Department of Radiology and Lawson Research Institute, St. Joseph’s Health Centre, Imaging Research Laboratories, Robart’s Research Institute and Department of Medical Biophysics, The University of Western Ontario; and Department of Anesthesia, London Health Sciences Centre and The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada

Address correspondence and reprint requests to R. A. Craen, MD, Department of Anesthesia, University Campus, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Canada N6A 5A5. Address e-mail to rcraen{at}julian.uwo.ca

There are little data on the effects of propofol on cerebral blood volume (CBV). We studied the effects of changes in PaCO₂ on CBV and cerebral blood flow (CBF) during propofol anesthesia in eight New Zealand white rabbits. We also investigated the effects of propofol over time on CBV and CBF during normocapnia (control group). At normocapnia, the mean (± SD) CBV and CBF values were 2.41 ± 0.68 mL/100 g and 56 ± 28 mL/100 g/min, respectively,. When PaCO₂ was reduced from 41 to 27 mm Hg, no significant change in either CBV or CBF was observed (P > 0.10). However, increasing PaCO₂ from 41 to 58 mm Hg resulted in a 30% increase in CBV (3.08 ± 0.86 mL/100 g, P < 0.05) and a 91% increase in CBF (97 ± 39 mL/100 g/min, P < 0.01). In the control group, there were no significant changes in CBV and CBF (P > 0.10) during 2 h of propofol anesthesia. These results indicate that, during propofol anesthesia, cerebrovascular reactivity of blood flow and blood volume is maintained during hypercapnia but is markedly diminished during hypocapnia.

Implications: During propofol anesthesia in rabbits with normal brains, a reduction in the arterial carbon dioxide level may not always be accompanied by a reduction in brain blood flow and blood volume.

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