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CARDIOVASCULAR ANESTHESIA

Optison (FS069) Disrupts the Blood-Brain Barrier in Rats

George Mychaskiw, II, DO^*, Ahmed E. Badr, MD, Robert Tibbs, MD, Ben R. Clower, PhD, and John H. Zhang, MD, PhD

Departments of *Anesthesiology, Neurosurgery, and Anatomy, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi

Address correspondence and reprint requests to George Mychaskiw, II, DO, Department of Cardiac Anesthesiology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State St., Jackson, MS 39216-4505. Address e-mail to gmychaskiw{at}anesthesia.umsmed.edu

Optison is a new echocardiographic contrast agent, designed for IV injection, that is very useful in delineating cardiac structures during ultrasound examination. Because Optison could be a valuable adjunct in the diagnosis and evaluation of congenital heart disease, this study was undertaken to assess its effects on the blood-brain barrier when introduced directly in the cerebral circulation, as might occur with some congenital lesions. In this study, Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized, and Optison, at various dosages, was injected into the carotid artery. After this, Evans blue dye, a marker for blood-brain barrier disruption, was injected at different time intervals. Gross and histologic examination of the animals’ brains revealed disruption of the blood-brain barrier that appeared to be Optison-dosage-dependent. Although the mechanism for this disruption is unclear, it may be related to the use of octofluoropropane gas used in the Optison as a contrast medium. Further studies are necessary to determine the pathologic consequences of Optison’s effects on the blood-brain barrier.

Implications: Optison appears to disrupt the blood-brain barrier when introduced directly into the cerebral arterial circulation. This may be related to the octafluoropropane gas used in Optison as a contrast medium. Optison should be used with caution when the possibility of a right-to-left shunt exists.

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Anesthesia & Analgesia® is published for the International Anesthesia Research Society® by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins with the assistance of Stanford University Libraries' HighWire Press®. Copyright 2006 by the International Anesthesia Research Society. Online ISSN: 1526-7598   Print ISSN: 0003-2999