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GENERAL ARTICLES

Dose-Response Characteristics of Midazolam for Reducing Diaphragmatic Contractility

Department of Anesthesiology, University of Tsukuba Institute of Clinical Medicine, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki, Japan

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Yoshitaka Fujii, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Tsukuba Institute of Clinical Medicine, 2-1-1, Amakubo, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki 305-8576, Japan. Address e-mail to yfujii{at}igaku.md.tsukuba.ac.jp

A sedative dose of midazolam decreases contractility of the diaphragm, but no data are available concerning the relationship between dose and diaphragmatic contractility. We studied the dose-response characteristics of midazolam for reducing the diaphragmatic contractility in dogs. Animals were divided into three groups of eight each: Group 1 received no study drug, Group 2 was infused with a sedative dose of midazolam (0.1 mg/kg initial dose plus 0.1 mg · kg^-1 · h^-1 maintenance dose), and Group 3 was infused with an anesthetic dose of midazolam (0.1 mg/kg initial dose plus 0.5 mg · kg^-1 · h^-1 maintenance dose). We assessed the diaphragmatic contractility by transdiaphragmatic pressure (Pdi). With an infusion of midazolam in Groups 2 and 3, Pdi at low-frequency (20 Hz) and high-frequency (100 Hz) stimulation decreased from the baseline values (P < 0.05), and the integrated electrical activity of diaphragm (Edi) at 100-Hz stimulation decreased from the baseline values, whereas Edi at 20-Hz stimulation did not change. Compared with Group 1, Pdi and Edi for each stimulus decreased during midazolam infusion in Groups 2 and 3 (P < 0.05). The decrease in Pdi and Edi was more in Group 3 than in Group 2 (P < 0.05). We conclude that midazolam decreases, in a dose-dependent manner, contractility of the diaphragm in dogs.

Implications: Midazolam is used as a sedative and anesthetic. It reduces, in a dose-dependent manner, the diaphragmatic contractility in dogs.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				Y. Fujii, A. Uemura, and H. Toyooka Midazolam-Induced Muscle Dysfunction and Its Recovery in Fatigued Diaphragm in Dogs Anesth. Analg., September 1, 2003; 97(3): 755 - 758. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Nishina, K. Mikawa, S.-i. Kodama, T. Kagawa, T. Uesugi, and H. Obara The Effects of Enflurane, Isoflurane, and Intravenous Anesthetics on Rat Diaphragmatic Function and Fatigability Anesth. Analg., June 1, 2003; 96(6): 1674 - 1678. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y. Fujii, A. Uemura, and H. Toyooka Flumazenil Recovers Diaphragm Muscle Dysfunction Caused by Midazolam in Dogs Anesth. Analg., October 1, 2002; 95(4): 944 - 947. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Anesthesia & Analgesia® is published for the International Anesthesia Research Society® by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins with the assistance of Stanford University Libraries' HighWire Press®. Copyright 2006 by the International Anesthesia Research Society. Online ISSN: 1526-7598   Print ISSN: 0003-2999