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TECHNOLOGY, COMPUTING, AND SIMULATION

A Comparison of the INVOS 4100 and the NIRO 300 Near-Infrared Spectrophotometers

Kenji Yoshitani, MD^*, Masahiko Kawaguchi, MD^*, Kazuyuki Tatsumi, MD, Katsuyasu Kitaguchi, MD^*, and Hitoshi Furuya, MD^*

*Department of Anesthesiology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan; and Department of Anesthesia, Seikeikai Hospital, Osaka, Japan

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Kenji Yoshitani, MD, Department of Anesthesiology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan. Address e-mail to nkenji{at}mva.biglobe.ne.jp

We determined whether two different devices for measuring near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)—the INVOS 4100 and the NIRO 300—produce similar cerebral oxygenation data during the CO₂ challenge test. Nineteen patients anesthetized with sevoflurane, 67% nitrous oxide in oxygen, and fentanyl were studied. A series of measurements of regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO₂), measured by the INVOS 4100, and tissue oxygen index (TOI), measured by the NIRO 300, were performed in the following conditions: 1) normocapnia (PaCO₂, 35–45 mm Hg); 2) hypocapnia (PaCO₂, 25–35 mm Hg); 3) normocapnia; and 4) hypercapnia (PaCO₂, 45–55 mm Hg). Hemodynamic variables, including arterial blood gases and cerebral blood flow velocity, were measured at the same time with transcranial Doppler. The values and percentage changes of rSO₂ and TOI were compared by using regression analysis and Bland and Altman analysis. The rSO₂ showed a significant positive correlation with TOI (r = 0.58, P < 0.01). The percentage change of rSO₂ also showed a significant positive correlation with the percentage change of TOI during the CO₂ challenge (r = 0.85, P < 0.01). Bland and Altman analysis revealed a bias of -0.5% with 2 SD of 15.6% when comparing the rSO₂ value with the TOI value, and it showed a bias of -3.4% with 2 SD of 15.2% when comparing the percentage change of rSO₂ with the percentage change of TOI, indicating unacceptable disagreement of these data. These results indicate that cerebral oxygen saturation and its relative change during the CO₂ challenge may vary depending on the type of NIRS used. Because the measurement technique and algorithm were different in each device, we should carefully consider the clinical application of the values produced by NIRS.

IMPLICATIONS: Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has been proposed as a noninvasive clinical method for assessing cerebral oxygenation. The acceptable reliability and validity of NIRS values have not been established despite their widespread use. The INVOS 4100 and the NIRO 300 can display cerebral oxygen saturation as regional cerebral oxygen saturation and tissue oxygenation index, but they produce differing results.

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