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GENERAL ARTICLES

Fentanyl Attenuates the Hemodynamic Response to Endotracheal Intubation More Than the Response to Laryngoscopy

Yushi U. Adachi, MD^*, Maiko Satomoto, MD, Hideyuki Higuchi, MD, PhD, and Kazuhiko Watanabe, MD, PhD

*Medical Clinic of Kumagaya Base; Medical Corps of 1st Wings, Japan Air Self Defense Force; and Departments of Anesthesia, Self Defense Force Hanshin Hospital and National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Yushi Adachi, Department of Anesthesiology, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa City, Saitama, Japan 359-8513. Address e-mail to grd1117{at}gr.ndmc.ac.jp

We examined the effectiveness of avoiding laryngoscopy in reducing the hemodynamic responses to orotracheal intubation during the induction of anesthesia. One hundred surgical patients who required orotracheal intubation were randomly allocated into four groups. The first and third groups underwent fiberoptic intubation, in which an anesthesiologist inserted the endotracheal tube into the trachea under TV monitoring through a bronchoscope, and the second and fourth groups underwent conventional orotracheal intubation using a rigid laryngoscope. The third and fourth groups were pretreated with 2 µg/kg fentanyl IV immediately before the induction of anesthesia. Blood pressure and heart rate were measured noninvasively. A significant reduction in hemodynamic response was seen in only the group treated with fentanyl and intubated using the fiberoptic technique. Without fentanyl, there was no significant difference in hemodynamic changes between the groups. We conclude that the administration of fentanyl suppresses the hemodynamic responses to endotracheal intubation more than it does to laryngoscopy. There was no significant difference in the hemodynamic responses to orotracheal intubation by fiberscopy and laryngoscopy without fentanyl pretreatment, whereas 2 µg/kg fentanyl significantly reduced the hemodynamic responses in the group intubated by fiberscopy.

IMPLICATIONS: We assessed the effectiveness of avoiding laryngoscopy for orotracheal intubation. There was no significant difference in the hemodynamic responses to orotracheal intubation by fiberscopy and laryngoscopy without fentanyl pretreatment, whereas 2 µg/kg fentanyl significantly reduced the hemodynamic responses in the group intubated by fiberscopy. Pretreatment of fentanyl and fiberoptic intubation might be recommended for avoiding hyperdynamic responses.

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				F. S. Xue, C. W. Li, K. P. Liu, H. T. Sun, G. H. Zhang, Y. C. Xu, and Y. Liu Circulatory Responses to Fiberoptic Intubation in Anesthetized Children: A Comparison of Oral and Nasal Routes Anesth. Analg., February 1, 2007; 104(2): 283 - 288. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Fentanyl Attenuates Hemodynamic Responses During Intubation Journal Watch Emergency Medicine, August 28, 2002; 2002(828): 2 - 2. [Full Text]