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CARDIOVASCULAR ANESTHESIA

Changes in Cerebral Microcirculation During and After Abdominal Aortic Cross-Clamping in Rabbits: The Role of Thromboxane A₂ Receptor

Masayoshi Uchida, MD^*, Hiroki Iida, MD^*, Mami Iida, MD, and Shuji Dohi, MD^*

Departments of *Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine and Internal Medicine, Gifu University School of Medicine, Gifu City, Japan

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Hiroki Iida, MD, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Gifu University School of Medicine, 40 Tsukasamachi, Gifu City, Gifu 5008705, Japan. Address e-mail to iida{at}cc.gifu-u.ac.jp

Little is known about any changes in cerebral hemodynamics, during and after abdominal aortic cross-clamping and unclamping, especially in the cerebral microcirculation. We studied the effects of abdominal aortic cross-clamping and unclamping on cerebral pial vessel diameter in the presence or absence of the thromboxane (Tx)A₂ receptor antagonist using a closed cranial window in 27 rabbits. Although infrarenal aortic cross-clamping did not affect pial vessel diameter, release of a 20-min aortic cross-clamp caused pial arterioles to dilate and then constrict. A significant constriction persisted for at least 60 min (maximum, -17% for large [75 µm] and -28% for small arterioles [<75 µm] compared with baseline). Topical administration of a TxA₂ receptor antagonist, seratrodast, at 10^-7 M and 10^-6 M, significantly attenuated the constriction of large and small arterioles (at 60 min, -9% and -13% constriction for 10^-7 M, and -6% and -7% for 10^-6 M). Release of a 20-min aortic cross-clamp induced a sustained pial arteriolar constriction. Because this unclamping-induced vasoconstriction was attenuated by topical administration of seratrodast, it was likely partially mediated via the washout of TxA₂ produced in the ischemic region during the clamp and after cross-clamp release.

IMPLICATIONS: Abdominal aortic unclamping after a 20-min clamp caused an initial dilation followed by a sustained constriction of pial arterioles. Seratrodast, a thromboxane A₂ receptor antagonist, attenuated the vasoconstriction suggesting that it is at least partly mediated by thromboxane A₂ washed out from the region rendered ischemic by clamping.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				M. Kumazawa, H. Iida, M. Uchida, M. Iida, M. Takenaka, and S. Dohi The Comparative Effects of Intravenous Nicardipine and Prostaglandin E1 on the Cerebral Pial Arteriolar Constriction Seen After Unclamping of an Aortic Cross-Clamp in Rabbits Anesth. Analg., March 1, 2007; 104(3): 659 - 665. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Uchida, H. Iida, M. Iida, M. Kumazawa, K. Sumi, M. Takenaka, and S. Dohi Both Milrinone and Colforsin Daropate Attenuate the Sustained Pial Arteriolar Constriction Seen After Unclamping of an Abdominal Aortic Cross-Clamp in Rabbits Anesth. Analg., July 1, 2005; 101(1): 9 - 16. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Anesthesia & Analgesia® is published for the International Anesthesia Research Society® by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins with the assistance of Stanford University Libraries' HighWire Press®. Copyright 2006 by the International Anesthesia Research Society. Online ISSN: 1526-7598   Print ISSN: 0003-2999