JOURNAL HOME CME HOME THIS MONTH PAST ISSUES ETOC COLLECTIONS AUTHORS REVIEWERS EDITORIAL BOARD FEEDBACK RSS HELP
		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a colleague Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in ISI Web of Science Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via ISI Web of Science (35) Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by McDermott, N. B. Articles by Friesen, R. H. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by McDermott, N. B. Articles by Friesen, R. H. Related Collections Ambulatory Monitoring (Non-cardiac) Pediatrics

---

PEDIATRIC ANESTHESIA

Validation of the Bispectral Index Monitor During Conscious and Deep Sedation in Children

Department of Anesthesiology, The Children’s Hospital and the University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado

Address correspondence and reprint requests to Robert H. Friesen, MD, Department of Anesthesiology, The Children’s Hospital, 1056 E. 19th Ave., Denver, CO 80218. Address e-mail to friesen.robert{at}tchden.org

In this study, we tested the validity of the bispectral index (BIS) monitor during conscious and deep sedation of children by comparing it with the University of Michigan Sedation Scale (UMSS), a validated observational pediatric sedation scale. Eighty-six children <12 yr of age were enrolled in this observational study. The subjects underwent conscious or deep sedation administered by non-anesthesiologists for diagnostic or therapeutic procedures in four departments in a children’s hospital. Sedation medications varied among departments and were not controlled by the study protocol. An independent observer derived a UMSS score at 10-min intervals for 1 h during sedation; personnel administering sedation medications and performing the procedures were blinded to the BIS and UMSS scores. Significant correlation between BIS scores and UMSS scores was found (r = -0.704, P < 0.0001), including in subjects <6 mo of age (n = 6) (r = -0.761, P < 0.001). Poor correlation was found when ketamine or an oral combination of chloral hydrate, hydroxyzine, and meperidine were used for sedation. We conclude that BIS correlates well with UMSS scores and may be a valid measure of conscious and deep sedation in children.

IMPLICATIONS: We compared bispectral index scores with a validated observational scale of conscious and deep sedation in children and found significant correlation. We conclude that the bispectral index may be a valid measurement of depth of sedation in children.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				A. Lamas, J. Lopez-Herce, L. Sancho, S. Mencia, A. Carrillo, M. J. Santiago, and V. Martinez Bispectral Index and Middle Latency Auditory Evoked Potentials in Children Younger Than Two-Years-Old Anesth. Analg., February 1, 2008; 106(2): 426 - 432. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. Hohener, S. Blumenthal, and A. Borgeat Sedation and regional anaesthesia in the adult patient Br. J. Anaesth., January 1, 2008; 100(1): 8 - 16. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				O. Tirel, E. Wodey, R. Harris, J. Y. Bansard, C. Ecoffey, and L. Senhadji Variation of bispectral index under TIVA with propofol in a paediatric population Br. J. Anaesth., January 1, 2008; 100(1): 82 - 87. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. Engelhardt, M. K. Chan, A. J. McCheyne, C. Karsli, I. Luginbuehl, and B. Bissonnette The Effect of Varying Continuous Propofol Infusions on Plasma Cyclic Guanosine 3',5'-Monophosphate Concentrations in Anesthetized Children Anesth. Analg., September 1, 2007; 105(3): 616 - 619. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Malviya, T. Voepel-Lewis, A. R. Tait, M. F. Watcha, S. Sadhasivam, and R. H. Friesen Effect of Age and Sedative Agent on the Accuracy of Bispectral Index in Detecting Depth of Sedation in Children Pediatrics, September 1, 2007; 120(3): e461 - e470. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. A. Dionne, J. A. Yagiela, C. J. Cote, M. Donaldson, M. Edwards, D. J. Greenblatt, D. Haas, S. Malviya, P. Milgrom, P. A. Moore, et al. Balancing efficacy and safety in the use of oral sedation in dental outpatients J Am Dent Assoc, April 1, 2006; 137(4): 502 - 513. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. S. Litman, J. M. McDonough, C. L. Marcus, A. R. Schwartz, and D. S. Ward Upper airway collapsibility in anesthetized children. Anesth. Analg., March 1, 2006; 102(3): 750 - 754. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Kerssens and P. S. Sebel To BIS or Not to BIS? That Is the Question Anesth. Analg., February 1, 2006; 102(2): 380 - 382. [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Sadhasivam, A. Ganesh, A. Robison, R. Kaye, and M. F. Watcha Validation of the Bispectral Index Monitor for Measuring the Depth of Sedation in Children Anesth. Analg., February 1, 2006; 102(2): 383 - 388. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Malviya, T. Voepel-Lewis, and A. R. Tait A Comparison of Observational and Objective Measures to Differentiate Depth of Sedation in Children from Birth to 18 Years of Age Anesth. Analg., February 1, 2006; 102(2): 389 - 394. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. S. Powers, E. B. Nazarian, S. A. Tapyrik, S. M. Kohli, H. Yin, E. W. van der Jagt, J. S. Sullivan, and J. S. Rubenstein Bispectral Index as a Guide for Titration of Propofol During Procedural Sedation Among Children Pediatrics, June 1, 2005; 115(6): 1666 - 1674. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. H. Shields, G. Styadi-Park, M. Y. McCown, and K. M. Creamer Clinical Utility of the Bispectral Index Score When Compared to the University of Michigan Sedation Scale in Assessing the Depth of Outpatient Pediatric Sedation Clinical Pediatrics, April 1, 2005; 44(3): 229 - 236. [Abstract] [PDF]

				S. T. Reeves, J. E. Havidich, and D. P. Tobin Conscious Sedation of Children With Propofol Is Anything but Conscious Pediatrics, July 1, 2004; 114(1): e74 - e76. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. C. Finkel and A. Elrefai The Use of Dexmedetomidine to Facilitate Opioid and Benzodiazepine Detoxification in an Infant Anesth. Analg., June 1, 2004; 98(6): 1658 - 1659. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				I. Constant Utilisation du BIS en anesthesie pediatrique : ou en sommes-nous ?/BIS use in pediatric anesthesia: where are we? Can J Anesth, May 1, 2004; 51(5): 411 - 416. [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. J. Grindstaff and J. D. Tobias Applications of Bispectral Index Monitoring in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit J Intensive Care Med, March 1, 2004; 19(2): 111 - 116. [Abstract] [PDF]

				C. H. Shields, K. M. Creamer, and R. H. Friesen Validation of the BIS Monitor During Conscious Sedation and Deep Sedation in Children * Response Anesth. Analg., January 1, 2004; 98(1): 277 - 278. [Full Text] [PDF]

Anesthesia & Analgesia® is published for the International Anesthesia Research Society® by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins with the assistance of Stanford University Libraries' HighWire Press®. Copyright 2006 by the International Anesthesia Research Society. Online ISSN: 1526-7598   Print ISSN: 0003-2999