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Anesth Analg 2004;99:680-686
© 2004 International Anesthesia Research Society
doi: 10.1213/01.ANE.0000133136.01381.52

CARDIOVASCULAR ANESTHESIA

Pheochromocytoma Crisis: The Use of Magnesium Sulfate

Michael F. James, PhD FCA(SA)*, and Larissa Cronjé, FCA(SA){dagger}

*Department of Anaesthesia, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa; and {dagger}Department of Anaesthesia, The University of KwaZulu-Natal, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Address correspondence to Michael F. James, PhD, FCA(SA), Department of Anesthesia, University of Cape Town Faculty of Health Sciences, Anzio Road, Observatory 7925, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa. Address e-mail to james{at}cormack.uct.ac.za Reprints will not be available from the authors.

Pheochromocytoma crisis is a rare life-threatening event that may appear with a variety of clinical symptoms. We present three cases of life-threatening crisis in which magnesium sulfate was particularly beneficial in controlling symptoms and signs when more conventional forms of therapy had failed. Two patients presented with hypertensive encephalopathy, and the third presented with catecholamine-induced cardiomyopathy. All three patients successfully underwent tumor excision with magnesium sulfate used as the sole drug for control of hemodynamic disturbances during surgery. The problems of pheochromocytoma crisis and the potential benefits of magnesium sulfate in this condition are reviewed.

IMPLICATIONS: Pheochromocytoma crisis is a life-threatening condition that requires expert management. The effective use of magnesium sulfate is described in three cases in which conventional management had failed.




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Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins Anesthesia & Analgesia® is published for the International Anesthesia Research Society® by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and Stanford University Libraries' HighWire Press®. Copyright 2004 by the International Anesthesia Research Society. Online ISSN: 1526-7598   Print ISSN: 0003-2999 HighWire Press
Copyright © 2004 by the International Anesthesia Research Society.