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Anesth Analg 2004;99:1127-1130
© 2004 International Anesthesia Research Society
doi: 10.1213/01.ANE.0000131505.03006.74

ANESTHETIC PHARMACOLOGY

The Procoagulatory Effects of Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol in Human Platelets

Engelbert Deusch, MD, Hans Georg Kress, MD PhD, Birgit Kraft, MD, and Sibylle A. Kozek-Langenecker, MD

Department of General Anesthesiology and Intensive Care B, Vienna Medical University, Vienna, Austria

Address correspondence to Engelbert Deusch, MD, Department of General Anesthesiology and Intensive Care B, Vienna Medical University, General Hospital Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, E.C. Address e-mail to engelbert.deusch{at}meduniwien.ac.at

Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is increasingly used for the long-term treatment of nausea, vomiting, cachexia, and chronic pain. Recent reports, however, have indicated an increased risk of myocardial infarction and thromboangiitis obliterans after THC intake. Blood platelets have an essential role in the pathogenesis of these two diseases, but it is unclear whether platelets are potential target cells for cannabinoids. We investigated the effects of THC on human platelets and the expression of cannabinoid receptors on their cell membranes in this in vitro study. The effects of THC (final concentrations 10–7 to 10–5 M) on the expression of activated platelet fibrinogen receptor (glycoprotein IIb-IIIa) and P selectin were characterized by flow cytometry. Western blotting was performed with platelet membrane preparations to determine the surface expression of cannabinoid receptors on human platelets. THC increased the expression of glycoprotein IIb-IIIa and P selectin on human platelets in a concentration-dependent manner. The two known cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2) were both detected on the cell membrane of human platelets. Our functional results may suggest a receptor-dependent pathway of THC-induced platelet activation. However, further in vivo studies are warranted to evaluate the role of cannabinoid receptors in mediating the demonstrated procoagulatory effect of THC.

IMPLICATIONS: Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol activated human platelets in vitro in a concentration-dependent manner. The two known cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2) were both detected on the cell membrane of human platelets.






Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins Anesthesia & Analgesia® is published for the International Anesthesia Research Society® by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins with the assistance of Stanford University Libraries' HighWire Press®. Copyright 2006 by the International Anesthesia Research Society. Online ISSN: 1526-7598   Print ISSN: 0003-2999 HighWire Press
Copyright © 2004 by the International Anesthesia Research Society.