Anesthesia & Analgesia: Volume 105, Issue 4, Page 940.
"Proximal Isovelocity Surface Area Should Be Routinely Measured in Evaluating Mitral Regurgitation: A Core Review" by Lambert
Data Files:
Video Clip 1
-
The first step in the PISA method is to demonstrate the MR jet by color flow Doppler (CFD) and to calculate the flow of blood within the flow convergence area. This is most commonly done in the mid-esophageal (ME) views of the mitral valve. The flow convergence area is the colored area on the ventricular side of the mitral valve in systole