CARDIOVASCULAR ANESTHESIA:

Tso-Chou Lin, Chi-Yuan Li, Chien-Sung Tsai, Chih-Hung Ku, Ching-Tang Wu, Chih-Shung Wong, and Shung-Tai Ho

Neutrophil-Mediated Secretion and Activation of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 During Cardiac Surgery with Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1554-1560. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The present study demonstrated increased matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 levels in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) but not in patients receiving off-pump cardiac surgery. The corresponding increase in neutrophil MMP-9 expression and production suggests that MMP-9 is derived primarily from neutrophils and may contribute to the inflammatory response associated with CPB.

Christoph Schmidt, Frank Hinder, Hugo Van Aken, Gregor Theilmeier, Christian Bruch, Stefan P. Wirtz, Hartmut Bürkle, Tim Gühs, Markus Rothenburger, and Elmar Berendes

The Effect of High Thoracic Epidural Anesthesia on Systolic and Diastolic Left Ventricular Function in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1561-1569. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Awake patients with coronary artery disease underwent high thoracic epidural anesthesia. The effects on left ventricular (LV) function were quantified using the combined echocardiographic variables of systolic/diastolic LV function and variables of both systolic and diastolic function. An improvement attributable to changes in the diastolic characteristics was demonstrated.

Lawrence R. Soma, Cornelius E. Uboh, Fuyu Guan, Yi Luo, Peter J. Moate, Raymond C. Boston, and Bernd Driessen

The Pharmacokinetics of Hemoglobin-Based Oxygen Carrier Hemoglobin Glutamer-200 Bovine in the Horse
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1570-1575. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: This study reports on pharmacokinetics of a first generation hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier (HBOC-200). A noninterchanging 2-compartment model indicates that 47% of the hemoglobin aggregates left the circulation within the first 2 to 3 h, and the rate of elimination was based on aggregate size.

Douglas J. McCrath, Elisabetta Cerboni, Robert J. Frumento, Andrew L. Hirsh, and Elliott Bennett-Guerrero

Thromboelastography Maximum Amplitude Predicts Postoperative Thrombotic Complications Including Myocardial Infarction
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1576-1583. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Postoperative thrombotic complications increase hospital length of stay and health care costs. In a cohort study of 240 patients undergoing a wide variety of surgical procedures, we describe how a point-of-care test (thromboelastography maximum amplitude) at the end of surgery can be used to predict thrombotic complications, including myocardial infarction.

Stefan G. De Hert, Franco Turani, Sanjiv Mathur, and David F. Stowe

Cardioprotection with Volatile Anesthetics: Mechanisms and Clinical Implications (Review Article)
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1584-1593. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Günter Luckner, Josef Margreiter, Stefan Jochberger, Viktoria Mayr, Thomas Luger, Wolfgang Voelckel, Andreas J. Mayr, and Martin W. Dünser

Systolic Anterior Motion of the Mitral Valve with Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction: Three Cases of Acute Perioperative Hypotension in Noncardiac Surgery (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1594-1598. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve with left ventricular outflow obstruction and mitral regurgitation may be an unrecognized cause of acute, perioperative cardiovascular collapse. Acute treatment of perioperative systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve includes volume infusion and application of vasopressors. In selective cases, use of {beta}-blockers is indicated.

PEDIATRIC ANESTHESIA:

Mark W. Crawford, Jason Hayes, and Juliana M. Tan

Dose-Response of Remifentanil for Tracheal Intubation in Infants
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1599-1604. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The dose-response of remifentanil for tracheal intubation is similar in infants and children. In infants, coadministration of 4 mg/kg propofol and 3 {micro}g/kg remifentanil provides clinically acceptable intubating conditions, stable hemodynamics, and a duration of apnea comparable to that after 4 mg/kg propofol and 2.0 mg/kg succinylcholine.

Kai Goldmann and Christian Jakob

A Randomized Crossover Comparison of the Size 2 Laryngeal Mask Airway ProSeal^TM Versus Laryngeal Mask Airway-Classic^TM in Pediatric Patients
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1605-1610. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The size 1/2 laryngeal mask airway (LMA)-ProSealTM offers some advantages over the same size of LMA-ClassicTM. The reliability of gastric-tube placement and the increased airway leak pressure could make the LMA-ProSealTM a valuable device for positive pressure ventilation in pediatric patients.

Ban C. H. Tsui, Derek Emery, Richard R. E. Uwiera, and Brendan Finucane

The Use of Electrical Stimulation to Monitor Epidural Needle Advancement in a Porcine Model
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1611-1613. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Hypothetically, electrical stimulation may be able to be used to provide advanced warning that an epidural needle is approaching the epidural space. However, using 5 mA is an unreliable method to detect the precise point needle entry into the epidural space in pigs.

Joseph P. Cravero, George T. Blike, Stephen D. Surgenor, and Jens Jensen

Development and Validation of the Dartmouth Operative Conditions Scale
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1614-1621. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: This study outlines the development and validation of the Dartmouth Operative Conditions Scale. This tool is intended to be used with video tape analysis to better understand the effectiveness, efficiency, and safety of pediatric sedation systems.

Rashmi Madan, Anuj Bhatia, Sajith Chakithandy, Rajeshwari Subramaniam, Gurram Rammohan, Shrinivas Deshpande, Manorama Singh, and H. L. Kaul

Prophylactic Dexamethasone for Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Pediatric Strabismus Surgery: A Dose Ranging and Safety Evaluation Study
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1622-1626. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: We evaluated the efficacy and safety of three different doses of dexamethasone on postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after pediatric strabismus surgery. Dexamethasone 0.25 mg/kg was as effective as larger doses in significantly reducing the incidence and severity of PONV compared with placebo and was not associated with any side effects.

Spyros D. Mentzelopoulos, Maria Tzoufi, and Georgia Kostopanagiotou

Infantile Major Airway Stenosis and Acute Respiratory Distress Associated with Cardiac Tamponade (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1627-1630. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: This case indicates that, in young pediatric patients who have undergone corrective or palliative heart surgery, severe and acute pericarditis may result in major airway compromise secondary to external compression and circumferential edema.

Edward R. Mariano, M. Gail Boltz, Craig T. Albanese, Claire T. Abrajano, and Chandra Ramamoorthy

Anesthetic Management of Infants with Palliated Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome Undergoing Laparoscopic Nissen Fundoplication (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1631-1633. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Laparoscopic surgery in infants with single ventricle physiology can lead to decreased cardiac output, reduced pulmonary blood flow, and hypoxemia. Anesthetic management of these patients must take these physiologic alterations into consideration.

Thomas O. Erb, Sven E. Ryhult, Ewald Duitmann, Carol Hasler, Juerg Luetschg, and Franz J. Frei

Improvement of Motor-Evoked Potentials by Ketamine and Spatial Facilitation During Spinal Surgery in a Young Child (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1634-1636. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Continuous monitoring of corticospinal motor pathways is essential during spine surgery, but respective signals are difficult to obtain in small children. We present a 3-yr and 8-mo old child, in which motor evoked potentials could successfully be monitored with specific anesthetic and electrophysiologic techniques.

AMBULATORY ANESTHESIA:

Donald Fung, Marsha Cohen, Susan Stewart, and Andy Davies

Can the Iowa Satisfaction with Anesthesia Scale Be Used to Measure Patient Satisfaction with Cataract Care Under Topical Local Anesthesia and Monitored Sedation at a Community Hospital?
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1637-1643. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: When tested on 306 cataract patients undergoing monitored anesthesia care, the Iowa Satisfaction with Anesthesia Scale demonstrated sufficient reliability and validity to allow it to be used as a means to track and compare the satisfaction of patients undergoing cataract surgery under monitored sedation.

Donald Fung, Marsha M. Cohen, Susan Stewart, and Andy Davies

What Determines Patient Satisfaction with Cataract Care Under Topical Local Anesthesia and Monitored Sedation in a Community Hospital Setting?
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1644-1650. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: We used the Iowa Satisfaction with Anesthesia Scale, a validated patient satisfaction questionnaire, to discover determinants of satisfaction with cataract care under topical local anesthesia and monitored sedation in 306 patients at a community hospital. Overall patient satisfaction was high. Mild pain is common and is significantly associated with lower satisfaction scores.

Thomas Ledowski, Felix Kiese, Silke Jeglin, and Jens Scholz

Possible Air Embolism During Eye Surgery (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1651-1652. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Although complications of eye surgery are infrequent and normally not severe, this report deals with the potentially life-threatening hazard of air embolism. Because the potential for harm and successful therapy are time-dependent, the possibility of air embolism should be considered, despite its apparent rarity.

ANESTHETIC PHARMACOLOGY:

Tao Luo, Zhengyuan Xia, David M. Ansley, Jingping Ouyang, David J. Granville, Yinping Li, Zhong-Yuan Xia, Qing-Shan Zhou, and Xian-Yi Liu

Propofol Dose-Dependently Reduces Tumor Necrosis Factor--Induced Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cell Apoptosis: Effects on Bcl-2 and Bax Expression and Nitric Oxide Generation
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1653-1659. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Our study provides evidence that propofol, a frequently used anesthetic for cardiac surgery and for postoperative sedation, attenuates tumor necrosis factor-induced human endothelial cell programmed cell death in a dose-dependent manner. Propofol may prove to be a promising drug in reducing peri- and postoperative cardiovascular symptoms.

Barbara Sinner, Oliver Friedrich, Wolfgang Zink, Eike Martin, Rainer H. A. Fink, and Bernhard M. Graf

Ketamine Stereoselectively Inhibits Spontaneous Ca²⁺-Oscillations in Cultured Hippocampal Neurons
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1660-1666. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Spontaneous hippocampal Ca2+-oscillations seem to be responsible for memory formation and cell growth. They are dependent on extracellular Ca2+, Mg2+, glutamate and {gamma}-aminobutyric acidA receptors and are stereospecifically attenuated by ketamine similar to their clinical potencies. Anesthetic effects on spontaneous Ca2+-oscillations might explain the amnesic, anesthetic, and analgesic mechanism of ketamine.

Misha Perouansky, Mathew I. Banks, and Robert A. Pearce

The Differential Effects of the Nonimmobilizer 1,2-Dichlorohexafluorocyclobutane (F6, 2N) and Isoflurane on Extrasynaptic Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid_A Receptors
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1667-1673. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Gamma aminobutyric acidA receptors are located either synaptically or extrasynaptically, and both can regulate the excitability of neurons. We have found that extrasynaptic receptors on hippocampal pyramidal neurons are insensitive to F6 but are blocked by isoflurane. Therefore, neither extrasynaptic nor synaptic receptors on pyramidal cells underlie the amnestic and proconvulsant effects of F6.

Jeroen P. Beekwilder, Daniel L. B. Winkelman, Gertrudis Th. H. van Kempen, Rutgeris J. van den Berg, and Dirk L. Ypey

The Block of Total and N-Type Calcium Conductance in Mouse Sensory Neurons by the Local Anesthetic n-Butyl-p-Aminobenzoate
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1674-1679. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Butamben is a low-water-soluble local anesthetic that can be used for the selective treatment of chronic pain. We show that transmembrane calcium currents of small mouse sensory neurons can be largely inhibited by concentrations just below maximal solubility; this implies calcium channels as possible targets in the analgesic action of butamben.

Lawrence A. Turner, Kazuhiro Fujimoto, Akihiro Suzuki, Anna Stadnicka, Zeljko J. Bosnjak, and Wai-Meng Kwok

The Interaction of Isoflurane and Protein Kinase C-Activators on Sarcolemmal K_ATP Channels
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1680-1686. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Protein kinase C (PKC) plays a key role in mediating isoflurane-induced facilitation of whole-cell cardiac sarcolemmal KATP channel current during cell dialysis to reduce intracellular ATP. Conversely, "preconditioning" myocytes with isoflurane produces a sustained "memory" effect, which facilitates sarcolemmal KATP channel opening by later exposure to a diacylglycerol activator of PKC.

Tomohiro Yamakura, Ahmed R. Askalany, Andrey B. Petrenko, Tatsuro Kohno, Hiroshi Baba, and Kenji Sakimura

The NR3B Subunit Does Not Alter the Anesthetic Sensitivities of Recombinant N-Methyl-d-Aspartate Receptors
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1687-1692. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The sensitivities of NR1/NR2 N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors to general anesthetics were not altered by co-expression of the NR3B subunit. Therefore, the anesthetic sensitivities of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors in motoneurons of the brainstem and spinal cord, where the NR3B subunit is expressed, may not differ from those in other regions of the nervous system.

Woon Si Yew, Shin Yuet Chong, Kian Hian Tan, and Meng Huat Goh

The Effects of Intravenous Lidocaine on Pain During Injection of Medium- and Long-Chain Triglyceride Propofol Emulsions (Brief Report)
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1693-1695. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: In this randomized, controlled, double-blind study, we found that the addition of 20 mg lidocaine to propofol (prepared in an emulsion of medium- and long-chain triglycerides) was effective in decreasing pain on injection.

Renna J. N. Stevens, Dirk Rüsch, Paul A. Davies, and Douglas E. Raines

Molecular Properties Important for Inhaled Anesthetic Action on Human 5-HT_3A Receptors (Technical Communication)
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1696-1703. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The effects of inhaled anesthetics and n-alcohols on human 5-HT3A receptors are critically modulated by both their molecular volumes and their electrostatic properties.

TECHNOLOGY, COMPUTING, AND SIMULATION:

Hisayoshi Tamai, Shigehito Sawamura, Hidenao Atarashi, Kenji Takeda, Kazuhiko Ohe, and Kazuo Hanaoka

The Electrical Properties of Epidural Catheters: What Are the Requirements for Nerve Stimulation Guidance?
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1704-1707. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: We examined several commercially available epidural catheters for their suitability for nerve stimulation guided insertion and concluded that this procedure requires a catheter with stainless steel wire reinforcement or a stainless steel stylet.

Lester A. H. Critchley, Zhi Y. Peng, Benny S. Fok, and Anthony E. James

The Effect of Peripheral Resistance on Impedance Cardiography Measurements in the Anesthetized Dog
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1708-1712. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Impedance cardiac output measurements are influenced by peripheral resistance such that cardiac output will be underestimated by the impedance method when resistance is low and overestimated when resistance is high.

Dale F. Szpisjak, Charles L. Lamb, and Kenneth D. Klions

Oxygen Consumption with Mechanical Ventilation in a Field Anesthesia Machine (Technical Communication)
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1713-1717. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The oxygen consumption rate of the Narkomed(R) M gas-powered ventilator varies directly with minute ventilation and inversely with lung compliance. The consumption rate in a low compliance, 1000 mL tidal volume model was 29% faster than in a high compliance, 500 mL tidal volume model.

Thomas M. Hemmerling, Guillaume Michaud, Stéphane Deschamps, and Guillaume Trager

An External Monitoring Site at the Neck Cannot Be Used to Measure Neuromuscular Blockade of the Larynx (Technical Communication)
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1718-1722. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: We used phonomyography with a microphone placed at the neck to evaluate the possibility to externally monitor neuromuscular blockade at the larynx. Whereas this external site equals the onset of neuromuscular blockade at the larynx, it cannot be used as a substitute for direct laryngeal monitoring. Phonomyography records acoustic signals from strap muscles at that site.

Wade A. Weigel and W. Bosseau Murray

Detecting Unidirectional Valve Incompetence by the Modified Pressure Decline Method (Technical Communication)
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1723-1727. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Unidirectional valve incompetence can be tested quickly using an extra reservoir bag with the modified pressure decline method test. This test can improve safety by identification of incompetent unidirectional valves and therefore improves the quality of anesthesia equipment testing before administering anesthesia to a patient.

Warren S. Sandberg

Endobronchial Blocker Dislodgement Leading to Pulseless Electrical Activity (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1728-1730. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: We report a case wherein an endobronchial blocker was dislodged, accompanied by a brief episode of pulseless electrical activity. Prompt deflation of the endobronchial blocker balloon reversed the problem. We hypothesize that pulseless electrical activity resulted from severe air trapping because of successive, stacked tidal volumes forced past the blocker.

PAIN MEDICINE:

Carole W. Agin and Peter S. A. Glass

Tolerance and Aging: Optimizing Analgesia in Pain Management (Editorial)
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1731-1732. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Yan Wang, James Mitchell, Kumi Moriyama, Ki-jun Kim, Manohar Sharma, Guo-xi Xie, and Pamela Pierce Palmer

Age-Dependent Morphine Tolerance Development in the Rat
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1733-1739. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Although many aspects of opioid tolerance mechanisms have been studied, the effect of age on the rate of opioid tolerance development has not been adequately addressed. We found that as a rat ages, the rate of tolerance development to morphine is slowed, an effect that cannot be explained by pharmacokinetic differences alone.

Chante Buntin-Mushock, Lisa Phillip, Kumi Moriyama, and Pamela Pierce Palmer

Age-Dependent Opioid Escalation in Chronic Pain Patients
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1740-1745. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: When using daily opioids to treat chronic nonmalignant pain, a rapid rate of opioid dose escalation can occur in some patients. We demonstrate that age may be an important variable in determining the rate of dose escalation, with older patients escalating their opioid dose at less than half the rate of younger patients.

Ricardo M. Buenaventura, Thomas D. McSweeney, Costantino Benedetti, Steven A. Severyn, and Glenn P. Gravlee

The Qualifications of Pain Physicians in Ohio (Medical Intelligence)
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1746-1752. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: We analyzed the members of several pain medicine boards by using published directories and Internet databases. The American Board of Medical Specialties-recognized subspecialty certification in pain medicine is held by less than half (96 of 218) of Ohio physicians who could declare themselves board-certified in pain medicine/management.

ECONOMICS, EDUCATION, AND HEALTH SYSTEMS RESEARCH:

Stephanie A. Snyder-Ramos, Henrik Seintsch, Bernd W. Böttiger, Johann Motsch, Eike Martin, and Martin Bauer

Patient Satisfaction and Information Gain After the Preanesthetic Visit: A Comparison of Face-to-Face Interview, Brochure, and Video
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1753-1758. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Documentary video plus face-to-face interview is the method of conducting the preanesthetic visit with the best improvement in patient satisfaction and information gain.

Mary Lou V. H. Greenfield, Andrew L. Rosenberg, Michael O’Reilly, Amy M. Shanks, Michelle J. Sliwinski, and Michael D. Nauss

The Quality of Randomized Controlled Trials in Major Anesthesiology Journals
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1759-1764. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The quality of reporting of randomized controlled trials in general anesthesiology journals may be enhanced by clarification of study methods. Randomization methods and blinding of investigators who collect data from treatment strategies are among the areas requiring the most attention.

CRITICAL CARE AND TRAUMA:

Hannah Wunsch, James Mapstone, and Jukka Takala

High-Frequency Ventilation Versus Conventional Ventilation for the Treatment of Acute Lung Injury and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Cochrane Analysis
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1765-1772. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: This Cochrane Review examines two randomized controlled trials. No significant difference was found in outcomes when comparing high-frequency ventilation with conventional ventilation for treatment of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Thomas A. Neff, Lukas Fischler, Michael Mark, Reto Stocker, and Walter H. Reinhart

The Influence of Two Different Hydroxyethyl Starch Solutions (6% HES 130/0.4 and 200/0.5) on Blood Viscosity
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1773-1780. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: As a result of an in vitro trial and a randomized ex vivo study we conclude that hydroxyethyl starch (HES) 130/0.4 has hemorheological advantages over conventional HES 200/0.5 when used in large quantities.

Nobuyuki Katori, Kenichi A. Tanaka, Fania Szlam, and Jerrold H. Levy

The Effects of Platelet Count on Clot Retraction and Tissue Plasminogen Activator-Induced Fibrinolysis on Thrombelastography
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1781-1785. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Abciximab-modified thrombelastography, by excluding platelets' contribution to clot formation, appears to be useful in distinguishing between clot retraction and fibrinolysis.

Yves Harder, Claudio Contaldo, Joachim Klenk, Andrej Banic, Stephan M. Jakob, and Dominique Erni

Preconditioning with Monophosphoryl Lipid A Improves Survival of Critically Ischemic Tissue
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1786-1792. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: In pigs, a single dose of monophosphoryl lipid A given one day before surgery stabilized systemic hemodynamics and oxygen delivery during 9 h of anesthesia with a volatile anesthetic. Furthermore, the long-time survival of critically ischemic wound margins was improved.

Pierpaolo Terragni, Giulio L. Rosboch, Eleonora Corno, Eleonora Menaldo, Andrea Tealdi, Piero Borasio, Ottavio Davini, Aurelio G. Viale, and V. Marco Ranieri

Independent High-Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation in the Management of Asymmetric Acute Lung Injury (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1793-1796. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: This case report demonstrates the feasibility and safety of independent lung ventilation set with high-frequency oscillation ventilation (HFO) in an adult acute respiratory distress syndrome patient with markedly asymmetric lung disease. HFO was initiated, set, and successfully discontinued on the basis of computed tomography analysis.

NEUROSURGICAL ANESTHESIA:

James E. Fletcher, Albert R. Hinn, Christopher M. Heard, Linda S. Georges, Eugene B. Freid, Ann Keifer, Sandra D. Brooks, Ann G. Bailey, and Robert D. Valley

The Effects of Isoflurane and Desflurane Titrated to a Bispectral Index of 60 on the Cortical Somatosensory Evoked Potential During Pediatric Scoliosis Surgery
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1797-1803. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Anesthesia maintained with isoflurane results in a higher amplitude of the evoked cortical somatosensory potential than anesthesia maintained with desflurane when anesthesia depth is controlled to a bispectral index of 60. Isoflurane may therefore be the preferred anesthetic when the signal-to-noise ratio is low during spinal cord monitoring.

Antonios Liolios, Jean-Michel Guérit, Jean-Louis Scholtes, Christian Raftopoulos, and Philippe Hantson

Propofol Infusion Syndrome Associated with Short-Term Large-Dose Infusion During Surgical Anesthesia in an Adult (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1804-1806. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Although general anesthesia with propofol is usually extremely safe, after large-dose infusion some patients may experience lactic acidosis, rhabdomyolysis, renal impairment, and eventually cardiac failure. We report a recent neurosurgical case with the use of steroids as a possible triggering factor.

REGIONAL ANESTHESIA:

Terese T. Horlocker and Daniel R. Brown

Evidence-Based Medicine: Haute Couture or the Emperor’s New Clothes? (Editorial)
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1807-1810. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Dusanka Zaric, Christian Christiansen, Nathan L. Pace, and Yodying Punjasawadwong

Transient Neurologic Symptoms After Spinal Anesthesia with Lidocaine Versus Other Local Anesthetics: A Systematic Review of Randomized, Controlled Trials
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1811-1816. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Spinal anesthesia results from the injection of local anesthetics near the spinal cord. A temporary painful condition of the buttocks and thighs, lasting from 1 to 10 days, is seven times more likely after the use of lidocaine than after bupivacaine, prilocaine, or procaine.

Argyro Fassoulaki, A. Melemeni, Marianna Zotou, and Constantine Sarantopoulos

Systemic Ondansetron Antagonizes the Sensory Block Produced by Intrathecal Lidocaine
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1817-1821. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Ondansetron administered orally the evening before surgery and IV 15 min before intrathecal injection of lidocaine in patients undergoing transurethral surgery antagonized the sensory block produced by lidocaine. This may affect patients treated with ondansetron and undergoing surgery under subarachnoid anesthesia because the block may be less effective.

Brian M. Ilfeld and F. Kayser Enneking

Continuous Peripheral Nerve Blocks at Home: A Review (Review Article)
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1822-1833. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Russell K. McAllister, Andrew J. McDavid, Tricia A. Meyer, and Timothy M. Bittenbinder

Recurrent Persistent Hiccups After Epidural Steroid Injection and Analgesia with Bupivacaine (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1834-1836. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The side effects of epidurally administered local anesthetics are relatively well known to anesthesiologists. However, the current literature does not include hiccups as a potential side effect. Presented is a case of recurrent persistent hiccups occurring after administration of epidural bupivacaine.

Ban C. H. Tsui and Bruce Kropelin

The Electrophysiological Effect of Dextrose 5% in Water on Single-Shot Peripheral Nerve Stimulation (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1837-1839. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The injection of a nonconducting solution (D5W) maintains or augments a motor response elicited by 0.5 mA or less by decreasing the conductive surface area and increasing the current density at the needle tip. Using an injection of D5W during single-shot peripheral nerve block may provide a uniform electrical field around the stimulating needle tip and a reproducible motor response.

GENERAL ARTICLES:

Glenn S. Murphy, Joseph W. Szokol, Jesse H. Marymont, Mark Franklin, Michael J. Avram, and Jeffery S. Vender

Residual Paralysis at the Time of Tracheal Extubation
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1840-1845. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: We investigated the incidence and severity of residual paralysis at the time of tracheal extubation. When clinicians determined that full recovery of neuromuscular function had occurred and that the endotracheal tube could be safely removed, only 15 of 120 subjects had train-of-four ratios >=0.9.

Ramiro Arellano, Bing Siang Gan, Mary Jane Salpeter, Erik Yeo, Stuart McCluskey, Ruxandra Pinto, Jonathan Irish, Douglas C. Ross, D. John Doyle, John Parkin, Dale Brown, Lorne Rotstein, Ian Witterick, Wayne Matthews, John Yoo, Peter C. Neligan, Pat Gullane, and Howard Lampe

A Triple-Blinded Randomized Trial Comparing the Hemostatic Effects of Large-Dose 10% Hydroxyethyl Starch 264/0.45 Versus 5% Albumin During Major Reconstructive Surgery
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1846-1853. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: This prospective, randomized, triple-blind study investigated the effects of large volumes of 10% hydroxyethyl starch 264/0.45 on coagulation variables in the perioperative period of major head and neck reconstructive surgery.

T. Jay Krzanowski and Wieslaw Mazur

A Complication Associated with the Murphy Eye of an Endotracheal Tube (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1854-1855. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: This case report illustrates that there are possible manufacturing defects associated with endotracheal tubes that can have direct clinical consequences on patient outcome.

Roman Kocian and Donat R. Spahn

Bronchial Aspiration in Patients After Weight Loss Due to Gastric Banding (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1856-1857. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Laparoscopic gastric banding, a surgical method of treatment of morbid obesity, may alter the esophago-gastric peristalsis. Having witnessed bronchial aspirations during anesthesia induction in patients with gastric band, we propose considering rapid-sequence induction of anesthesia in these patients.

LETTER TO THE EDITOR:

Wolfgang H. Maleck, Swen N. Piper, and Kerstin D. Röhm

Propofol-Induced Injection Pain: Comparison of a Modified Propofol Emulsion and Standard Propofol with Premixed Lidocaine
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1858. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Sigrid Adam, Jasper van Bommel, Michal Pelka, Maaike Dirckx, David Jonsson, and Jan Klein

Propofol-Induced Injection Pain: Comparison of a Modified Propofol Emulsion and Standard Propofol with Premixed Lidocaine
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1858-1859. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

N. Akerman and G. Lyons

Cord Damage in the Awake Epidural
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1859. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

C. J. Shields and D. C. Winter

Effects of Hypertonic Resuscitation
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1859. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

José Reinaldo Cerqueira Braz and Luiz Antonio Vane

Effects of Hypertonic Resuscitation
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1859-1860. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Gudrun Kunst and C. Gillbe

General Anesthesia for Cardiac Catheterization in a Child with Trisomy 14 Mosaicism
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1860. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Federico Bilotta, Luciano Agati, Laura Fiorani, and Giovanni Rosa

Post-CABG Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1860-1861. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Jacqueline M. Leung and Wayne H. Bellows

Post-CABG Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1861. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Naveen Eipe and Ashish Choudhrie

Nasal Pack Causing Upper Airway Obstruction
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1861. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Steven M. Green and Baruch Krauss

Replacing the Outmoded Term "Nonanesthesiologist"
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1862. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Joseph P. Cravero and George T. Blike

Replacing the Outmoded Term "Nonanesthesiologist"
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1862. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Evan J. Goodman, E. Jane Ziegler, Allan M. Douglas, and Girish D. Mulgaokar

The PAXpress Airway Causes More Pharyngeal Irritation than the Reusable Laryngeal Mask Airway
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1862. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Lucian Sulica

Polyps and Reinke’s Edema: Distinct Laryngeal Pathologies with Different Potential for Glottic Airway Obstruction
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1863. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

John Butterworth, Daniel D’Hulst, Timothy Oaks, and Sebron Dale

Polyps and Reinke’s Edema: Distinct Laryngeal Pathologies with Different Potential for Glottic Airway Obstruction
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1863-1864. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Glauber Gouvêa and Fabiano Gomes Gouvêa

Measurement of Systolic Pressure Variation on a Datex AS/3 Monitor
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1864. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Deborah Enting, Jack J. M. Ligtenberg, Leon P. H. J. Aarts, and Jan G. Zijlstra

Total Suppression of Cerebral Activity by Thiopental Mimicking Propofol Infusion Syndrome: A Fatal Common Pathway?
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1864-1865. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

John G. Augoustides, Kymberley E. Culp, Andrew E. Ochroch, and Bonnie L. Milas

Total Suppression of Cerebral Activity by Thiopental Mimicking Propofol Infusion Syndrome: A Fatal Common Pathway?
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1865. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Tomoya Irie, Kiyoyasu Kurahashi, Kenichi Ogawa, Ryosuke Furuya, and Yoshitsugu Yamada

Ventilation Failure Resulting from Defective Double-Lumen Endobronchial Tube
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1866. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Mohammad Mobarak Hussain Ansari and Annamma Abraham

Unusual Discoloration of Forearm with Bier’s Block Using 0.5% Lidocaine.
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1866-1867. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Gregor I. Kemming, Eckart Thein, Konrad Messmer, and Joanne B. Messick

The Splenectomized Dog: Do We Have to Say Farewell to an Established Hemorrhagic Shock Model?
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1867. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

José Reinaldo Cerqueira Braz and Leandro Gobbo Braz

The Splenectomized Dog: Do We Have to Say Farewell to an Established Hemorrhagic Shock Model?
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1867. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Joseph R. Furman

A Third Stitch to Prevent Dislodgment of Pediatric Central Venous Catheters
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1867-1868. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Matthias Hohlrieder, Josef Margreiter, and Christian Keller

A Third Stitch to Prevent Dislodgment of Pediatric Central Venous Catheters
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1868. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

David R. McIlroy

Failing to Reject the Null Hypothesis Does Not Mean that the Null Hypothesis Is True
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1868-1869. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Nanette M. Schwann and Jay Horrow

Failing to Reject the Null Hypothesis Does Not Mean that the Null Hypothesis Is True
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1869. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Hilary P. Grocott and G. Burkhard Mackensen

Apolipoprotein E Genotype and S100ß After Cardiac Surgery: Is Inflammation the Link?
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1869-1870. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

W. Andrew Kofke, Albert Cheung, and Patrick Konitzer

Apolipoprotein E Genotype and S100ß After Cardiac Surgery: Is Inflammation the Link?
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1870. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

BOOK AND MULTIMEDIA REVIEWS:

Scott B. Branting and Spencer S. Liu

Pain Medicine and Management: Just the Facts.
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1871. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Frederic A. Berry

Medical Malpractice: A Physician’s Sourcebook.
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1871-1872. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Books and Multimedia Received
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1872. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

GUEST REVIEWER LIST:

GUEST REVIEWER LIST OCTOBER 1, 2004–MARCH 31, 2005
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1873-1877. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

AUTHOR INDEX:

Author Index to Volume 100
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1878-1898. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

SUBJECT INDEX:

Subject Index to Volume 100
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1899-1922. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

ERRATA:

Erratum
Anesth Analg 2005 100: 1739. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

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