CARDIOVASCULAR ANESTHESIA:

Michael T. Ganter, Seraina Dalbert, Kirk Graves, Richard Klaghofer, Andreas Zollinger, and Christoph K. Hofer

Monitoring Activated Clotting Time for Combined Heparin and Aprotinin Application: An In Vitro Evaluation of a New Aprotinin-Insensitive Test Using SONOCLOT
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 308-314. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Current standard techniques to measure heparin-induced anticoagulation during cardiopulmonary bypass are affected by aprotinin, a drug widely used in this setting. The aim of this study was to investigate in vitro a new, so-called 'aprotinin-insensitive' test from SONOCLOT to measure heparin-induced anticoagulation more reliably in combination with aprotinin.

Jingui Yu, Kazuhiro Mizumoto, Yasuyuki Tokinaga, Koji Ogawa, and Yoshio Hatano

The Inhibitory Effects of Sevoflurane on Angiotensin II- Induced, p44/42 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase-Mediated Contraction of Rat Aortic Smooth Muscle
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 315-321. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The present study demonstrates that sevoflurane can dose-dependently inhibit both angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced contraction and p44/42 MAPK phosphorylation of rat aortic smooth muscle. These data suggest that sevoflurane-produced inhibition of Ang II-induced vasoconstriction is, at least in part, caused by depression of the p44/42 MAPK-mediated signaling pathway.

Madhusudan Rao Puchakalaya and Kevin K. Tremper

Brown-Séquard Syndrome Following Removal of a Cerebrospinal Fluid Drainage Catheter After Thoracic Aortic Surgery (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 322-324. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: We describe a patient who developed unilateral neurologic features suggestive of Brown-Sequard syndrome following removal of a cerebrospinal fluid catheter after thoracic aortic surgery. We suggest that the spinal cord was injured during catheter removal. The catheter was reinserted and the patient had a full neurologic recovery.

Susanna Price, John R. Pepper, and Siân I. Jaggar

Recombinant Human Erythropoietin Use in a Critically Ill Jehovah’s Witness After Cardiac Surgery (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 325-327. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The authors describe successful treatment of life-threatening anemia using recombinant human erythropoietin in a critically ill Jehovah's Witness patient after cardiac surgery.

Y. J. Oh, J. Y. Kim, and Y. L. Kwak

Solitary Liver Mass Detected by Transesophageal Echocardiography (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 328-329. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: A liver mass was detected during intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) examination in a patient undergoing cardiac valve surgery. This incidental finding permitted the early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma, and demonstrates another potential utility of TEE.

Ryoji Iida, Tomonori Yamamoto, Takahiro Suzuki, Shigeru Saeki, and Setsuro Ogawa

The Usefulness of Intraoperative Transesophageal Echocardiography to Identify the Site of Drainage of Coronary Artery Fistula (Echo Rounds)
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 330-331. [Full Text] [PDF] [Data Supplement]  [Request Permissions]  

Eric E. C. de Waal, Peter Bruins, Jaap R. Lahpor, Jaap J. F. Steijling, Laetitia M. O. de Kort, and Tom A. Boon

Chasing the Tumor Thrombus (Echo Rounds)
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 332. [Full Text] [PDF] [Data Supplement]  [Request Permissions]  

PEDIATRIC ANESTHESIA:

Hans-Jürgen Rapp, A. Folger, and T. Grau

Ultrasound-Guided Epidural Catheter Insertion in Children
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 333-339. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Epidural catheters in children are mostly inserted under sedation or general anesthesia. This study showed that the use of ultrasound could help visualize all relevant neuraxial structures and their site and depth from the skin.

Andreas W. Loepke, Jeffrey A. Golden, John C. McCann, and C. Dean Kurth

Injury Pattern of the Neonatal Brain After Hypothermic Low-Flow Cardiopulmonary Bypass in a Piglet Model
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 340-348. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Neuronal injury after hypothermic low-flow cardiopulmonary bypass in a piglet model using pH-stat strategy occurs predominantly in deep neocortex and hippocampus. Factors mitigating injury were higher arterial carbon dioxide, hematocrit, and blood glucose levels.

Hong Liu, Lianguo Wang, Matt Eaton, and Saul Schaefer

Sevoflurane Preconditioning Limits Intracellular/Mitochondrial Ca²⁺ in Ischemic Newborn Myocardium
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 349-355. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The results of this study support the hypothesis that sevoflurane preconditioning protects newborn hearts from calcium overload and ischemic injury via a mechanism dependent on mitochondrial KATP channels.

Samia N. Khalil, Andrew G. Roth, Ira T. Cohen, Eli Simhi, J. Mark Ansermino, Mariana E. Bolos, Charles J. Coté, Raafat S. Hannallah, Peter J. Davis, Peter B. Brooks, Mark W. Russo, Gaya C. Anschuetz, and Linda M. Blackburn

A Double-Blind Comparison of Intravenous Ondansetron and Placebo for Preventing Postoperative Emesis in 1- to 24-Month-Old Pediatric Patients After Surgery Under General Anesthesia
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 356-361. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: This prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study establishes the efficacy and tolerability of IV ondansetron (0.1 mg/kg) in the prevention of postoperative emesis in 1- to 24-mo-old pediatric patients undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia.

Christoph Schmidt, Georg Rellensmann, Hugo Van Aken, Michael Semik, Thomas Bruessel, and Dietmar Enk

Single-Lung Ventilation for Pulmonary Lobe Resection in a Newborn (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 362-364. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The special aspects of single-lung ventilation in a newborn 3000-g infant who presented a major anesthetic and surgical challenge because of congenital emphysema of the left upper pulmonary lobe are reported.

AMBULATORY ANESTHESIA:

Hector J. Medina, Eilish M. Galvin, Maaike Dirckx, Preveen Banwarie, Johannes F. H. Ubben, Freek J. Zijlstra, Jan Klein, and Serge J. C. Verbrugge

Remifentanil as a Single Drug for Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy: A Comparison of Infusion Doses in Terms of Analgesic Potency and Side Effects
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 365-370. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Remifentanil is an appropriate analgesic choice for patients undergoing extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) therapy, as it has both fast onset and offset times. We studied remifentanil as a sole drug for ESWL and have shown that an infusion rate of 0.05 {micro}g {middle dot} kg-1 {middle dot} min-1 plus patient-controlled analgesia demands of 10 {micro}g provides adequate analgesia and has significantly less side effects than a dose of 0.1 {micro}g {middle dot} kg-1 {middle dot} min-1 plus 10 {micro}g demands.

ANESTHETIC PHARMACOLOGY:

Hernán R. Muñoz, Fernando R. Altermatt, Julio A. González, and Paula J. León

The Effect of Different Isoflurane-Fentanyl Dose Combinations on Early Recovery from Anesthesia and Postoperative Adverse Effects
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 371-376. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: A fast recovery from anesthesia increases patient safety. This study shows that the combination of a small concentration of isoflurane and a relatively larger dose of fentanyl results in a faster recovery from anesthesia than the inverse combination of doses.

Mitsuharu Kodaka, Jay W. Johansen, and Peter S. Sebel

The Influence of Gender on Loss of Consciousness with Sevoflurane or Propofol
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 377-381. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Gender affects the dosing requirements for, and response to, many drugs used in anesthetic practice. Loss of consciousness is an early clinical marker of hypnotic drug effect. We found no significant difference to either an inhaled (sevoflurane) or IV (propofol) anesthetic related to patient gender.

Yoshiko Kasuya, Tatsuo Murakami, Tsutomu Oshima, and Shuji Dohi

Does Yawning Represent a Transient Arousal-Shift During Intravenous Induction of General Anesthesia?
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 382-384. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Yawning elicited by IV anesthetic induction was related to a transient increase during the continuing decrease in the electroencephalographic bispectral index value (sensitivity and specificity, 77% and 80%, respectively). This type of yawning may be a clinical indicator of a transient arousal-shift during progressive loss of consciousness.

Michiaki Yamakage, Sohshi Iwasaki, Jun-Ichi Satoh, and Akiyoshi Namiki

Changes in Concentrations of Free Propofol by Modification of the Solution
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 385-388. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Neither mixing lidocaine nor cooling reduced the concentrations of free propofol in both products but the concentrations were reduced by a decrease in pH and by an increase in temperature. Propofol medium- and long-chain triglycerides had significantly smaller concentrations by approximately 30%-45% than those in propofol long-chain triglycerides during any situation in this study.

Jennifer J. Davis, Jeffrey D. Swenson, Robert H. Hall, Jeffrey D. Dillon, Ken B. Johnson, Talmage D. Egan, Nathan L. Pace, and Su-Yi Niu

Preoperative "Fentanyl Challenge" as a Tool to Estimate Postoperative Opioid Dosing in Chronic Opioid-Consuming Patients
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 389-395. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: In chronically opioid-consuming patients, doses causing respiratory depression and analgesia may differ from those in opioid-naive individuals. A preoperative infusion of fentanyl, used in conjunction with pharmacokinetic simulation, may be a valuable tool for identifying clinical end-points, such as respiratory depression and analgesia, and individualizing postoperative treatment of pain in patients who chronically consume opioids.

Anne P. Vakkuri, Elina R. Seitsonen, Ville H. Jäntti, Mika Särkelä, Kari T. Korttila, Markku P.J. Paloheimo, and Arvi M. Yli-Hankala

A Rapid Increase in the Inspired Concentration of Desflurane Is Not Associated with Epileptiform Encephalogram
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 396-400. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: A rapid increase in the concentration of sevoflurane induces epileptiform encephalogram (EEG) with tachycardia. A rapid increase in the concentration of desflurane also induces tachycardia but is not associated with epileptiform EEG.

Ewa D. Zarnowska, Robert A. Pearce, Abdallah A. Saad, and Misha Perouansky

The -Subunit Governs the Susceptibility of Recombinant -Aminobutyric Acid Type A Receptors to Block by the Nonimmobilizer 1,2-dichlorohexafluorocyclobutane (F6, 2N)
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 401-406. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: {gamma}-Aminobutyric acidA receptors are the target of numerous drugs affecting the central nervous system. The subunit composition of the GABAA receptors governs their interaction with many drugs. We investigated whether the {gamma}-subunit influences the interaction with the nonimmobilizer F6.

Julia O. Udesky, Nicole Z. Spence, Ron Achiel, Chrisitane Lee, and Pamela Flood

The Role of Nicotinic Inhibition in Ketamine-Induced Behavior
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 407-411. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Ketamine and volatile anesthetics, but not propofol, inhibit neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in clinically relevant concentration ranges. Nicotinic inhibition by ketamine is not related to its immobilizing or sedating effects but may play a role in ketamine's analgesic action.

Mark Liao, James M. Sonner, Rachel Jurd, Uwe Rudolph, Cecilia M. Borghese, R. Adron Harris, Michael J. Laster, and Edmond I. Eger, II

ß3-Containing Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid_A Receptors Are Not Major Targets for the Amnesic and Immobilizing Actions of Isoflurane
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 412-418. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The results of the present study indicate that {beta}3-containing gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptors do not mediate the amnesia produced by isoflurane and do not mediate, or only partially mediate, the immobility produced by inhaled anesthetics.

Radoslaw Owczuk, Magdalena A. Wujtewicz, Wioletta Sawicka, Jerzy Lasek, and Maria Wujtewicz

The Influence of Desflurane on QTc Interval (Brief Report)
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 419-422. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: We assessed the effect of desflurane on QTc interval in patients without cardiac diseases. Prolongation of the interval was evident by the first minute of desflurane anesthesia. There were no differences between female and male patients.

Yung Kwok, Kwok F. J. Ng, Carina C. F. Li, Clarence C. K. Lam, and Ricky Y. K. Man

A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of the Platelet and Global Hemostatic Effects of Ganoderma Lucidum (Ling-Zhi) in Healthy Volunteers (Brief Report)
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 423-426. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Ingestion of Ganoderma lucidum does not cause impairment of hemostatic function in healthy volunteers, despite earlier in vitro reports that it may cause platelet inhibition and may have other antithrombotic and fibrinolytic activity. The use of Ganoderma lucidum preoperatively is unlikely to increase the risk of surgical bleeding in otherwise healthy patients.

TECHNOLOGY, COMPUTING, AND SIMULATION:

Sascha Kreuer, Jörgen Bruhn, Christian Stracke, Luc Aniset, Malte Silomon, Reinhard Larsen, and Wolfram Wilhelm

Narcotrend or Bispectral Index Monitoring During Desflurane-Remifentanil Anesthesia: A Comparison with a Standard Practice Protocol
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 427-434. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Monitoring the electroencephalogram with Narcotrend or Bispectral Index during desflurane-remifentanil anesthesia only slightly reduces recovery times when compared with a standard practice protocol.

Frank Weber, Markus Zimmermann, and Thomas Bein

The Impact of Acoustic Stimulation on the AEP Monitor/2 Derived Composite Auditory Evoked Potential Index Under Awake and Anesthetized Conditions
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 435-439. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The AEP Monitor/2 generates an Index (AAITM) indicating the patient's hypnotic state by analyzing either auditory evoked potentials (AEP) or spontaneous electroencephalographic (EEG) activity. We demonstrate that, though significantly different under AEP-derived or EEG-derived conditions, AAI values remain within the range indicating the patient's actual hypnotic state as given by the manufacturer of the device.

Wei Wei, Zhaoqiong Zhu, Lunxu Liu, Yunxia Zuo, Min Gong, Fushan Xue, and Jin Liu

A Pilot Study of Continuous Transtracheal Mixed Venous Oxygen Saturation Monitoring
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 440-443. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Mixed venous oxygen saturation (Svo2) is a measure of the balance between oxygen supply and consumption throughout the whole body. Svo2 can be measured invasively by inserting a pulmonary artery catheter with the associated disadvantages of cost and potential for patient injury. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of noninvasive Svo2 measurement using a transtracheal pulse oximetry technique.

PAIN MEDICINE:

Jordi Pérez, Mark A. Ware, Stephanie Chevalier, Rejeanne Gougeon, and Yoram Shir

Dietary Omega-3 Fatty Acids May Be Associated with Increased Neuropathic Pain in Nerve-Injured Rats
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 444-448. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: We found that certain commonly used oils can have a significant analgesic effect in rats with persistent pain after partial nerve injury. This effect may be associated with the amounts of omega-3 fatty acids consumed by rats.

Jiro Kurata, Keith R. Thulborn, and Leonard L. Firestone

The Cross-Modal Interaction Between Pain-Related and Saccade-Related Cerebral Activation: A Preliminary Study by Event-Related Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 449-456. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Pain-related cerebral activation is enhanced by attention toward pain. It may involve top-down suppression over the unrelated neural networks of saccade.

Kris Vissers and Theo Meert

A Behavioral and Pharmacological Validation of the Acetone Spray Test in Gerbils with a Chronic Constriction Injury
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 457-464. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The acetone spray test is a multimodal and valuable tool in the evaluation of neuropathic pain behavior in gerbils.

ECONOMICS, EDUCATION, AND HEALTH SYSTEMS RESEARCH:

Franklin Dexter, Eric Marcon, Richard H. Epstein, and Johannes Ledolter

Validation of Statistical Methods to Compare Cancellation Rates on the Day of Surgery
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 465-473. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Operating room cancellation rates can be monitored statistically by considering the number of canceled and performed cases during each 4-week period, performing a transformation of each period's cancellation rate, and then applying Student's t-test. Methods such as the Fisher's exact test and {chi}2 test should be avoided for this application because they can give erroneous results.

Hector Vila, Jr, Robert A. Smith, Michael J. Augustyniak, Peter A. Nagi, Roy G. Soto, Thomas W. Ross, Alan B. Cantor, Jennifer M. Strickland, and Rafael V. Miguel

The Efficacy and Safety of Pain Management Before and After Implementation of Hospital-Wide Pain Management Standards: Is Patient Safety Compromised by Treatment Based Solely on Numerical Pain Ratings?
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 474-480. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Although patient satisfaction with pain management has significantly improved since the adoption of pain management standards, adverse drug reactions have more than doubled. For the treatment of pain to be safe and effective, we must consider more than just a one-dimensional numerical assessment of pain.

David O. Warner

Helping Surgical Patients Quit Smoking: Why, When, and How (Medical Intelligence)
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 481-487. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The scheduling of elective surgery provides an excellent opportunity for cigarette smokers to quit, given the deleterious effects of smoking on perioperative outcome and the potential for surgery to serve as a "teachable moment" to modify smoking behavior. There are now proven methods to help them do so.

CRITICAL CARE AND TRAUMA:

Balázs Hauser, Hendrik Bracht, Martin Matejovic, Peter Radermacher, and Balasubramanian Venkatesh

Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition in Sepsis? Lessons Learned from Large-Animal Studies (Review Article)
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 488-498. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Lukas Brander, Angelika Reil, Juergen Bux, Behrouz Mansouri Taleghani, Bruno Regli, and Jukka Takala

Severe Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 499-501. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is a potentially life-threatening, probably under-recognized and under-reported complication of transfusing blood products. Conservative transfusion strategies and preclusion of the implicated blood donors with granulocyte-reactive antibodies from future blood donation may prevent TRALI and potentially save lives.

NEUROSURGICAL ANESTHESIA:

John C. Keifer, Dimitar Dentchev, Kenneth Little, David S. Warner, Allan H. Friedman, and Cecil O. Borel

A Retrospective Analysis of a Remifentanil/Propofol General Anesthetic for Craniotomy Before Awake Functional Brain Mapping
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 502-508. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: An IV general anesthetic technique using remifentanil and propofol is an effective method allowing for reliable emergence for intraoperative awake functional brain mapping during craniotomy.

Christian Werner, Hong Lu, Kristin Engelhard, Nikolaus Unbehaun, and Eberhard Kochs

Sevoflurane Impairs Cerebral Blood Flow Autoregulation in Rats: Reversal by Nonselective Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 509-516. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The present study suggests that the volatile anesthetic sevoflurane dose-dependently impairs cerebrovascular autoregulation by mechanisms secondary to increase of perivascular nitric oxide availability.

Naoko Kurita, Masahiko Kawaguchi, Tohru Hoshida, Hiroyuki Nakase, Toshisuke Sakaki, and Hitoshi Furuya

The Effects of Sevoflurane and Hyperventilation on Electrocorticogram Spike Activity in Patients with Refractory Epilepsy
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 517-523. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Electrocorticogram can be used to define the location and extent of epileptic foci during epilepsy surgery. However, electrocorticogram can be affected by anesthetic technique. The present study found that sevoflurane concentration and hyperventilation affected the frequency and the extent of electrocorticogram spike activity in epileptic patients.

Sabine Himmelseher and Marcel E. Durieux

Revising a Dogma: Ketamine for Patients with Neurological Injury? (Medical Intelligence)
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 524-534. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Ketamine can be used safely in neurologically impaired patients under conditions of controlled ventilation, coadministration of a {gamma}-aminobutyric acid receptor agonist, and avoidance of nitrous oxide. Its beneficial circulatory effects and preclinical data demonstrating neuroprotection merit further animal and patient investigation.

OBSTETRIC ANESTHESIA:

Ingrid M. Browne, David J. Birnbach, Deborah J. Stein, David A. O'Gorman, and Maxine Kuroda

A Comparison of Espocan® and Tuohy Needles for the Combined Spinal-Epidural Technique for Labor Analgesia
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 535-540. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The use of modified epidural needles with a back hole for combined spinal-epidural technique significantly reduces paresthesia associated with the insertion of the spinal needle and is associated with more frequent successful spinal needle placement on the first attempt.

REGIONAL ANESTHESIA:

Shinichi Sakura, Yumiko Kirihara, Tomoko Muguruma, Tomomune Kishimoto, and Yoji Saito

The Comparative Neurotoxicity of Intrathecal Lidocaine and Bupivacaine in Rats
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 541-547. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Bupivacaine induces less severe functional impairment and morphologic damage than lidocaine when the two anesthetics are intrathecally administered at equipotent concentrations in the rat.

Wolfgang Zink, Jürgen R. E. Bohl, Nicola Hacke, Barbara Sinner, Eike Martin, and Bernhard M. Graf

The Long Term Myotoxic Effects of Bupivacaine and Ropivacaine After Continuous Peripheral Nerve Blocks
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 548-554. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: In a period of 4 wk after peripheral nerve block, both long-acting local anesthetics, bupivacaine and ropivacaine, produced calcific myonecrosis suggestive of irreversible skeletal muscle damage. In comparison with ropivacaine, however, the extent of bupivacaine-induced muscle lesions was significantly larger.

Hideyuki Higuchi, Yushi Adachi, and Tomiei Kazama

The Influence of Lumbosacral Cerebrospinal Fluid Volume on Extent and Duration of Hyperbaric Bupivacaine Spinal Anesthesia: A Comparison Between Seated and Lateral Decubitus Injection Positions
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 555-560. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Patient position during the spinal injection does not alter the influence of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volume on the spread of hyperbaric bupivacaine spinal anesthesia. However, CSF volume influences the duration of spinal sensory anesthesia when the injection is made with the patient in a seated position, but not in the lateral position.

Salahadin Abdi and Zongqi Yang

A Novel Technique for Experimental Stellate Ganglion Block in Rats
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 561-565. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: We describe a new technique for stellate ganglion block in rats that may be used in future studies to investigate the role of cervical sympathetic nervous system (especially the stellate ganglion) in regulating sympathetically maintained pain and myocardial function.

Marc De Kock, Patricia Lavand’homme, and Hilde Waterloos

The Short-Lasting Analgesia and Long-Term Antihyperalgesic Effect of Intrathecal Clonidine in Patients Undergoing Colonic Surgery
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 566-572. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Spinal clonidine contributes to the reduction of secondary hyperalgesia in patients recovering from abdominal surgery.

Neli Vintar, Narinder Rawal, and Matjaz Veselko

Intraarticular Patient-Controlled Regional Anesthesia After Arthroscopically Assisted Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: Ropivacaine/Morphine/Ketorolac Versus Ropivacaine/Morphine
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 573-578. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: This study showed the feasibility and efficacy of intraarticular patient-controlled regional analgesia technique for pain relief after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. The combination of intraarticular ropivacaine, morphine, and ketorolac was superior to control or to a combination of ropivacaine and morphine.

Klaus Galiano, Alois Albert Obwegeser, Gerd Bodner, Martin Freund, Herbert Maurer, Florian Stefan Kamelger, Reinhold Schatzer, and Franz Ploner

Ultrasound Guidance for Facet Joint Injections in the Lumbar Spine: A Computed Tomography-Controlled Feasibility Study (Technical Communication)
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 579-583. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: This study was designed to develop an ultrasound-guided approach to the facet joints of the lumbar spine and to assess its feasibility and accuracy by means of a comparison to computed tomography images. The imaging study demonstrated a significant correlation between ultrasound and computed tomography measurements. During simulated facet injection, ultrasound guidance consistently resulted in accurate needle placement.

Hany A. Mowafi

Digital Skin Blood Flow as an Indicator for Intravascular Injection of Epinephrine-Containing Simulated Epidural Test Dose in Sevoflurane-Anesthetized Adults (Technical Communication)
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 584-588. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: This study examined the efficacy of digital skin blood flow to detect an intravascular injection of an epinephrine-containing epidural test dose. This new variable when measured with a laser Doppler flowmeter was superior to conventional hemodynamic criteria during sevoflurane anesthesia.

Jean-Marc Bernard and Yann Péréon

Nerve Stimulation for Regional Anesthesia of the Face: Use of the Blink Reflex to Confirm the Localization of the Trigeminal Nerve (Brief Report)
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 589-591. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Elicitation of a blink response during nerve stimulation results in successful trigeminal block.

GENERAL ARTICLES:

Hawa Keita, Elisabeth Diouf, Florence Tubach, Tammo Brouwer, Souhayl Dahmani, Jean Mantz, and Jean-Marie Desmonts

Predictive Factors of Early Postoperative Urinary Retention in the Postanesthesia Care Unit
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 592-596. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: In this observational study, the ultrasound monitoring of bladder volume in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) revealed that postoperative urinary retention occurred with an incidence of 16%. Age (>=50 yr), amount of intraoperative fluid volume (>=750 mL), and bladder volume on entry to PACU (>=270 mL) were independent predictive factors for this complication.

Hans-Christian Jeske, Jan Borovicka, Achim von Goedecke, Christa Meyenberger, Thomas Heidegger, and Arnulf Benzer

The Influence of Postural Changes on Gastroesophageal Reflux and Barrier Pressure in Nonfasting Individuals
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 597-600. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Tilting of nonfasting individuals to the head-up or head-down position recommended for prevention of regurgitation of gastric contents does not influence the frequency of gastroesophageal reflux.

Girish P. Joshi

Intraoperative Fluid Restriction Improves Outcome After Major Elective Gastrointestinal Surgery (Medical Intelligence)
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 601-605. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

LETTER TO THE EDITOR:

Hakan Ergün

Pro-Drugs in In Vitro Experiments
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 606. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Peter Holzer and Michael K. Herbert

Pro-Drugs in In Vitro Experiments
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 606. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Patrick Bolton, John G. Brock-Utne, Andrew A. Zumaran, John Cummings, and Don Armstrong

A Simple Method to Identify an External Vaporizer Leak (the "SNIFF" Method)
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 606-607. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Nicholas M. Woodall, Robert J. Harwood, and Graham L. Barker

Lidocaine Toxicity in Volunteer Subjects Undergoing Awake Fiberoptic Intubation
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 607. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Colin P. Marsland, Kerryn M. Martin, Peter D. Larsen, and Reny Segal

Lidocaine Toxicity in Volunteer Subjects Undergoing Awake Fiberoptic Intubation
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 607. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Takafumi Horishita, Kouichiro Minami, Kazunori Koga, Junichi Ogata, and Takeyoshi Sata

Anesthetic Management Using Echocardiography for Surgery of Lower Extremity in a Patient with Ebstein’s Malformation
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 608. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Christian Siebert, Stefanie Kroeber, and Norbert Lutter

Prolonged Postoperative Disorientation After Methylene Blue Infusion During Parathyroidectomy
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 608-609. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Red Howard and Kevin Bach

Prolonged Postoperative Disorientation After Methylene Blue Infusion During Parathyroidectomy
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 609. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Philip J. Balestrieri

Intrathecal Morphine for Postpartum Bilateral Tubal Ligation
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 609. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Ashraf S. Habib and Terrance W. Breen

Intrathecal Morphine for Postpartum Bilateral Tubal Ligation
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 609-610. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Kimball Atwood

Awareness During Anesthesia
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 610. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Peter S. Sebel, T. Andrew Bowdle, Mohamed M. Ghoneim, Ira J. Rampil, Roger E. Padilla, Tong Joo Gan, and Karen B. Domino

Awareness During Anesthesia
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 610. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Vincent W. S. Chan

Ultrasound Evidence of Intraneural Injection
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 610-611. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Ingeborg Schafhalter-Zoppoth, Ivan D. Zeitz, and Andrew Gray

Ultrasound Evidence of Intraneural Injection
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 611. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Paul Rousseau

Existential Distress and Palliative Sedation
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 611-612. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Jeffrey A. Katz and Lundy Campbell

Fire During Thoracotomy: A Need to Control the Inspired Oxygen Concentration
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 612. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Vimi Rewari and Anjan Trikha

Intraoperative Detection of Tracheobronchial Placement of a Nasogastric Tube: A New Observational Method
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 612-613. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Prabhat Kumar Sinha and K. P. Unnikrishnan

Reduction in Requirement of Propofol During Combined Epidural (Bupivacaine) and General Anesthesia Guided by Bispectral Index
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 613. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Anil Agarwal and Sanjay Dhiraaj

Reduction in Requirement of Propofol During Combined Epidural (Bupivacaine) and General Anesthesia Guided by Bispectral Index
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 613-614. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Jacques H. Abraini, Hélène N. David, Eric T. MacKenzie, and Marc Lemaire

Postischemic Nitrous Oxide Alone Versus Intraischemic Nitrous Oxide in the Presence of Isoflurane: What It May Change for Neuroprotection Against Cerebral Stroke in the Rat
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 614. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

David S. Warner and Noriko Yokoo

Postischemic Nitrous Oxide Alone Versus Intraischemic Nitrous Oxide in the Presence of Isoflurane: What It May Change for Neuroprotection Against Cerebral Stroke in the Rat
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 614. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Albert Chen, Hsien-Yong Lai, Yi Lee, Yao-Lin Yang, Jyu-Shiou Ho, and Ming-Hwang Shyr

Anesthesia for Freeman-Sheldon Syndrome Using a Folded Laryngeal Mask Airway
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 614-615. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

BOOK AND MULTIMEDIA REVIEWS:

Jerrold H. Levy

Adult Perioperative Anesthesia: in The Requisites in Anesthesiology series.
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 616. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

David E. Longnecker

Careers in Anesthesiology: Autobiographical Memoirs, Vol VIII.
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 616-617. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Books and Multimedia Received
Anesth Analg 2005 101: 617. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

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