CARDIOVASCULAR ANESTHESIA:

Masato Nakasuji, Shinichi Nishi, Kae Nakasuji, Naoya Hamaoka, Kazutoshi Ikeshita, and Akira Asada

Duration of Dialysis Is a Significant Predictor of Prolonged Postoperative Mechanical Ventilation in Dialysis-Dependent Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 2-7. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: We demonstrated that duration of dialysis (>10 yr) and duration of surgery (>8 h) were independent risk factors of prolonged mechanical ventilation (>24 h) postoperatively in dialysis-dependent patients who had undergone cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.

W. Scott Beattie, Esam Abdelnaem, Duminda N. Wijeysundera, and D. Norman Buckley

A Meta-Analytic Comparison of Preoperative Stress Echocardiography and Nuclear Scintigraphy Imaging
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 8-16. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Data Supplement]  [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Meta-analytic comparison indicates that preoperative stress echocardiography has better negative predictive characteristics than thallium scintigraphic imaging.

Jan-Peter Braun, Torsten Schroeder, Sabine Buehner, Uday Jain, Ulrich Döpfmer, Josephine Schuster, Selcuk Bas, Ingolf Schimke, Pascal M. Dohmen, Herbert Lochs, Wolfgang Konertz, and Claudia Spies

Small-Dose Epoprostenol Decreases Systemic Oxygen Consumption and Splanchnic Oxygen Extraction During Normothermic Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 17-24. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Infusion of small-dose epoprostenol during cardiopulmonary bypass may reduce systemic oxygen consumption and splanchnic oxygen extraction.

Stephanie S. F. Fischer, Barbara Phillips-Bute, Madhav Swaminathan, Carmelo Milano, and Mark Stafford-Smith

Symmetry^TM Aortic Connector Devices and Acute Renal Injury: A Comparison of Renal Dysfunction After Three Different Aortocoronary Bypass Surgery Techniques
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 25-31. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: We did not find that SymmetryTM aortic connector devices, as part of off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery, reduce renal injury. Similarly, we found no benefit of off-pump coronary artery bypass with an aortic connector device over conventional on-pump surgery. These data suggest that reduction of renal risk alone should not be an indication for aortic connector devices in off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery.

Paul M. Heerdt, Stefan Klotz, and Daniel Burkhoff

Cardiomyopathic Etiology and SERCA2a Reverse Remodeling During Mechanical Support of the Failing Human Heart
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 32-37. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The study demonstrates that the nature of underlying heart disease may influence some aspects of myocardial recovery when a failing heart is supported with a mechanical assist device.

Shino Umehara, Makoto Tanaka, and Toshiaki Nishikawa

Effects of Sevoflurane Anesthesia on Carotid-Cardiac Baroreflex Responses in Humans
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 38-44. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The authors have found that sevoflurane depresses not only gain, but also the range of the cardiac baroreflex relation, indicating compromised buffering capacity of vagally mediated hemodynamic control. This may, in part, contribute to perioperative hemodynamic instability during sevoflurane anesthesia.

Mark A. Chaney

Intrathecal and Epidural Anesthesia and Analgesia for Cardiac Surgery (Review Article)
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 45-64. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

PEDIATRIC ANESTHESIA:

Santhanam Suresh and Steven C. Hall

Spinal Anesthesia in Infants: Is the Impractical Practical? (Editorial)
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 65-66. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Robert K. Williams, David C. Adams, Eva V. Aladjem, Joseph M. Kreutz, Kennith H. Sartorelli, Dennis W. Vane, and J. Christian Abajian

The Safety and Efficacy of Spinal Anesthesia for Surgery in Infants: The Vermont Infant Spinal Registry
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 67-71. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: This study confirms the very infrequent incidence of complications associated with infant spinal anesthesia in a large patient population. Infant spinal anesthesia can be safely and successfully performed in a time-efficient manner. Spinal anesthesia should be considered as an alternative to general anesthesia for infants undergoing appropriate surgical procedures.

Patrick M. Kochanek, Robert S. B. Clark, Kimberly D. Statler, and Larry W. Jenkins

Physiological Assessment and Control in Studies Evaluating Central Nervous System Injury: Should Size Matter? (Editorial)
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 72-74. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Andreas W. Loepke, John C. McCann, C. Dean Kurth, and John J. McAuliffe

The Physiologic Effects of Isoflurane Anesthesia in Neonatal Mice
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 75-80. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: In neonatal mice, hypoglycemia and acidosis occurred during isoflurane anesthesia. Survival during brain hypoxia-ischemia with isoflurane required mechanical ventilation, and arterial blood pressure decreased during hypoxia-ischemia similarly in anesthetized and unanesthetized animals, suggesting that neurodegeneration after isoflurane exposure could be related to hypoglycemia and that isoflurane administration during hypoxia-ischemia requires mechanical ventilation.

Zeev N. Kain, Alison A. Caldwell-Andrews, Inna Maranets, William Nelson, and Linda C. Mayes

Predicting Which Child-Parent Pair Will Benefit from Parental Presence During Induction of Anesthesia: A Decision-Making Approach (Brief Report)
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 81-84. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Parental presence reduces children's anxiety during induction of anesthesia depending on the interaction between child and parent's baseline anxiety.

Masaaki Tanino, Mamoru Takeuchi, Tatsuo Iwasaki, Yuichiro Toda, Katsunori Ohe, and Kiyoshi Morita

Relief of Bronchial Obstruction Using a Fogarty® Catheter in a Patient with Bronchomalacia (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 85-86. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Tracheobronchomalacia can be latent without showing any clinical manifestations and may be incidentally found during anesthesia. We report a case of unexpected bronchomalacia that caused obstruction of the left main bronchus during open-heart surgery in a child. The use of a Fogarty(R) catheter allowed successful relief of the obstruction.

AMBULATORY ANESTHESIA:

Brian M. Ilfeld, Peter F. Gearen, F. Kayser Enneking, Linda F. Berry, Eugene H. Spadoni, Steven Z. George, and Krista Vandenborne

Total Knee Arthroplasty as an Overnight-Stay Procedure Using Continuous Femoral Nerve Blocks at Home: A Prospective Feasibility Study (Brief Report)
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 87-90. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: It is feasible to convert a subset of knee arthroplasty surgeries into an overnight-stay procedure using a continuous femoral nerve block as part of a multimodal analgesic regimen provided at home. Additional data are required to define the appropriate subset of patients and incidence of complications associated with this practice before its mainstream use.

ANESTHETIC PHARMACOLOGY:

Ian D. H. McKay, Logan J. Voss, James W. Sleigh, John P. Barnard, and Ewa K. Johannsen

Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Modeling the Hypnotic Effect of Sevoflurane Using the Spectral Entropy of the Electroencephalogram
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 91-97. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Spectral entropy is a new electroencephalogram-derived value that may be useful for monitoring the effects of anesthetics. The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between sevoflurane concentration and spectral entropy of the electroencephalogram. We collected spectral entropy data during increasing and decreasing anesthesia from 20 patients.

Masana Yamada, Noboru Hatakeyama, Anna P. Malykhina, Mitsuaki Yamazaki, Yasunori Momose, and Hamid I. Akbarali

The Effects of Sevoflurane and Propofol on QT Interval and Heterologously Expressed Human Ether-A-Go-Go Related Gene Currents in Xenopus Oocytes
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 98-103. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Sevoflurane, but not propofol, prolonged QTc in guinea pig electrocardiogram recordings. The mechanisms of QT prolongation induced by sevoflurane include the inhibition of HERG channel current.

Åsa Österlund Modalen, Hans Quiding, Joana Frey, Lars Westman, and Sten Lindahl

A Novel Molecule with Peripheral Opioid Properties: The Effects on Hypercarbic and Hypoxic Ventilation at Steady-State Compared with Morphine and Placebo
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 104-109. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Frakefamide, a novel analgesic, did not depress hypercapnic or hypoxic ventilation, which indicates that it does not cause central depression and hence is not likely to cross the blood-brain barrier.

Myriam Tirault, Nicolas Derrode, David Clevenot, Delphine Rolland, Dominique Fletcher, and Bertrand Debaene

The Effect of Nefopam on Morphine Overconsumption Induced by Large-Dose Remifentanil During Propofol Anesthesia for Major Abdominal Surgery
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 110-117. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Postoperative morphine overconsumption occurred after large-dose remifentanil and propofol anesthesia for major abdominal surgery during the early postoperative period. Pretreatment with nefopam could be a useful strategy to prevent this pain sensitization induced by opioids.

Alan D. Kaye, Amir Baluch, James Phelps, Syed R. Baber, Ikhlass N. Ibrahim, Jason M. Hoover, Cuihua Zhang, and Aaron Fields

An Analysis of Remifentanil in the Pulmonary Vascular Bed of the Cat
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 118-123. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The opioid receptor has been investigated in the nervous system. Opioids such as remifentanil interact with receptors to provide analgesia and other benefits. The results of this investigation attempt to better understand the role of opioid and histamine receptors in the lung vasculature and the effect of remifentanil at such receptors. Implications of this study include a better understanding of opioids in the pulmonary vasculature and anesthetic/critical care pharmacological strategies for patients with pulmonary hypertensive states.

Stefan K. Georgiev, Ayako Wakai, Tatsuro Kohno, Tomohiro Yamakura, and Hiroshi Baba

Actions of Norepinephrine and Isoflurane on Inhibitory Synaptic Transmission in Adult Rat Spinal Cord Substantia Gelatinosa Neurons
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 124-128. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: This is the first electrophysiological study to examine the interaction between isoflurane and norepinephrine at the rat spinal cord. The results demonstrate that both drugs facilitate the inhibitory synaptic transmission and may explain their antinociceptive effects.

Jian-Xin Zhou, Nan-Fu Luo, Xiao-Min Liang, and Jin Liu

The Efficacy and Safety of Intravenous Emulsified Isoflurane in Rats
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 129-134. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Anesthesia was successfully induced in rats by IV emulsified isoflurane with a safety index and safety factor comparable to propofol. Recovery of anesthesia after IV emulsified isoflurane was faster than with propofol.

Xuejing Liu, Tat Leang Lee, and Peter T.-H. Wong

Cyclooxygenase-1 Inhibition Shortens the Duration of Diazepam-Induced Loss of Righting Reflex in Mice
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 135-140. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The finding that cyclooxygenase-1 inhibition decreases diazepam-induced loss of righting reflex in mice may warrant clinical trials to study the potential implications for the clinical use of benzodiazepines in patients taking nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs for a prolonged period of time.

Jeroen P. Beekwilder, Gertrudis Th.H. van Kempen, Rutgeris J. van den Berg, and Dirk L. Ypey

The Local Anesthetic Butamben Inhibits and Accelerates Low-Voltage Activated T-Type Currents in Small Sensory Neurons
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 141-145. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The mechanism underlying ultralong analgesia by epidural butamben suspensions is poorly understood. T-type calcium channels have been linked to pain signaling. This patch-clamp study shows that T-type currents are inhibited by butamben and may therefore serve as targets in butamben's analgesic action.

Thomas P. Enggaard, Lars Poulsen, Lars Arendt-Nielsen, Kim Brøsen, Joachim Ossig, and Søren H. Sindrup

The Analgesic Effect of Tramadol After Intravenous Injection in Healthy Volunteers in Relation to CYP2D6
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 146-150. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Seven percent of Caucasians lack the P450 enzyme CYP2D6, which forms the active metabolite (+)-M1 from tramadol. (+)-M1 is an opioid. The effects of an IV injection of 100 mg of tramadol in human experimental pain models indicate that CYP2D6 is required to induce an opioid effect from tramadol.

Mohamed Naguib, Abdulhamid H. Samarkandi, Mansour Emad El-Din, Khaled Abdullah, Mazen Khaled, and Saleh W. Alharby

The Dose of Succinylcholine Required for Excellent Endotracheal Intubating Conditions
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 151-155. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Doses as large as 2.0 mg/kg of succinylcholine do not guarantee excellent intubating conditions within 60 s in 90% of patients. The calculated doses of succinylcholine (and their 95% confidence intervals) that are required to achieve excellent intubating conditions in 50% and 80% of patients at 60 s are 0.39 (0.29-0.51) mg/kg and 1.6 (1.2-2.0) mg/kg, respectively.

TECHNOLOGY, COMPUTING, AND SIMULATION:

Woon-Young Kim, Yoon-Sook Lee, Se-Jin Ok, Moon-Seok Chang, Jae-Hwan Kim, Young-Cheol Park, and Hye-Ja Lim

Lidocaine Does Not Prevent Bispectral Index Increases in Response to Endotracheal Intubation
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 156-159. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Lidocaine attenuated hemodynamic responses to intubation and decreased bispectral index after induction of anesthesia but did not prevent bispectral index increases in response to endotracheal intubation.

Paul F. White, Jun Tang, Gladys F. Romero, Ronald H. Wender, Robert Naruse, Alexander Sloninsky, and Robert Kariger

A Comparison of State and Response Entropy Versus Bispectral Index Values During the Perioperative Period (Technical Communication)
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 160-167. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The electroencephalographic-based Entropy module seems to be a cost-equivalent alternative to the bispectral index (BIS) monitor for assessing the level of consciousness and also for titrating IV (e.g., propofol) and volatile (e.g., desflurane) anesthetics during general anesthesia. However, the Entropy module experienced less interference from electrosurgical artifact than the BIS monitor.

Samsun Lampotang, D. E. Lizdas, N. Gravenstein, and S. Robicsek

An Audible Indication of Exhalation Increases Delivered Tidal Volume During Bag Valve Mask Ventilation of a Patient Simulator
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 168-171. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Self-inflating manual resuscitators can mislead caregivers because the bag reinflates even without patient exhalation and thus without effective ventilation. This simulator-based study suggests that, for novices and experts alike, real-time feedback of exhaled tidal volume such as an audible indicator may improve bag valve mask ventilation of patients.

Rajnish Prasad, Zenaide Quezado, Arthur St. Andre, and Naomi P. O'Grady

Fires in the Operating Room and Intensive Care Unit: Awareness is the Key to Prevention (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 172-174. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: We report on a fire that occurred in the operating room, review the components required to created fires, and outline some strategies to prevent them.

PAIN MEDICINE:

A. Turan, P. F. White, B. Karamanlioglu, D. Memis, M. Tasdogan, Z. Pamukçu, and E. Yavuz

Gabapentin: An Alternative to the Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors for Perioperative Pain Management
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 175-181. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: We examined the effects of perioperative oral gabapentin 1.2 g, rofecoxib 50 mg, and their combination on postoperative pain and morphine consumption, as well as recovery of bowel function, resumption of normal activities, and patient satisfaction. Gabapentin, 1.2 g per os, appears to be a possible alternative to rofecoxib, 50 mg per os, for use as an adjuvant to patient-controlled analgesia morphine after abdominal hysterectomy procedures. Analogous to the cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, the use of gabapentin reduced postoperative pain and the need for opioid analgesic medication, thereby facilitating recovery of bowel function and significantly increasing patient satisfaction with pain management.

Jen-Kun Cheng, Chien-Chuan Chen, Jia-Rung Yang, and Lih-Chu Chiou

The Antiallodynic Action Target of Intrathecal Gabapentin: Ca²⁺ Channels, K_ATP Channels or N-Methyl-d-Aspartic Acid Receptors?
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 182-187. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Using a rat model of postoperative pain, this study explored the roles of adenosine triphosphate-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels, N-methyl-d-aspartic acid NMDA receptors, and Ca2+ channels in the antinociceptive action of intrathecal gabapentin. It is suggested that spinal N-type Ca2+ channels, but not KATP channels or NMDA receptors, might be involved in the gabapentin-induced analgesic effect.

Eugene R. Viscusi, Lowell Reynolds, Stacy Tait, Timothy Melson, and Linda E. Atkinson

An Iontophoretic Fentanyl Patient-Activated Analgesic Delivery System for Postoperative Pain: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 188-194. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The results of this clinical trial demonstrate the superiority of the fentanyl HCl patient-activated transdermal system compared with placebo for the control of acute postoperative pain.

Jin-Woo Shin, Kyu-Sam Hwang, Yoo-Kyung Kim, Jeong-Gill Leem, and Cheong Lee

Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs Suppress Pain-Related Behaviors, but Not Referred Hyperalgesia of Visceral Pain in Mice
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 195-200. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs reduced pain-related behaviors and plasma extravasation induced by intracolonic administration of mustard oil in mice but had little effect on referred hyperalgesia on the abdomen, foot and tail.

Yuan-Yi Chia, Ting-Hang Chang, Kang Liu, Huang-Chou Chang, Nai-Hua Ko, and Ying-Ming Wang

The Efficacy of Thoracic Epidural Neostigmine Infusion After Thoracotomy
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 201-208. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Preoperative use of epidural neostigmine for thoracotomy patients followed by continuous infusion during surgery and extended into the postoperative period (e.g., for 6 days) provided preemptive, preventive analgesia and an analgesic-sparing effect that improved postoperative analgesia without increasing the incidence of adverse effects.

ECONOMICS, EDUCATION, AND HEALTH SYSTEMS RESEARCH:

Stephen J. Kimatian

Postgraduate Medical Education: How Do We Know It's Working? (Editorial)
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 209-212. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Steven H. Rose and Christopher M. Burkle

Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education Competencies and the American Board of Anesthesiology Clinical Competence Committee: A Comparison
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 212-216. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: This study compares recent policies for assessment of competence required by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education with a well established method used to assess the competence of anesthesiology residents. A more comprehensive evaluation of competence may be useful in providing better formative feedback to improve resident performance.

CRITICAL CARE AND TRAUMA:

Juraj Sprung, Matthew J. Ritter, Charanjit S. Rihal, Mary E. Warner, Gregory A. Wilson, Brent A. Williams, Susanna R. Stevens, Darrell R. Schroeder, Denis L. Bourke, and David O. Warner

Outcomes of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Predictors of Survival in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography Including Percutaneous Coronary Interventions
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 217-224. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The incidence of cardiac arrests requiring full cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) during diagnostic or interventional coronary artery procedures decreased after 1995. Of patients who received CPR in the cardiac catheterization lab, 56.1% survived to be discharged. Long-term survival of these patients is only minimally reduced.

Arash Pirat, Pinar Zeyneloglu, Derya Aldemir, Muammer Yücel, Özlem Özen, Selim Candan, and Gülnaz Arslan

Pretreatment with Simvastatin Reduces Lung Injury Related to Intestinal Ischemia-Reperfusion in Rats
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 225-232. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: This study demonstrates the efficacy of prophylactic simvastatin for reducing the severity of acute lung injury in a rat model of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion.

Katsuyuki Terajima, Takesi Yamamoto, Hidetaka Onodera, Shinhiro Takeda, Keiji Tanaka, and Atsuhiro Sakamoto

Unmasking of Brugada Syndrome by an Antiarrhythmic Drug in a Patient with Septic Shock (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 233-236. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The use of an antiarrhythmic drug and {alpha}-adrenergic stimulation can unexpectedly unmask Brugada syndrome that has previously been asymptomatic. Brugada syndrome should be considered as a potential cause of lethal ventricular tachyarrhythmia in patients with sepsis.

NEUROSURGICAL ANESTHESIA:

Pirjo H. Manninen, Mrinalini Balki, Karolinah Lukitto, and Mark Bernstein

Patient Satisfaction with Awake Craniotomy for Tumor Surgery: A Comparison of Remifentanil and Fentanyl in Conjunction with Propofol
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 237-242. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The use of remifentanil and propofol when compared with fentanyl and propofol was not different in the ability to maintain adequate sedation, analgesia, and hemodynamic stability or in the incidence of complications during awake craniotomy for tumor surgery. Patient satisfaction was high for both techniques.

OBSTETRIC ANESTHESIA:

Hilde C. Coppejans, Ellen Hendrickx, Joris Goossens, and Marcel P. Vercauteren

The Sitting Versus Right Lateral Position During Combined Spinal-Epidural Anesthesia for Cesarean Delivery: Block Characteristics and Severity of Hypotension
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 243-247. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: When the spinal component of combined spinal-epidural anesthesia for cesarean delivery is performed in the sitting position there is a decreased severity of hemodynamic change, possibly related to the more limited local anesthetic spread.

REGIONAL ANESTHESIA:

Jeffrey M. Richman, Spencer S. Liu, Genevieve Courpas, Robert Wong, Andrew J. Rowlingson, John McGready, Seth R. Cohen, and Christopher L. Wu

Does Continuous Peripheral Nerve Block Provide Superior Pain Control to Opioids? A Meta-Analysis
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 248-257. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The use of continuous peripheral nerve block has been suggested in many small trials to potentially offer improved analgesia and decreased side effects compared with opioids. A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials examining this comparison demonstrates decreased pain and decreased opioid-related side effects with continuous peripheral nerve block.

Jaime Rodríguez, Manuel Taboada, Javier Carceller, Juan Lagunilla, Maria Bárcena, and Julián Álvarez

Stimulating Popliteal Catheters for Postoperative Analgesia After Hallux Valgus Repair
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 258-262. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Stimulating catheter placement at the popliteal fossa increased analgesia after hallux valgus repair when compared with catheters placed without stimulation.

Ali Movafegh, Mehran Razazian, Fatemeh Hajimaohamadi, and Alipasha Meysamie

Dexamethasone Added to Lidocaine Prolongs Axillary Brachial Plexus Blockade
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 263-267. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: In evaluating the effect of dexamethasone added to lidocaine on the onset and duration of axillary brachial plexus block, we found that the addition of dexamethasone to lidocaine can prolong the duration of sensory and motor blockade without changing the onset time.

W. Anton Visser, Mathieu J. M. Gielen, and Janneke L. P. Giele

Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Breathing Increases the Spread of Sensory Blockade After Low-Thoracic Epidural Injection of Lidocaine
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 268-271. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Applying continuous positive airway pressure during low-thoracic epidural injection of local anesthetics resulted in an increased number of segments blocked, primarily by a more caudad extension of sensory blockade.

Young-Chang P. Arai, Wasa Ueda, Eri Takimoto, and Masanobu Manabe

The Influence of Hyperbaric Bupivacaine Temperature on the Spread of Spinal Anesthesia
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 272-275. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: A modest increase in cephalad spread of hyperbaric bupivacaine subarachnoid block was achieved by warming the solution to 37{degrees}C.

Mischa J. G. Simon, Bernadette T. Veering, Arie A. Vletter, Rudolf Stienstra, Jack W. van Kleef, and Anton G. L. Burm

The Effect of Age on the Systemic Absorption and Systemic Disposition of Ropivacaine after Epidural Administration
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 276-282. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Peter Gerner, Venkatesh Srinivasa, Anthony M. Zizza, Zhi-Ye Zhuang, ShiHua Luo, David Zurakowski, Sunil Eappen, and GingKuo Wang

Doxepin by Topical Application and Intrathecal Route in Rats
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 283-287. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Topical application of the tricyclic antidepressant doxepin displays dose-dependent antinociception. When administered intrathecally at concentrations of 10 and 20 mM, doxepin has local anesthetic properties similar to bupivacaine at 23 mM (0.75%),but appears neurotoxic at 50 mM.

A. Faust, R. Fournier, O. Hagon, P. Hoffmeyer, and Z. Gamulin

Partial Sensory and Motor Deficit of Ipsilateral Lower Limb After Continuous Interscalene Brachial Plexus Block (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 288-290. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: During a continuous interscalene brachial plexus block, we observed a transient neurological impairment of the ipsilateral lower limb that can be attributed to an epidural administration of local anesthetic.

GENERAL ARTICLES:

Frank F. Buchanan, Paul S. Myles, Kate Leslie, Andrew Forbes, and Flavia Cicuttini

Gender and Recovery After General Anesthesia Combined with Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 291-297. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Women recover faster from a general anesthetic than men. In this study we found that this may be because women are less sensitive to the hypnotic effects of anesthetic drugs than men.

Francis X. Whalen, Ognjen Gajic, Geoffrey B. Thompson, Michael L. Kendrick, Florencia L. Que, Brent A. Williams, Michael J. Joyner, Rolf D. Hubmayr, David O. Warner, and Juraj Sprung

The Effects of the Alveolar Recruitment Maneuver and Positive End-Expiratory Pressure on Arterial Oxygenation During Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 298-305. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The alveolar recruitment maneuver may effectively improve intraoperative oxygenation during bariatric surgery; however, these effects were limited to the intraoperative course and dissipated immediately after tracheal extubation.

Thomas Mencke, Matthias Echternach, Peter K. Plinkert, Ulrich Johann, Nazan Afan, Hauke Rensing, Gabriele Noeldge-Schomburg, Heike Knoll, and Reinhard Larsen

Does the Timing of Tracheal Intubation Based on Neuromuscular Monitoring Decrease Laryngeal Injury? A Randomized, Prospective, Controlled Trial
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 306-312. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The present study demonstrated that neuromuscular monitoring improved endotracheal intubating conditions. However, tracheal intubation at maximum intensity of neuromuscular block was not associated with a decrease in vocal cord injuries.

Edwin B. Liem, Sandra C. Hollensead, Teresa V. Joiner, and Daniel I. Sessler

Women with Red Hair Report a Slightly Increased Rate of Bruising but Have Normal Coagulation Tests
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 313-318. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Hemostatic abnormalities have been reported for redheads, but we were unable to identify any abnormality using routine clinical coagulation testing.

Mathias Hohlrieder, Christian Keller, Joseph Brimacombe, Stephan Eschertzhuber, Günter Luckner, Irene Abraham, and Achim von Goedecke

Middle Ear Pressure Changes During Anesthesia With or Without Nitrous Oxide are Similar Among Airway Devices
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 319-321. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The choice of airway device does not influence middle ear pressure during anesthesia among the orally inserted tracheal tube, classic laryngeal mask airway, ProSeal laryngeal mask airway and laryngeal tube suction with or without N2O in the gas mixture.

Christopher M. Burkle, Michael T. Walsh, Shepherd G. Pryor, and Jan L. Kasperbauer

Severe Postextubation Laryngeal Obstruction: The Role of Prior Neck Dissection and Radiation (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 322-325. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: We present a case of a patient who had previous extensive neck dissection surgery and required emergent tracheostomy placement after surgery several years later.

LETTER TO THE EDITOR:

Donald H. Lambert

Cardiac Arrest During Neuraxial Anesthesia: Are All Databases Comparable?
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 326. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

John Pollard

Is Local Anesthetic Overdose the Most Common Cause of Neuraxial Cardiac Arrest?
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 326. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Leo I. Stemp

Bradycardia and Asystole During Neuraxial Anesthesia
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 326-327. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Sandra L. Kopp and Terese T. Horlocker

Bradycardia and Asystole During Neuraxial Anesthesia
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 327. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Jeffrey S. Lee

Possible Air Embolism During Eye Surgery
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 327-328. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Jesse H. Marymont, Glenn S. Murphy, and Hugh C. Gilbert

Intraoperative Heparin and Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 328. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Surendar K. Malhotra and Dhiraj Nakra

Smoke in the Operating Room Complex: A Rare Incident of Internal Disaster
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 328-329. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Lloyd Craker, Bruce Allan, and Michael Lim

Introducer Catheter for Fiberoptic Intubation Does Exist
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 329. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Govind R. Rajan

Introducer Catheter for Fiberoptic Intubation Does Exist
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 329-330. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Nicol C. Voermans, Ben J. Crul, BertJan de Bondt, Machiel J. Zwarts, and Baziel G. M. van Engelen

Permanent Loss of Cervical Spinal Cord Function Associated with the Posterior Approach
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 330-331. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Michael Mitton

GE Healthcare Response to Dangerous Design Flaw in the Ohmeda Aespire Anesthesia System
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 331-332. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

George Mychaskiw, II and Steve Morris

GE Healthcare Response to Dangerous Design Flaw in the Ohmeda Aespire Anesthesia System
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 332. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Thi Aurore Marcou, Alexandre Mignon, and Yves Ozier

Could an Epidural Hematoma After Neuraxial Blockade Really Be Idiopathic?
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 332. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

H. A. Hyderally

Could an Epidural Hematoma After Neuraxial Blockade Really Be Idiopathic?
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 332-333. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Wonsik Ahn and Chul Woo Jung

A Comparison of the Vasotrac with Invasive Arterial Blood Pressure Monitoring
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 333. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Alex Butwick and Brendan Carvalho

Remifentanil Patient-Controlled Analgesia in Labor
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 333. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Shmuel Evron and Tiberiu Ezri

Remifentanil Patient-Controlled Analgesia in Labor
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 333. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Ashutosh Bhardwaj, Saad N. Kidwai, Vijayata Verma, Nazish Nabi, Meraj Ahmad, and Rashid M. Khan

Continuous Anesthetic Insufflation and Topical Anesthesia of the Airway Using Trachlight in Chronic Facial Burns
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 334. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Evan G. Pivalizza

TEG^TM and Perioperative Hypercoagulability
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 334-335. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Elliott Bennett-Guerrero

TEG^TM and Perioperative Hypercoagulability
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 335. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

BOOK AND MULTIMEDIA REVIEWS:

Richard Kuntz and Jeffrey B. Gross

Capnography: Clinical Aspects
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 336. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Talmage D. Egan

Pharmacology for Anaesthesiologists
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 336-337. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Daniel T. Redford

Understanding Ultrasound Physics
Anesth Analg 2006 102: 337. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

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