EDITORIALS:

Ronald D. Miller

Sugammadex: An Opportunity to Change the Practice of Anesthesiology? (Editorial)
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 477-478. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Lex W. Schultheis and Bob A. Rappaport

The Food and Drug Administration Perspective: Use of an Investigational Drug in a Medical Emergency (Editorial)
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 479-480. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Achim von Goedecke, Holger Herff, Peter Paal, Volker Dörges, and Volker Wenzel

Field Airway Management Disasters (Editorial)
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 481-483. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Jean-Louis Vincent

The Pros and Cons of Hydroxyethyl Starch Solutions (Editorial)
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 484-486. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Paul F. White and Henrik Kehlet

Postoperative Pain Management and Patient Outcome: Time to Return to Work! (Editorial)
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 487-489. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

CARDIOVASCULAR ANESTHESIA:

Peter L. Bailey, Laurent G. Glance, Michael P. Eaton, Bob Parshall, and Scott McIntosh

A Survey of the Use of Ultrasound During Central Venous Catheterization
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 491-497. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Data Supplement]  [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: A survey of members of the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists indicates that ultrasound use to guide placement of central venous catheters is not routinely used in clinical practice, despite recent patient safety recommendations.

Daniel Bolliger, Franziska Bernet, Miodrag Filipovic, and Manfred D. Seeberger

A Rare Cause for Severe Mitral Regurgitation After Mitral Valve Replacement (Echo Rounds)
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 498-499. [Full Text] [PDF] [Echo Loops]  [Request Permissions]  

Srikantha L. Rao and Stuart R. Auerbach

Severe Acute Aortic Regurgitation due to Aortic Dissection (Echo Rounds)
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 500-501. [Full Text] [PDF] [Echo Loops]  [Request Permissions]  

Joshua D. Stearns, Wilson Y. Szeto, and Albert T. Cheung

Echocardiographic Evidence of the Brockenbrough–Braunwald–Morrow Sign After Mitral Valve Repair (Echo Rounds)
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 502-503. [Full Text] [PDF] [Echo Loops]  [Request Permissions]  

Noriko Shimode, Sachiko Yada, Yukari Okano, Chikara Tashiro, Toshihiro Ohata, and Yuji Miyamoto

Papillary Fibroelastoma of the Root of the Left Atrial Appendage Found Incidentally by Transesophageal Echocardiography During Cardiac Surgery (Echo Rounds)
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 504-505. [Full Text] [PDF] [Echo Loops]  [Request Permissions]  

Mark S. Adams and Theodore A. Alston

Echocardiographic Reflections on a Pericardium (Echo Rounds)
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 506. [Full Text] [PDF] [Echo Loops]  [Request Permissions]  

Viji Kurup, Albert Perrino, Jr, Paul Barash, and Sabet W. Hashim

Infundibular Pulmonary Stenosis (Echo Rounds)
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 507-508. [Full Text] [PDF] [Echo Loops]  [Request Permissions]  

PEDIATRIC ANESTHESIA:

R. Daniel Mellon, Arthur F. Simone, and Bob A. Rappaport

Use of Anesthetic Agents in Neonates and Young Children (Special Article)
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 509-520. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Animal studies suggest that neurodegeneration, with possible cognitive sequelae, is a potential long-term risk of anesthetics in neonatal and young pediatric patients. There are no data to support recommending that any anesthetic or regimen is safer than any other. The Food and Drug Administration anticipates working with the anesthesia community and pharmaceutical industry to develop strategies for further assessing the safety of anesthetics in neonates and young children, and for providing data to guide clinicians in making the most informed decisions possible.

Mario J. Carmosino, Robert H. Friesen, Aimee Doran, and Dunbar D. Ivy

Perioperative Complications in Children with Pulmonary Hypertension Undergoing Noncardiac Surgery or Cardiac Catheterization
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 521-527. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Children with suprasystemic pulmonary hypertension have a significant risk of life-threatening complications when they undergo general anesthesia or sedation for noncardiac surgery or cardiac catheterization.

Jeong-Rim Lee, Seong-Deok Kim, Chong-Sung Kim, Tae-Gyoon Yoon, and Hee-Soo Kim

Minimum Alveolar Concentration of Sevoflurane for Laryngeal Mask Airway Removal in Anesthetized Children
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 528-531. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Laryngeal mask airway removal may be accomplished without coughing, moving, or any other airway complication at 1.84% end-tidal sevoflurane concentration in 50% of anesthetized children.

Giovanni Cucchiaro and Arjunan Ganesh

The Effects of Clonidine on Postoperative Analgesia After Peripheral Nerve Blockade in Children
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 532-537. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: This study demonstrates that the addition of clonidine to ropivacaine or bupivacaine increases the duration of the sensory component of a peripheral block in children, but that it also increases motor component as well.

Brad L. Steenwyk, James K. Kirklin, William Q. Gurley, and Vance G. Nielsen

The Hemostatic History of a 15-Month-Old Child Implanted with a Berlin Heart Left Ventricular Assist Device (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 538-540. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: We documented the hemostatic changes associated with placement of a EXCOR(R) Berlin Heart left ventricular assist device in a 15-month-old child before heart transplantation. When managing patients with a Berlin Heart, consideration of hypercoagulable features and anticoagulant therapy must be made to maximize patient safety.

AMBULATORY ANESTHESIA:

Andrea Michalek-Sauberer, Harald Heinzl, Sabine M. Sator-Katzenschlager, Gabriel Monov, Erich Knolle, and Hans Georg Kress

Perioperative Auricular Electroacupuncture Has No Effect on Pain and Analgesic Consumption After Third Molar Tooth Extraction
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 542-547. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Auricular acupuncture, with or without electrostimulation, did not affect postoperative pain or analgesic drug consumption within the first 48 h after mandibular third molar tooth extraction in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Ashraf S. Habib, Johnatan Reuveni, Akiko Taguchi, William D. White, and Tong J. Gan

A Comparison of Ondansetron with Promethazine for Treating Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Patients Who Received Prophylaxis with Ondansetron: A Retrospective Database Analysis (Brief Report)
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 548-551. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: In a retrospective database analysis, promethazine was significantly more effective than a repeat dose of ondansetron for the treatment of established postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in the postanesthesia care unit in patients who received PONV prophylaxis with ondansetron.

Edna Zohar, Yossi Noga, Uri Rislick, Ilan Leibovitch, and Brian Fredman

Intrathecal Anesthesia for Elderly Patients Undergoing Short Transurethral Procedures: A Dose-Finding Study (Brief Report)
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 552-554. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Four intrathecal anesthetic techniques were compared among elderly people (>=65 yr) undergoing short transurethral procedures. Of the doses investigated, bupivacaine 4 mg plus fentanyl 20 {micro}g, was associated with adequate analgesia, hemodynamic stability and favorable recovery.

ANESTHETIC PHARMACOLOGY:

Scott B. Groudine, Roy Soto, Cynthia Lien, David Drover, and Kevin Roberts

A Randomized, Dose-Finding, Phase II Study of the Selective Relaxant Binding Drug, Sugammadex, Capable of Safely Reversing Profound Rocuronium-Induced Neuromuscular Block
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 555-562. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: This study examined the safety, dosing, and efficacy of the first selective relaxant binding agent, sugammadex. Sugammadex can safely and quickly reverse a profound rocuronium-induced, neuromuscular block. The drug was well tolerated by all subjects. The speed of complete recovery (T4/T1ratio of 0.9) was dose dependent. A dose of 2 mg/kg of sugammadex consistently produced complete recovery from deep neuromuscular block.

Bernard F. Vanacker, Karel M. Vermeyen, Michel M. R. F. Struys, Henk Rietbergen, Eugene Vandermeersch, Vera Saldien, Alain F. Kalmar, and Martine E. Prins

Reversal of Rocuronium-Induced Neuromuscular Block with the Novel Drug Sugammadex Is Equally Effective Under Maintenance Anesthesia with Propofol or Sevoflurane
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 563-568. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Sevoflurane enhances the effects of neuromuscular blocking drugs. This study clearly demonstrates that the novel reversal drug, sugammadex, 2 mg/kg, administered at reappearance of T2, was equally effective at reversing rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block in anesthetized patients maintained on propofol or sevoflurane anesthesia.

Ozlem Sacan, Paul F. White, Burcu Tufanogullari, and Kevin Klein

Sugammadex Reversal of Rocuronium-Induced Neuromuscular Blockade: A Comparison with Neostigmine–Glycopyrrolate and Edrophonium–Atropine
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 569-574. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Use of the cyclodextrin reversal drug, sugammadex, (4 mg/kg IV) was associated with a more rapid reversal of the train-of-four (TOF) to 0.9 after rocuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade (107 {+/-} 61 s) when compared with edrophonium (331 {+/-} 27 s) or neostigmine (1044 {+/-} 590 s). More importantly, 75% of the patients in the sugammadex group achieved a TOF of 0.9 at 2 min after reversal compared with none in the two anticholinesterase groups. Sugammadex was also associated with less dry mouth than that with the conventional reversal drug combinations in the early postoperative period.

Mohamed Naguib

Sugammadex: Another Milestone in Clinical Neuromuscular Pharmacology (Medical Intelligence)
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 575-581. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: This article addresses the unique characteristics of sugammadex and describes how this drug is likely to change anesthesia practice.

Douglas J. Eleveld, Karel Kuizenga, Johannes H. Proost, and J. Mark K. H. Wierda

A Temporary Decrease in Twitch Response During Reversal of Rocuronium-Induced Muscle Relaxation with a Small Dose of Sugammadex (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 582-584. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: A temporary decrease in twitch response was observed during reversal of rocuronium-induced muscle relaxation with a small dose of sugammadex. Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model simulations indicate that redistribution may play a role, and that a sufficiently large dose of sugammadex prevents muscle relaxation rebound.

Adam Lenz, Gary Hill, and Paul F. White

Emergency Use of Sugammadex After Failure of Standard Reversal Drugs (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 585-586. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Sugammadex (350 mg IV) rapidly reversed acute respiratory distress in the postanesthesia care unit due to vecuronium-related residual neuromuscular blockade in a renal failure patient who was inadequately reversed with a maximal dose (5 mg IV) of neostigmine.

Derek J. Sakata, Nishant A. Gopalakrishnan, Joseph A. Orr, Julia L. White, and Dwayne R. Westenskow

Hypercapnic Hyperventilation Shortens Emergence Time from Isoflurane Anesthesia
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 587-591. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Emergence time after isoflurane anesthesia was shortened by 59% when hyperventilation rapidly removed anesthetic from the lungs and hypercapnia increased cerebral bloodflow. Hypercapnic hyperventilation should be considered when rapid emergence after isoflurane anesthesia is important.

TECHNOLOGY, COMPUTING, AND SIMULATION:

Sachin Kheterpal, Ruchika Gupta, James M. Blum, Kevin K. Tremper, Michael O’Reilly, and Paul E. Kazanjian

Electronic Reminders Improve Procedure Documentation Compliance and Professional Fee Reimbursement
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 592-597. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Automatic electronic reminders generated by an anesthesia information system can improve procedure documentation and lead to a more complete record as well as increased reimbursement.

Hermann Heinze, Bernhard Schaaf, Jochen Grefer, Karl Klotz, and Wolfgang Eichler

The Accuracy of the Oxygen Washout Technique for Functional Residual Capacity Assessment During Spontaneous Breathing
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 598-604. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Functional residual capacity (FRC) measurement by the oxygen washout method in healthy spontaneously breathing volunteers has an acceptable bias when compared with FRC measurements using helium dilution and body plethysmography, although limits of agreement could be improved.

Luis I. Cortínez, Alejandro E. Delfino, Ricardo Fuentes, and Hernán R. Muñoz

Performance of the Cerebral State Index During Increasing Levels of Propofol Anesthesia: A Comparison with the Bispectral Index
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 605-610. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: We compared the cerebral state monitor with the bispectral index (BIS) during propofol anesthesia. The cerebral state index (CSI) stabilized at 60-40 when the propofol concentration increased from 5 to 8 {micro}g/mL. The BIS stabilized at 40-20 when the propofol concentration increased from 7 to 10 {micro}g/mL. This suggests that BIS may be a more useful index for evaluating intermediate anesthetic levels, whereas CSI may be better for evaluating deeper anesthetic levels.

Karim Lakhal, Xavier Delplace, Jean-Philippe Cottier, François Tranquart, Xavier Sauvagnac, Colette Mercier, Jacques Fusciardi, and Marc Laffon

The Feasibility of Ultrasound to Assess Subglottic Diameter (Technical Communication)
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 611-614. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Using magnetic resonance imaging of the airway for comparison, this study demonstrates the potential utility of ultrasound to easily measure transverse airway diameter.

ECONOMICS, EDUCATION, AND POLICY:

Natalie F. Holt, David G. Silverman, Ravindra Prasad, James Dziura, and Keith J. Ruskin

Preanesthesia Clinics, Information Management, and Operating Room Delays: Results of a Survey of Practicing Anesthesiologists
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 615-618. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Preanesthesia evaluation clinics are a common component of hospital institutions, but information obtained during the presurgical visit may not be available on the day of surgery. As a result, missing patient information may continue to cause delays on the day of surgery.

CRITICAL CARE AND TRAUMA:

Arnd Timmermann, Sebastian G. Russo, Christoph Eich, Markus Roessler, Ulrich Braun, William H. Rosenblatt, and Micheal Quintel

The Out-of-Hospital Esophageal and Endobronchial Intubations Performed by Emergency Physicians
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 619-623. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The incidence of unrecognized out-of-hospital esophageal intubation is frequent when end-tidal CO2 monitoring and esophageal detection devices are not used for tube placement confirmation by emergency medical service physicians with basic training. Unrecognized esophageal intubation is associated with a high mortality rate.

Xiaomei Feng, Jian Liu, Min Yu, Sihai Zhu, and Jianguo Xu

Hydroxyethyl Starch, but Not Modified Fluid Gelatin, Affects Inflammatory Response in a Rat Model of Polymicrobial Sepsis with Capillary Leakage
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 624-630. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Synthetic colloids are widely used to preserve normal intravascular volume in septic patients. There is debate, however, over which synthetic colloid to be used. In this rat model of sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture, hydroxyethyl starch inhibited inflammatory mediators and neutrophil infiltration, whereas modified fluid gelatin did not. Although the results cannot be directly extrapolated to the clinical setting, they encourage further research in patients.

Shirley Moreira Burburan, Debora Gonçalves Xisto, Halina Cidrini Ferreira, Douglas dos Reis Riva, Giovanna Marcella Cavalcante Carvalho, Walter Araujo Zin, and Patricia Rieken Macêdo Rocco

Lung Mechanics and Histology During Sevoflurane Anesthesia in a Model of Chronic Allergic Asthma
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 631-637. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Sevoflurane improves lung mechanics and reduces airway and tissue resistance in experimental chronic allergic asthma. These results, if confirmed in patients, can help to optimize the perioperative management of asthma patients.

Dominik Suter, Donat R. Spahn, Stephan Blumenthal, Livia Reyes, Christa Booy, Birgit Roth Z'graggen, and Beatrice Beck-Schimmer

The Immunomodulatory Effect of Sevoflurane in Endotoxin-Injured Alveolar Epithelial Cells
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 638-645. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Data Supplement]  [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Sevoflurane pretreatment attenuates acute experimental lung injury by reducing the production of inflammatory mediators. The effects of inhaled sevoflurane on lung inflammation in patients should be evaluated.

Chin-Liang Huang, Pei-Shan Tsai, Tao-Yeuan Wang, Li-Ping Yan, Heng-Ze Xu, and Chun-Jen Huang

Acupuncture Stimulation of ST36 (Zusanli) Attenuates Acute Renal but Not Hepatic Injury in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Rats
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 646-654. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: ST36 acupuncture pretreatment significantly attenuates sepsis-induced kidney, but not liver, injury in rats, whereas ST36 acupuncture performed after sepsis induction has no protective effects against sepsis-induced organ injuries.

Andrew Roscoe, George W. Kanellakos, Karen McRae, and Peter Slinger

Pressures Exerted by Endobronchial Devices (Brief Report)
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 655-658. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: High pressures exerted by the cuffs of endobronchial devices may reduce mucosal blood flow, leading to mucosal injury. This study shows that at clinical cuff volumes, the pressures exerted by the cuffs do not exceed the recommended safe limit.

NEUROSURGICAL ANESTHESIA:

Masahiko Kumazawa, Hiroki Iida, Masayoshi Uchida, Mami Iida, Motoyasu Takenaka, and Shuji Dohi

The Comparative Effects of Intravenous Nicardipine and Prostaglandin E1 on the Cerebral Pial Arteriolar Constriction Seen After Unclamping of an Aortic Cross-Clamp in Rabbits
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 659-665. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: In rabbits under pentobarbital anesthesia, abdominal aortic unclamping (after a 20-min clamp) induced a sustained pial arteriolar constriction (both large and small vessels) that was attenuated by IV nicardipine (1.0 and 10 {micro}g{middle dot}kg-1{middle dot}min-1) without hypotensive effects, whereas prostaglandin E1 was ineffective.

OBSTETRIC ANESTHESIA:

Jill Fong, Edith D. Gurewitsch, Hey-Joo Kang, Lisa Kump, and Patricia Fogarty Mack

An Analysis of Transfusion Practice and the Role of Intraoperative Red Blood Cell Salvage During Cesarean Delivery
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 666-672. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The efficacy of intraoperative red blood cell salvage in reducing allogenic transfusions in obstetric cases is unknown. Our results provide new insight into the number of cesarean delivery patients who might benefit from salvaged red blood cells and the potential utility of this technology.

Alex T. Sia, Yvonne Lim, and Cecilia Ocampo

A Comparison of a Basal Infusion with Automated Mandatory Boluses in Parturient-Controlled Epidural Analgesia During Labor
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 673-678. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: This study showed that instead of a basal continuous infusion, automated regular boluses could be synchronized with patient-controlled epidural analgesia to reduce drug consumption for laboring women.

Mrinalini Balki, Shilpa Kasodekar, Sudhir Dhumne, and Jose C. A. Carvalho

Prophylactic Granisetron Does Not Prevent Postdelivery Nausea and Vomiting During Elective Cesarean Delivery Under Spinal Anesthesia
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 679-683. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluated the efficacy of granisetron for the prevention of nausea and vomiting during cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia. The incidence of intraoperative nausea and vomiting was 20.4% in the granisetron group and 17% in the control group. Despite strict control of causative factors, prophylactic granisetron 1 mg was found to be ineffective.

GENERAL ARTICLE:

Jonathan H. Waters, Brandon Williams, Mark H. Yazer, and Marina V. Kameneva

Modification of Suction-Induced Hemolysis During Cell Salvage
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 684-687. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: This study describes the impact of suctioning on blood collected for cell salvage, and describes a method for minimizing suction damage.

ANALGESIA:

Spencer S. Liu and Christopher L. Wu

Effect of Postoperative Analgesia on Major Postoperative Complications: A Systematic Update of the Evidence
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 689-702. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Overall, there is insufficient evidence to confirm or deny the ability of postoperative analgesic techniques to affect major postoperative mortality or morbidity. This is primarily due to typically insufficient subject numbers to detect differences in currently low incidences of postoperative complications.

Thomas R. Vetter

A Primer on Health-Related Quality of Life in Chronic Pain Medicine (Medical Intelligence)
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 703-718. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Sinyoung Kang, Chi Hyo Kim, Heeseung Lee, Dong Yeon Kim, Jong In Han, Rack Kyung Chung, and Guie Yong Lee

Antinociceptive Synergy Between the Cannabinoid Receptor Agonist WIN 55,212-2 and Bupivacaine in the Rat Formalin Test
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 719-725. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The pharmacologic nature of the interaction between intrathecal cannabinoid receptor agonist (WIN 55,212-2) and bupivacaine was determined using the formalin test. Intrathecally coadministered WIN 55,212-2 and bupivacaine produced synergistic antinociceptive interaction in both phases of the formalin test, with decreased side effects such as sedation and motor impairment.

Gong-Jhe Wu, Zhi-Hong Wen, Wu-Fu Chen, Yi-Chen Chang, Chen-Hwan Cherng, and Chih-Shung Wong

The Effect of Dexamethasone on Spinal Glutamine Synthetase and Glutamate Dehydrogenase Expression in Morphine-Tolerant Rats
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 726-730. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: In rats intrathecal morphine infusions downregulate production of glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamate synthetase. Concurrent administration of intrathecal dexamethasone attenuates this downregulation.

Fabienne Oriola, Yannick Toque, Anne Mary, Odile Gagneur, Sadek Beloucif, and Hervé Dupont

Bilateral Ilioinguinal Nerve Block Decreases Morphine Consumption in Female Patients Undergoing Nonlaparoscopic Gynecologic Surgery
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 731-734. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Bilateral ilioinguinal block with ropivacaine and clonidine significantly decreases total morphine consumption during the first 48 h after hysterectomy or prolapse repair. However, it does not decrease the side effects of morphine.

Michael A. Cordone, Christopher L. Wu, Aimee L. Maceda, and Jeffrey M. Richman

Unrecognized Contralateral Intrapleural Catheter: Bilateral Blockade May Obscure Detection of Failed Epidural Catheterization (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 735-737. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: We describe a case of inadvertent right-sided interpleural catheter placement and pneumothorax during attempted epidural catheter placement for left-sided rib fractures that went unrecognized because of bilateral blockade and adequate analgesia.

LETTER TO THE EDITOR:

Venkatesh Srinivasa and Bhavani-Shankar Kodali

Caution When Using Colorimetry to Confirm Endotracheal Intubation
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 738. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Steven M. Brackney and Nellcor Puritan Bennett

Caution When Using Colorimetry to Confirm Endotracheal Intubation
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 738-739. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

John B. Kortbeek

Caution When Using Colorimetry to Confirm Endotracheal Intubation
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 739. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

David Wax

Difficult Intravenous Access: Second Thoughts
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 739. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Francis Dillon

Concerns About the Use of Forced-Air Warming to Facilitate Intravenous Cannulation: Don’t "Hose" the Patient
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 739-740. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

David H. Wong

Concerns About the Use of Forced-Air Warming to Facilitate Intravenous Cannulation: Don’t "Hose" the Patient
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 740. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Eilish Galvin and Sjoerd Niehof

Further Evidence that Temperature Measurement Is a Useful Indicator of Regional Anesthesia Outcomes
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 740-741. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Markus F. Stevens, Robert Werdehausen, Henning Hermanns, and Peter Lipfert

Further Evidence that Temperature Measurement Is a Useful Indicator of Regional Anesthesia Outcomes
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 741-742. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Stephen T. Webb and Joseph E. Arrowsmith

Acute Hemodynamic Collapse After Induction of General Anesthesia for Emergent Pulmonary Embolectomy
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 742. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Peter Rosenberger, Holger K. Eltschig, and Stanton K. Shernan

Acute Hemodynamic Collapse After Induction of General Anesthesia for Emergent Pulmonary Embolectomy
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 742. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Thomas G. Johans

Don’t Abandon Martin’s Intravascular Electrocardiography Technique!
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 742-743. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Randall Kerr and Richard Applegate, II

Don’t Abandon Martin’s Intravascular Electrocardiography Technique!
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 743. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Martin Beiderlinden and Matthias Eikermann

The Laryngeal Mask Airway for Airway Management During Percutaneous Tracheostomy: Everything Should Be Made as Simple as Possible but Not Simpler
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 743-744. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Carin A. Hagberg and Davide Cattano

The Laryngeal Mask Airway for Airway Management During Percutaneous Tracheostomy: Everything Should Be Made as Simple as Possible but Not Simpler
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 744-745. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

James F. Mayhew

The Safety and Efficacy of Spinal Anesthesia for Surgery in Infants
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 745. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Robert K. Williams, J. Christian Abajian, and David C. Adams

The Safety and Efficacy of Spinal Anesthesia for Surgery in Infants
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 745. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Geeta Tayal, Rajinder K. Mittal, and Sunil Katyal

Combined Spinal Epidural Causes a Higher Level of Block than Equivalent, Single-Shot Spinal Anesthesia in Elective Cesarean Patients
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 745-746. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

F. Ithnin, Y. Lim, A. T. Sia, and C. E. Ocampo

Combined Spinal Epidural Causes a Higher Level of Block than Equivalent, Single-Shot Spinal Anesthesia in Elective Cesarean Patients
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 746. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Xavier Onrubia, Aitana Lluch-Oltra, Rocío Armero, Raquel Higueras, Cristina Sifre, and Manuel Barberá

Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome After a Cesarean Delivery
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 746-747. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Ivan A. Velickovic and Pavlik Rostislav

Pneumocephalus Complicated by Postdural Puncture Headache After Unintentional Dural Puncture
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 747-748. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Crina L. Burlacu and Donal J. Buggy

Intraoperative Harlequin Syndrome
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 748-749. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

BOOK AND MULTIMEDIA REVIEWS:

Michael F. Roizen

Evidence-Based Anaesthesia, vol. 20, no. 2 in Best Practice & Research, Clinical Anaesthesiology, June 2006
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 750. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

John C. Rowlingson

Cholecystokinin and Its Antagonists in Pain Management
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 750. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Elizabeth A. M. Frost

Handbook of Neuroanesthesia, 4th ed.
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 750-751. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

BOOKS RECEIVED
Anesth Analg 2007 104: 751. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

ERRATA:

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Anesth Analg 2007 104: 551. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

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