SPECIAL ARTICLES:

John W. Severinghaus

Takuo Aoyagi: Discovery of Pulse Oximetry (Special Article)
Anesth Analg 2007 105: S1-S4. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

IMPLICATIONS: The development of pulse oximetry by Takuo Aoyagi is arguably the greatest advance inpatient safety in the history of Anesthesiology. The story of Aoyagi's discovery and that of earlier oximeter concepts is covered in this historical review.

Kirk H. Shelley

Photoplethysmography: Beyond the Calculation of Arterial Oxygen Saturation and Heart Rate (Special Article)
Anesth Analg 2007 105: S31-S36. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

IMPLICATIONS: The PPG, or the pulse waveform, measured with pulse oximetry is gaining increased attention as a source of useful physiological data, including vascular volume status, sympathetic tone and other variables. Maximizing the potential of this waveform requires standards for its display and experimentation investigating its clinical importance.

REVIEWS:

John Toffaletti and Willem G. Zijlstra

Misconceptions in Reporting Oxygen Saturation (Review Article)
Anesth Analg 2007 105: S5-S9. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Paul D. Mannheimer

The Light–Tissue Interaction of Pulse Oximetry (Review Article)
Anesth Analg 2007 105: S10-S17. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Nelson Claure

Automated Regulation of Inspired Oxygen in Preterm Infants: Oxygenation Stability and Clinician Workload (Review Article)
Anesth Analg 2007 105: S37-S41. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Patrick Eberhard

The Design, Use, and Results of Transcutaneous Carbon Dioxide Analysis: Current and Future Directions (Review Article)
Anesth Analg 2007 105: S48-S52. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Christine E. East and Paul B. Colditz

Intrapartum Oximetry of the Fetus (Review Article)
Anesth Analg 2007 105: S59-S65. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Michael T. Petterson, Valerie L. Begnoche, and John M. Graybeal

The Effect of Motion on Pulse Oximetry and Its Clinical Significance (Review Article)
Anesth Analg 2007 105: S78-S84. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Paul B. Batchelder and Dena M. Raley

Maximizing the Laboratory Setting for Testing Devices and Understanding Statistical Output in Pulse Oximetry (Review Article)
Anesth Analg 2007 105: S85-S94. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

ARTICLE:

John R. Feiner, John W. Severinghaus, and Philip E. Bickler

Dark Skin Decreases the Accuracy of Pulse Oximeters at Low Oxygen Saturation: The Effects of Oximeter Probe Type and Gender
Anesth Analg 2007 105: S18-S23. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

IMPLICATIONS: Darkly pigmented skin increases the bias in pulse oximeter measurements of oxyhemoglobin saturations at values <80%.

Hartmut Gehring, Lutz Duembgen, Mareike Peterlein, Söhnke Hagelberg, and Leif Dibbelt

Hemoximetry as the "Gold Standard"? Error Assessment Based on Differences Among Identical Blood Gas Analyzer Devices of Five Manufacturers
Anesth Analg 2007 105: S24-S30. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

IMPLICATIONS: Hemoximetry on arterial blood is the reference standard for pulse oximeter accuracy testing. Hemoximeter accuracy varies with manufacturer, saturation range, and the species of hemoglobin in the sample.

Takuo Aoyagi, Masayoshi Fuse, Naoki Kobayashi, Kazuko Machida, and Katsuyuki Miyasaka

Multiwavelength Pulse Oximetry: Theory for the Future
Anesth Analg 2007 105: S53-S58. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Implications: We developed a comprehensive mathematical theory of pulse oximetry based on light scattering through complex tissues. The model predicts, and experiments show that using three- and five-wavelengths of light improves oximeter accuracy and reduces errors due to interfering factors.

Allan B. Shang, Raymond T. Kozikowski, Andrew W. Winslow, and Sandy Weininger

Development of a Standardized Method for Motion Testing in Pulse Oximeters
Anesth Analg 2007 105: S66-S77. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

IMPLICATIONS: A clinically relevant protocol for evaluating pulse oximeter errors because of patient motion has been lacking. We propose that training test subjects to create motions achieving standardized disturbances in pulse oximeter light signals can be used to objectively compare the motion resistance of oximeter probes and for the development of more motion-resistant oximeter designs.

MEDICAL INTELLIGENCE:

Nan M. Jokerst, Martin A. Brooke, Sang-Yeon Cho, and Allan B. Shang

Chip-Scale Sensor System Integration for Portable Health Monitoring
Anesth Analg 2007 105: S42-S47. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

IMPLICATIONS: Emerging technologies in sensors and microsystem integration are leading to miniaturized chip-scale integrated sensor systems for health monitoring that are more portable and wearable than current systems.

Sandy Weininger

Effective Standards and Regulatory Tools for Respiratory Gas Monitors and Pulse Oximeters: The Role of the Engineer and Clinician
Anesth Analg 2007 105: S95-S99. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

IMPLICATIONS: Safe and effective medical equipment design requires multidisciplinary contributions at all stages of the product lifecycle. Regulators and standards writers blend the concerns of engineers and clinicians to produce devices of optimal utility and safety.

ABSTRACTS:

Abstracts Presented at the International Symposium "Innovations and Applications of Monitoring Oxygenation and Ventilation" (ISIAMOV), Duke University, Durham, NC, March 15–17, 2007
Anesth Analg 2007 105: S100-S115. [PDF]  

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