EDITORIALS:

Asokumar Buvanendran and Jeffrey S. Kroin

Early Use of Memantine for Neuropathic Pain
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1093-1094. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Terese T. Horlocker, William T. Weiss, and Cheryl A. Olson

Whodunnit: The Mysterious Case of Mediastinitis After Continuous Interscalene Block
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1095-1097. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Armin Schubert

Faculty Teaching Scores: Validating Evaluations, Evaluating Validation
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1098-1099. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Warren S. Sandberg

Anesthesia Information Management Systems: Almost There
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1100-1102. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Daniel Nyhan and Dan E. Berkowitz

Perioperative Blood Pressure Management: Does Central Vascular Stiffness Matter?
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1103-1106. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

CARDIOVASCULAR ANESTHESIOLOGY:

Solomon Aronson, Cornelius M. Dyke, Kevin A. Stierer, Jerrold H. Levy, Albert T. Cheung, Philip D. Lumb, Dean J. Kereiakes, and Mark F. Newman

The ECLIPSE Trials: Comparative Studies of Clevidipine to Nitroglycerin, Sodium Nitroprusside, and Nicardipine for Acute Hypertension Treatment in Cardiac Surgery Patients
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1110-1121. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: We found that clevidipine is as safe as nitroglycerin, sodium nitroprusside or nicardipine in the treatment of perioperative hypertension and provides more precise arterial blood pressure control in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Manuel L. Fontes, Solomon Aronson, Joseph P. Mathew, Yinghui Miao, Benjamin Drenger, Paul G. Barash, Dennis T. Mangano, For the Multicenter Study of Perioperative Ischemia (McSPI) Research Group, and the Ischemia Research and Education Foundation (IREF) Investigators

Pulse Pressure and Risk of Adverse Outcome in Coronary Bypass Surgery
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1122-1129. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: In patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, an increase in preoperative pulse pressure (PP) of as little as 10 mm Hg (above a threshold of 40 mm Hg) was associated with fatal and nonfatal postoperative major vascular complications. Whether such preoperative risk is modifiable is unknown but, given its magnitude, current approaches to evaluate, treat, and counsel patients with widened PP undergoing elective CABG surgery need to be reconsidered.

Julien Amour, Xavier Loyer, Pierre Michelet, Aurélie Birenbaum, Bruno Riou, and Christophe Heymes

Preservation of the Positive Lusitropic Effect of β-Adrenoceptors Stimulation in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1130-1138. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The positive lusitropic effects of {beta}-adrenoceptor stimulation are preserved in diabetic cardiomyopathy and are not affected by {beta}3-adrenoceptors over-expression.

Jean-Luc Hanouz, Sandrine Lemoine, Lan Zhu, Olivier Lepage, Gerard Babatasi, Massimo Massetti, André Khayat, Benoit Plaud, and Jean-Louis Gérard

Etomidate Has No Effect on Hypoxia Reoxygenation and Hypoxic Preconditioning in Isolated Human Right Atrial Myocardium
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1139-1144. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Etomidate is used for induction of anesthesia in clinical situations associated with cardiovascular instability and, thus, risk for myocardial ischemia reperfusion episodes. We found that etomidate had no effect on the recovery of myocardial force of contraction after hypoxia reoxygenation. Further, etomidate did not modify the myocardial protective effects of hypoxic preconditioning.

Stefanie Cromheecke, Suraphong Lorsomradee, Philippe J. Van der Linden, and Stefan G. De Hert

Moderate Acute Isovolemic Hemodilution Alters Myocardial Function in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1145-1152. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The data of the present study indicate that, in patients with severe coronary artery disease, moderate isovolemic hemodilution up to a hematocrit of 30% may be associated with myocardial dysfunction.

Jonathan K. Ho, Nitin Dhamija, Aaron Yezbick, Aman Mahajan, and Jure Marijic

Left Ventricular Mass: Intraoperative Transesophageal Echocardiography for Evaluation and Management (Echo Rounds)
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1153-1154. [Full Text] [PDF] [Echo Loop]  [Request Permissions]  

Marco A. Aguirre, Devin Trousdale, Annie John, and Philip E. Greilich

The Use of Transesophageal Echocardiography in Determining the Structural and Functional Impact of Traumatic Intracardiac Foreign Bodies (Echo Rounds)
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1155-1157. [Full Text] [PDF] [Echo Loops]  [Request Permissions]  

Koji Hosokawa, Yasufumi Nakajima, Hiroki Matsuyama, and Masayuki Shibasaki

Intraoperative Monitoring of Movement of an Entrapped Coronary Guidewire by Transesophageal Echocardiography (Echo Rounds)
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1158-1160. [Full Text] [PDF] [Echo Loops]  [Request Permissions]  

Estibaliz Alomar-Melero, Tomas D. Martin, Gregory M. Janelle, and Yong G. Peng

An Unusual Giant Right Coronary Artery Aneurysm Resembles an Intracardiac Mass (Echo Rounds)
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1161-1162. [Full Text] [PDF] [Echo Loops]  [Request Permissions]  

Denise C. Joffe, Julia Rivo, and Donald C. Oxorn

Coronary Sinus Atrial Septal Defect (Echo Rounds)
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1163-1165. [Full Text] [PDF] [Echo Loops]  [Request Permissions]  

Mojca Remskar Konia and Jeffrey Uppington

Diastolic Regurgitation Through a Bi-Leaflet Mechanical Valve in the Mitral Position (Echo Rounds)
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1166-1167. [Full Text] [PDF] [Echo Loops]  [Request Permissions]  

PEDIATRIC ANESTHESIOLOGY:

Thomas Engelhardt, Christian Zaarour, Basem Naser, Carolyne Pehora, Joost de Ruiter, Andrew Howard, and Mark W. Crawford

Intraoperative Low-Dose Ketamine Does Not Prevent a Remifentanil-Induced Increase in Morphine Requirement After Pediatric Scoliosis Surgery
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1170-1175. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Low-dose intraoperative ketamine infusion does not prevent remifentanil-induced acute opioid tolerance and/or hyperalgesia in adolescents undergoing surgical correction of idiopathic scoliosis.

Susan T. Verghese, Raafat S. Hannallah, Marjorie Brennan, Jessica L. Yarvitz, Kelly A. Hummer, Kantilal M. Patel, Jainping He, and Robert McCarter

The Effect of Intranasal Administration of Remifentanil on Intubating Conditions and Airway Response After Sevoflurane Induction of Anesthesia in Children
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1176-1181. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: After sevoflurane induction in children, good-to-excellent intubating conditions can be achieved at 2 and 3 min after the administration of 4 mcg/kg intranasal remifentanil.

Luis I. Cortínez, Ricardo Fuentes, Sandra Solari, Paola Ostermann, Miguel Vega, and Hernán R. Muñoz

Pharmacokinetics of Levobupivacaine (2.5 mg/kg) After Caudal Administration in Children Younger Than 3 Years (Brief Report)
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1182-1184. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Administration of levobupivacaine (2.5 mg/kg) in children produced median (range) levobupivacaine Cmax of 1.48 (0.62-2.40) {micro}g/mL. The highest value, observed in a one-month one infant, is close to the toxic threshold of adult patients.

Yasin Aliç, Elif A. Akpek, Asli Dönmez, Süleyman Özkan, Güray Yener Perfusionist, and Sait Aslamaci

ABO-Incompatible Blood Transfusion and Invasive Therapeutic Approaches During Pediatric Cardiopulmonary Bypass (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1185-1187. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The combination of standard pharmacologic therapies and alternative invasive techniques after ABO-incompatible blood transfusion led to a favorable outcome.

AMBULATORY ANESTHESIOLOGY:

Matthew T. V. Chan, Charlotte C. K. Lo, Candy K. W. Lok, Tak Wing Chan, Kai C. Choi, and Tony Gin

Psychometric Testing of the Chinese Quality of Recovery Score
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1189-1195. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Data Supplement]  [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Both the Chinese quality of recovery score and the original English version are equivalent in providing valid, reliable, and responsive assessment of health status after anesthesia and surgery.

ANESTHETIC PHARMACOLOGY:

Tom De Smet, Michel M. R. F. Struys, Martine M. Neckebroek, Kristof Van den Hauwe, Sjoert Bonte, and Eric P. Mortier

The Accuracy and Clinical Feasibility of a New Bayesian-Based Closed-Loop Control System for Propofol Administration Using the Bispectral Index as a Controlled Variable
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1200-1210. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: A Bayesian-based closed-loop control system for propofol administration using the BIS as a controlled variable performed accurate and was clinically feasible during anesthesia for ambulatory gynecological procedures.

In Ho Lee, Deborah J. Culley, Mark G. Baxter, Zhongcong Xie, Rudolph E. Tanzi, and Gregory Crosby

Spatial Memory Is Intact in Aged Rats After Propofol Anesthesia
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1211-1215. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Propofol anesthesia does not impair spatial memory in aged Fischer 344 rats.

Eran Kozer, Zina Levichek, Noriko Hoshino, Bhushan Kapur, John Leombruno, Nobuko Taguchi, Facundo Garcia-Bournissen, Gideon Koren, and Shinya Ito

The Effect of Amitriptyline, Gabapentin, and Carbamazepine on Morphine-Induced Hypercarbia in Rabbits
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1216-1222. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Morphine injection caused hypercarbia in amitriptyline-exposed rabbits through pharmacodynamic processes, suggesting the potential for similar effects in humans. This was not evident in animals exposed to carbamazepine or gabapentin.

Tomoyoshi Seto, Hideto Isogai, Masayuki Ozaki, and Shuichi Nosaka

Noble Gas Binding to Human Serum Albumin Using Docking Simulation: Nonimmobilizers and Anesthetics Bind to Different Sites
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1223-1228. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Nonimmobilizer binds to a different site from anesthetics in human serum albumin. This could explain the pharmacological difference of nonimmobilizers from anesthetics.

Annette Ploppa, Donald M. Ayers, Tanja Johannes, Klaus E. Unertl, and Marcel E. Durieux

The Inhibition of Human Neutrophil Phagocytosis and Oxidative Burst by Tricyclic Antidepressants
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1229-1235. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Tricyclic antidepressants inhibit Staphylococcus aureus-induced phagocytosis and oxidative burst of human granulocytes in millimolar concentrations only. The effects seem due to a direct toxicity in human neutrophils. Fluoxetine and nortryptiline exerted more pronounced effects than did amitryptiline.

Shin Onizuka, Toshiharu Kasaba, and Mayumi Takasaki

The Effect of Lidocaine on Cholinergic Neurotransmission in an Identified Reconstructed Synapse
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1236-1242. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Whereas lidocaine's effect on Na channel function has been well investigated, its effect on cholinergic neurotransmission is unclear because of the lack of suitable models. We investigated these interactions in a reconstructed synapse model and found that lidocaine inhibits cholinergic transmission.

TECHNOLOGY, COMPUTING, AND SIMULATION:

Smith Jean, Ismail Cinel, Christina Tay, Joseph E. Parrillo, and R. Phillip Dellinger

Assessment of Asymmetric Lung Disease in Intensive Care Unit Patients Using Vibration Response Imaging (Technical Communication)
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1243-1247. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Video Clips]  [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Results obtained from vibration response imaging correlate well with chest radiographic findings in intensive care unit patients. This new technology offers the potential for a radiation-free, noninvasive bedside assessment of lung abnormality in patients during their stay in the intensive care unit.

Koji Nishikawa, Koki Yamada, and Atsuhiro Sakamoto

A New Curved Laryngoscope Blade for Routine and Difficult Tracheal Intubation (Technical Communication)
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1248-1252. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: For routine clinical use to reduce the incidence of an unanticipated difficult airway, a new curved laryngoscope blade with a streamlined bifid tip and S-shaped spatula was designed with a new concept of reversing the peardrop phenomenon. A radiograph laryngoscopy technique was used to guide the curvature design and evaluate the performance of the new blade.

PATIENT SAFETY:

Stephan Eschertzhuber, Joseph Brimacombe, Matthias Hohlrieder, Karl-Heinz Stadlbauer, and Christian Keller

Gum Elastic Bougie-Guided Insertion of the ProSeal Laryngeal Mask Airway Is Superior to the Digital and Introducer Tool Techniques in Patients with Simulated Difficult Laryngoscopy Using a Rigid Neck Collar
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1253-1256. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Gum elastic bougie-guided insertion of the ProSeal laryngeal mask airway is more frequently successful than the digital or introducer tool insertion techniques in patients with simulated difficult laryngoscopy using a rigid neck collar.

Jerome Jean, Vincent Compère, Veronique Fourdrinier, Caroline Marguerite, Isabelle Auquit-Auckbur, Pierre Yves Milliez, and Bertrand Dureuil

The Risk of Pulmonary Aspiration in Patients After Weight Loss Due to Bariatric Surgery (Brief Report)
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1257-1259. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: We conducted a retrospective case-control study of 198 plastic and functional operations (66 postbariatric patients and 132 nonbariatric patients). Pulmonary aspiration was significantly (P < 0.006) more frequent in postbariatric group (4 patients: 6%) than in the nonbariatric group (0 patient). For this complication, all the patients had previous gastric banding. We conclude that the risk of perioperative pulmonary aspiration after weight loss due to bariatric surgery is very significant.

Bobby R. Burches, Jr and David O. Warner

Bronchospasm After Intravenous Lidocaine (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1260-1262. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: We describe a case of bronchospasm after the administration of IV lidocaine as an adjunct to endotracheal intubation in a child with mild intermittent asthma. Practitioners should be aware of this potential complication.

CRITICAL CARE AND TRAUMA:

Torsten Meier, Alexandra Lange, Hilke Papenberg, Malte Ziemann, Christina Fentrop, Ulrike Uhlig, Peter Schmucker, Stefan Uhlig, and Cordula Stamme

Pulmonary Cytokine Responses During Mechanical Ventilation of Noninjured Lungs With and Without End-Expiratory Pressure
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1265-1275. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Mechanical ventilation of noninjured lungs imposes moderate stress even at low tidal volumes that is slightly increased by the application of positive end-expiratory pressure.

Jan Willem Kuiper, Amanda M. G. Versteilen, Hans W. M. Niessen, Rosanna R. Vaschetto, Pieter Sipkema, Cobi J. Heijnen, A. B. Johan Groeneveld, and Frans B. Plötz

Production of Endothelin-1 and Reduced Blood Flow in the Rat Kidney During Lung-Injurious Mechanical Ventilation
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1276-1283. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Lung-injurious mechanical ventilation of healthy lungs causes an increase in the renal endothelin-1 level that is associated with decreased renal blood flow, without alterations in systemic hemodynamics.

Kuang-Cheng Chan, Chen-Jung Lin, Po-Huang Lee, Chau-Fong Chen, Yih-Loong Lai, Wei-Zen Sun, and Ya-Jung Cheng

Propofol Attenuates the Decrease of Dynamic Compliance and Water Content in the Lung by Decreasing Oxidative Radicals Released from the Reperfused Liver
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1284-1289. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion, as in liver transplantation and hepatectomy, induces significant pulmonary dysfunction, such as a decrease of dynamic compliance and an increase of water content. Propofol infusion attenuates these changes by leading to fewer hepatic injuries and fewer reactive oxidative species released from reperfused liver.

Chueng-He Lu, Kee-Ming Man, Hsin-Yi Ou-Yang, Shun-Ming Chan, Shung-Tai Ho, Chih-Shung Wong, and Wen-Jinn Liaw

Composite Auditory Evoked Potential Index Versus Bispectral Index to Estimate the Level of Sedation in Paralyzed Critically Ill Patients: A Prospective Observational Study
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1290-1294. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The AEP Monitor/2 and Bispectral Index-XP could potentially be used as alternatives to subjective scales, especially when the scales do not work well in the setting of neuromuscular blockade or may not be sufficiently sensitive to evaluate very deep sedation.

OBSTETRIC ANESTHESIOLOGY:

Warwick D. Ngan Kee, Anna Lee, Kim S. Khaw, Floria F. Ng, Manoj K. Karmakar, and Tony Gin

A Randomized Double-Blinded Comparison of Phenylephrine and Ephedrine Infusion Combinations to Maintain Blood Pressure During Spinal Anesthesia for Cesarean Delivery: The Effects on Fetal Acid-Base Status and Hemodynamic Control
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1295-1302. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: We compared different combinations of phenylephrine and ephedrine given by infusion to maintain blood pressure during spinal anesthesia for cesarean delivery. We found that, as the proportion of phenylephrine decreased and the proportion of ephedrine increased, the incidences of hypotension and nausea/vomiting increased, hemodynamic control was reduced and fetal pH and base excess decreased.

Rebecca A. Fanning, Deirdre P. Campion, Colm B. Collins, Simon Keely, Liam P. Briggs, John J. O'Connor, and Michael F. Carey

A Comparison of the Inhibitory Effects of Bupivacaine and Levobupivacaine on Isolated Human Pregnant Myometrium Contractility
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1303-1307. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Bupivacaine and levobupivacaine significantly inhibit the amplitude and increase the frequency of contractions in a concentration-dependent manner in in vitro term pregnant myometrium. There is no difference between bupivacaine and levobupivacaine; however, the concentrations required for this effect are higher than the recorded maximum plasma concentrations of these drugs after epidural labor analgesia in parturients.

Terrence K. Allen and Ashraf S. Habib

P6 Stimulation for the Prevention of Nausea and Vomiting Associated with Cesarean Delivery Under Neuraxial Anesthesia: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials (Review Article)
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1308-1312. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: We performed a qualitative systematic review of randomized controlled trials to assess the efficacy of P6 stimulation for the prevention of intraoperative and postoperative nausea and vomiting in women undergoing cesarean delivery performed under neuraxial anesthesia. While some studies showed a benefit of P6 stimulation, significant heterogeneity and inconsistent results among the trials prevent any definitive conclusions about the efficacy of P6 stimulation in this patient population.

Nico Terblanche, Cynthia Maxwell, Johannes Keunen, and Jose C. A. Carvalho

Obstetric and Anesthetic Management of Severe Congenital Myasthenia Syndrome (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1313-1315. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: This case report illustrates the complex management of congenital myasthenia syndrome in pregnancy as regards the timing of delivery as a function of the progressive respiratory insufficiency, the usefulness of ultrasonography to assess complex spine anatomy and facilitate neuraxial anesthesia, and the role of intraoperative noninvasive positive pressure ventilation.

ECONOMICS, EDUCATION, AND POLICY:

Getúlio R. de Oliveira Filho, Adilson José Dal Mago, Jorge Hamilton Soares Garcia, and Ranulfo Goldschmidt

An Instrument Designed for Faculty Supervision Evaluation by Anesthesia Residents and Its Psychometric Properties
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1316-1322. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: An instrument for evaluating faculty supervision by anesthesia residents was constructed and tested psychometrically. The nine-item questionnaire produced valid and reliable measures of supervision. However, significant resident-instructor interaction bias (halo error) was found, which should be of concern if personnel decisions (e.g., tenure, promotion) rely on such measures.

Christoph B. Egger Halbeis, Richard H. Epstein, Alex Macario, Ronald G. Pearl, and Zvi Grunwald

Adoption of Anesthesia Information Management Systems by Academic Departments in the United States
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1323-1329. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: At least 44% of academic anesthesia departments have committed to anesthesia information management systems (AIMS), with a minimum of 14% of departments already using this technology. These rates are considerably higher than previous estimates of AIMS adoption. A general limitation of funds for information technology projects was reported as the most important barrier to AIMS installation.

Kristel J. M. Janssen, Cor J. Kalkman, Diederick E. Grobbee, Gouke J. Bonsel, Karel G. M. Moons, and Yvonne Vergouwe

The Risk of Severe Postoperative Pain: Modification and Validation of a Clinical Prediction Rule
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1330-1339. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: A prediction rule that was previously developed to preoperatively predict the risk of severe pain in the first postoperative hour in surgical inpatients was modified for use in both inpatients and outpatients. By validating the modified rule in patients that underwent surgery several years later in another hospital, it was shown that the rule could be generalized in time and place. We demonstrated that an originally developed prediction rule can be modified and simply adjusted for new groups of patients rather than developing a new rule.

NEUROSURGICAL ANESTHESIOLOGY:

Alex Bekker, Mary Sturaitis, Marc Bloom, Mario Moric, John Golfinos, Erik Parker, Ramesh Babu, and Abishabeck Pitti

The Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Perioperative Hemodynamics in Patients Undergoing Craniotomy
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1340-1347. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: We conducted a prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to determine whether dexmedetomidine (DEX), as an anesthetic adjuvant, improves hemodynamic control in patients undergoing craniotomy. Our results suggest that the intraoperative infusion of DEX is effective in controlling perioperative hypertension without increasing the incidence of bradycardia or hypotension.

Hemant Bhagat, Hari H. Dash, Parmod K. Bithal, Rajendra S. Chouhan, and Mihir P. Pandia

Planning for Early Emergence in Neurosurgical Patients: A Randomized Prospective Trial of Low-Dose Anesthetics
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1348-1355. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Low-dose fentanyl during craniotomy closure is more advantageous than propofol or isoflurane for early emergence in neurosurgical patients and for limiting hypertension during awakening.

Gregory M. T. Hare, Albert K. Y. Tsui, Anya T. McLaren, Tenille E. Ragoonanan, Julie Yu, and C. David Mazer

Anemia and Cerebral Outcomes: Many Questions, Fewer Answers (Review Article)
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1356-1370. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

GENERAL ARTICLES:

Claude A. Vachon, Douglas R. Bacon, and Steven H. Rose

Gaston Labat’s Regional Anesthesia: The Missing Years (Special Article)
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1371-1375. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Gaston Labat was working on the third edition of his classic textbook "Regional Anesthesia: Its Technique and Clinical Application" when he died in 1934. The third edition was not published until 1967, and the royalty set aside for his heirs remains unclaimed.

ANALGESIA:

Robert J. Hackworth, Kyle A. Tokarz, Ian M. Fowler, Scott C. Wallace, and Eric T. Stedje-Larsen

Profound Pain Reduction After Induction of Memantine Treatment in Two Patients with Severe Phantom Limb Pain (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1377-1379. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The administration of memantine to two patients with severe refractory phantom limb pain led to a significant reduction in pain. In patients with refractory phantom pain, memantine may be considered as an additional adjunctive medication.

Lucinda A. Grande, Brendan R. O’Donnell, Dermot R. Fitzgibbon, and Gregory W. Terman

Ultra-Low Dose Ketamine and Memantine Treatment for Pain in an Opioid-Tolerant Oncology Patient (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1380-1383. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: A patient's opioid-refractory postoperative pain responded to low-dose IV ketamine. Pain and opioid tolerance were controlled long term after transition to oral memantine, in a novel use of this drug. The role of opioid tolerance in the analgesic effect of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonists is discussed.

Daewha Hong, Pamela Flood, and Geraldine Diaz

The Side Effects of Morphine and Hydromorphone Patient-Controlled Analgesia (Brief Report)
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1384-1389. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: In a randomized, double-blind trial of 50 patients, we found no difference in nausea, vomiting, pruritus, or sedation between morphine and hydromorphone groups treated with patient controlled analgesia. There was evidence for an equianalgesic effect as measured by patient pain report and pupillary constriction.

Deepak Gupta, Roopesh Jain, Seema Mishra, Santosh Kumar, Sanjay Thulkar, and Sushma Bhatnagar

Ultrasonography Reinvents the Originally Described Technique for Ganglion Impar Neurolysis in Perianal Cancer Pain (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1390-1392. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Compared with the fluoroscopic method, ultrasound-guided ganglion impar neurolysis is a fast and safe method, as ultrasound defines the soft tissue structures better with precise drug spread assessment and is radiation-free.

Jay S. Grider, Raeford E. Brown, and George W. Colclough

Perioperative Management of Patients with an Intrathecal Drug Delivery System for Chronic Pain (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1393-1396. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The use of intrathecal drug delivery systems in the treatment of chronic pain is becoming more common. This case series discusses anesthetic implications and acute postoperative analgesic issues in three patients receiving intrathecal opioids for chronic pain.

Chi-Fei Wang, Peter Gerner, Birgitta Schmidt, Zhen Zhong Xu, Carla Nau, Sho-Ya Wang, Ru-Rong Ji, and Ging Kuo Wang

Use of Bulleyaconitine A as an Adjuvant for Prolonged Cutaneous Analgesia in the Rat
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1397-1405. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Bulleyaconitine A inhibits neuronal Na+ channels responsible for norciception in a use-dependent manner. When co-injected subcutaneously as an adjuvant, bulleyaconitine A is able to induce long-lasting cutaneous analgesia in vivo without adverse effects.

Özgür Özsoylar, Didem Akçali, Pelin Çizmeci, Avni Babacan, Alex Cahana, and Hayrunnisa Bolay

Percutaneous Pulsed Radiofrequency Reduces Mechanical Allodynia in a Neuropathic Pain Model
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1406-1411. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The effect of different periods of percutaneous pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) on mechanical allodynia was evaluated in a rat neuropathic pain model. PRF application for 2 min effectively reversed allodynia symptoms compared to a placebo PRF group and 6 min PRF group. More studies are needed to investigate the effect and mechanism of percutaneous PRF.

Stephen Head and F. Kayser Enneking

Infusate Contamination in Regional Anesthesia: What Every Anesthesiologist Should Know (Review Article)
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1412-1418. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Xavier Capdevila, Samir Jaber, Pertti Pesonen, Alain Borgeat, and Jean-Jacques Eledjam

Acute Neck Cellulitis and Mediastinitis Complicating a Continuous Interscalene Block (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1419-1421. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: We report an acute neck cellulitis and mediastinitis complicating a continuous interscalene brachial plexus block. This case emphasizes the importance of strict aseptic conditions during puncture, catheter insertion, and postoperative infusion of local anesthetics.

Hany A. Mowafi and Salah A. Ismail

Melatonin Improves Tourniquet Tolerance and Enhances Postoperative Analgesia in Patients Receiving Intravenous Regional Anesthesia (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1422-1426. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: In this randomized and blinded study, melatonin premedication reduced anxiety, improved tourniquet tolerance, and enhanced early postoperative analgesia in adult patients receiving IV regional anesthesia for surgery to the upper extremity.

Ari Ercole

The Effect of Injectate Conductivity on the Electric Field with the Nerve Stimulator Needle: A Computer Simulation (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1427-1432. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The electric field generated around un-insulated needles during neural stimulation is highly localized and extremely sensitive to even tiny volumes of injectate. This can be attributed to an electrostatic effect relating to the conductivity of the injectate relative to that of the surrounding tissues.

Manuel Taboada, Jaime Rodríguez, Maria Bermudez, Cristina Valiño, Beatriz Ulloa, Francisco Aneiros, Francisco Gude, Joaquín Cortés, Julian Alvarez, and Peter G. Atanassoff

A "New" Automated Bolus Technique for Continuous Popliteal Block: A Prospective, Randomized Comparison with a Continuous Infusion Technique (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1433-1437. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: A comparison of two dosing regimens in continuous popliteal sciatic block for postoperative analgesia after foot surgery demonstrated that local anesthetic, administered via an automated bolus technique, provided better pain relief than a continuous infusion technique.

John A. Dilger, Michael T. Walsh, Mary E. Warner, Lance A. Mynderse, and Juraj Sprung

Urethral Injury During Potassium-Titanyl-Phosphate Laser Prostatectomy Complicated by Transurethral Resection Syndrome (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1438-1440. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The use of green light potassium-titanyl-phosphate laser for vaporization of the prostate is usually not associated with measurable systemic fluid absorption. In cases of mechanical prostatic urethral injury during insertion of the laser cystoscope, significant absorption of irrigant may occur. Routine use of saline irrigant instead of sterile water may prevent development of transurethral prostatic resection syndrome.

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR:

Pascale Dewachter and Claudie Mouton-Faivre

Skin Testing Performed in Individuals Cannot be Compared with Responses from Anaphylactic Patients
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1441. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Jerrold H. Levy

Skin Testing Performed in Individuals Cannot be Compared with Responses from Anaphylactic Patients
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1441. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Peter Tinits

Preoperative Coronary Revascularization in High-Risk Patients Undergoing Vascular Surgery
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1442. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Santiago Garcia and Edward O. McFalls

Preoperative Coronary Revascularization in High-Risk Patients Undergoing Vascular Surgery
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1442-1443. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Fu S. Xue, Ya C. Xu, and Xu Liao

A Method to Improve Use of a Preformed Nasal Tube for Fiberoptic Nasal Intubation
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1443-1444. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

José M. Rodríguez-López, Esther del Barrio, Francisco S. Lozano, and Clemente Muriel

Does Preoperative Level of Antithrombin III Predict Heparin Resistance During Extracorporeal Circulation?
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1444-1445. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Susan Verghese, Greg Jensen, Kanishka Ratnayaka, and Joshua Kanter

A Fluoroscopic Diagnosis of Bronchus Suis or Porcine Bronchus to Explain Hypoxemia During Anesthesia
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1445. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Zenaide Quezado and Julia C. Finkel

Airway Management in Neonates with Occipital Encephalocele: Easy Does It
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1446. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Susan Verghese, Marnie Jackson, Janelle Vaughns, and Diago Preciado

Plastic Bronchitis in a Child with Fontan’s Physiology Presenting for Urgent Rigid Bronchoscopy
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1446-1447. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

BOOK AND MULTIMEDIA REVIEWS:

Jeffrey S. Kelly

Emergency Sedation and Pain Management
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1448-1449. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Edmund H. Jooste

Textbook of Paediatric Anaesthesia, 3rd ed.
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1449. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Philip D. Lumb

Critical Care Medicine: Principles of Diagnosis and Management in the Adult, 3rd ed.
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1449-1450. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Melanie J. Donnelly and F. Kayser Enneking

Raj’s Practical Management of Pain, 4th ed.
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1450-1451. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

ERRATA:

ERRATUM
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1370. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

ERRATUM
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1389. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

ERRATUM
Anesth Analg 2008 107: 1405. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

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