EDITORIALS:

Peter S. Sebel

To Sleep, Perchance To Dream? NOT!
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 391-392. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Lewis Reuven Pasternak

Preoperative Testing: Moving from Individual Testing to Risk Management
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 393-394. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

CARDIOVASCULAR ANESTHESIOLOGY:

Matthew D. McEvoy, Michel J. Sabbagh, Anna Greta Taylor, Juozas A. Zavadzkas, Christine N. Koval, Robert E. Stroud, Rachael L. Ford, Julie E. McLean, Scott T. Reeves, Rupak Mukherjee, and Francis G. Spinale

Aprotinin Modifies Left Ventricular Contractility and Cytokine Release After Ischemia-Reperfusion in a Dose-Dependent Manner in a Murine Model
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 399-406. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Using clinically applicable doses of aprotinin (APRO) in an intact model of ischemia-reperfusion, this study demonstrated that low doses of APRO provided protective effects on left ventricular contractility, whereas higher doses suppressed tumor necrosis factor release, but did not impart equivalent effects on left ventricular contractility. These unique findings suggest that there are distinct and independent mechanisms of action of APRO in the context of ischemia-reperfusion which are dose dependent.

François Haddad, Pierre Couture, Claude Tousignant, and André Y. Denault

The Right Ventricle in Cardiac Surgery, a Perioperative Perspective: I. Anatomy, Physiology, and Assessment (Review Article)
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 407-421. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Video Clips]  [Request Permissions]  

François Haddad, Pierre Couture, Claude Tousignant, and André Y. Denault

The Right Ventricle in Cardiac Surgery, a Perioperative Perspective: II. Pathophysiology, Clinical Importance, and Management (Review Article)
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 422-433. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Marla B. Ferschl and Mark D. Rollins

Thromboemboli, Acute Right Heart Failure and Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation After Intraoperative Application of a Topical Hemostatic Matrix (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 434-436. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: We present a case of thromboemboli, acute right heart failure, and disseminated intravascular coagulation after the application of a topical hemostatic matrix during posterior spine fusion surgery. Clinicians need to be aware of this potentially deadly complication associated with topical hemostatic agent use in the operating room.

Scott A. Phillips, Annemarie Thompson, Ahmad Abu-Halimah, Marshall H. Crenshaw, David X. Zhao, and Mias Pretorius

Percutaneous Closure of Aortic Prosthetic Paravalvular Regurgitation with Two Amplatzer Septal Occluders (Echo Rounds)
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 437-438. [Full Text] [PDF] [Echo Loops]  [Request Permissions]  

Andrej Alfirevic and Colleen Gorman Koch

Failed Closure of Paravalvular Leak with an Amplatzer® Occluder Device After Mitral Valve Replacement (Echo Rounds)
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 439-440. [Full Text] [PDF] [Echo Loops]  [Request Permissions]  

Jonathan K. Frogel, Stuart J. Weiss, and Benjamin A. Kohl

Transesophageal Echocardiography Diagnosis of Coronary Sinus Thrombosis (Echo Rounds)
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 441-442. [Full Text] [PDF] [Echo Loops]  [Request Permissions]  

Martin M. Stechert and Martin J. London

Functional Separation of the Right Atrium by an Elongated Eustachian Valve (Echo Rounds)
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 443-445. [Full Text] [PDF] [Echo Loops]  [Request Permissions]  

PEDIATRIC ANESTHESIOLOGY:

Nina A. Guzzetta, Faye M. Evans, Eli S. Rosenberg, Tom M. Fazlollah, Michael J. Baker, Elizabeth C. Wilson, Anna M. Kaiser, Steven R. Tosone, and Bruce E. Miller

The Impact of Aprotinin on Postoperative Renal Dysfunction in Neonates Undergoing Cardiopulmonary Bypass: A Retrospective Analysis
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 448-455. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: In this retrospective analysis, we found that the occurrence of postoperative renal dysfunction in neonates after cardiopulmonary bypass was more significantly predicted by the duration of cardiopulmonary bypass than by the intraoperative administration of aprotinin.

Keisuke Fujii, Hiroshi Iranami, Yoshihide Nakamura, and Yoshio Hatano

Fentanyl Added to Propofol Anesthesia Elongates Sinus Node Recovery Time in Pediatric Patients with Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 456-460. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: This study showed that fentanyl combined with propofol caused a propranolol-like effect on sinus node function tests and suggests that this anesthetic method has a potential of enhancing cardiac vagal tone.

Bruno Marciniak, Pierre Fayoux, Anne Hébrard, Renée Krivosic-Horber, Thomas Engelhardt, and Bruno Bissonnette

Airway Management in Children: Ultrasonography Assessment of Tracheal Intubation in Real Time?
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 461-465. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: This study describes the ultrasonic visualization of tracheal intubation and demonstrates that ultrasound scanning may be a suitable method to confirm tracheal tube position in young children.

AMBULATORY ANESTHESIOLOGY:

Frances Chung, Hongbo Yuan, Ling Yin, Santhira Vairavanathan, and David T. Wong

Elimination of Preoperative Testing in Ambulatory Surgery
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 467-475. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Preoperative testing has been criticized as having little impact on perioperative outcomes. This randomized, single-blind, controlled pilot study showed that indicated preoperative testing may be eliminated without increasing the perioperative incidence of adverse events in selected patients undergoing ambulatory surgery.

ANESTHETIC PHARMACOLOGY:

Zhipeng Xu, Fang Liu, Yun Yue, Tiehu Ye, Bingxi Zhang, Mingzhang Zuo, Mingjun Xu, Rongrong Hao, Yuan Xu, Ning Yang, and Xiangming Che

C₅₀ for Propofol-Remifentanil Target-Controlled Infusion and Bispectral Index at Loss of Consciousness and Response to Painful Stimulus in Chinese Patients: A Multicenter Clinical Trial
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 478-483. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Half of Chinese patients lose conscious response at an effect-site propofol concentration of 2.2 ng/mL and a Bispectral Index value of 58, and lose response to painful stimuli at a remifentanil effect-site concentration of 3.3 ng/mL. The propofol concentration and Bispectral Index values for loss of consciousness are lower than reported in Caucasian populations.

Mark C. Bieda, Henry Su, and M. Bruce MacIver

Anesthetics Discriminate Between Tonic and Phasic -Aminobutyric Acid Receptors on Hippocampal CA1 Neurons
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 484-490. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: We demonstrate that anesthetics can discriminate between different types of {gamma}-aminobutyric acid receptors. This finding provides impetus to develop more selective agents for these receptors in the hope that we can increase the safety, increase the effectiveness and reduce unwanted side effects for new anesthetics.

Ryuji Tose, Tetsuya Kushikata, Hitoshi Yoshida, Mihoko Kudo, Kenichi Furukawa, Shinya Ueno, and Kazuyoshi Hirota

Orexin A Decreases Ketamine-Induced Anesthesia Time in the Rat: The Relevance to Brain Noradrenergic Neuronal Activity
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 491-495. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Orexin A decreases ketamine-induced anesthesia time with noradrenergic neuron in rat. These findings could become a clue to clarify the mechanism of ketamine anesthesia.

Kazuhiro Shirozu, Takashi Akata, Jun Yoshino, Hidekazu Setoguchi, Keiko Morikawa, and Sumio Hoka

The Mechanisms of the Direct Action of Etomidate on Vascular Reactivity in Rat Mesenteric Resistance Arteries
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 496-507. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: In mesenteric resistance arteries, etomidate directly depresses the contractile response to norepinephrine or membrane depolarization by inhibiting myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity and/or intracellular Ca2+ concentration in vascular smooth muscle cells. The observed inability of low concentrations (1-3 {micro}M) of etomidate to cause significant vasodilation is consistent with minimal changes in hemodynamics during standard induction of anesthesia with etomidate in young subjects, whereas the observed direct (i.e., endothelium independent) vasodilator action of higher concentrations of etomidate might underlie systemic hypotension associated with administration of higher doses of etomidate in the clinical setting (e.g., cerebral protection).

TECHNOLOGY, COMPUTING, AND SIMULATION:

Maj-Lis Lindholm, Stefan Träff, Fredrik Granath, Scott D. Greenwald, Anders Ekbom, Claes Lennmarken, and Rolf H. Sandin

Mortality Within 2 Years After Surgery in Relation to Low Intraoperative Bispectral Index Values and Preexisting Malignant Disease
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 508-512. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: If there is any causal impact from time spent at Bispectral Index under 45 on postoperative mortality, this effect is probably very weak in comparison with preexisting malignancy, other co-morbidity and age.

Maxime Cannesson, Henri Musard, Olivier Desebbe, Cécile Boucau, Rémi Simon, Roland Hénaine, and Jean-Jacques Lehot

The Ability of Stroke Volume Variations Obtained with Vigileo/FloTrac System to Monitor Fluid Responsiveness in Mechanically Ventilated Patients
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 513-517. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Stroke volume variations obtained with the Vigileo-FloTrac system allow continuous and automatic monitoring of fluid responsiveness in mechanically ventilated patients. This new device may have clinical impact for fluid optimization in the operating room.

Diana Deckert, Christian Buerkle, Andreas Neurauter, Peter Hamm, Karl H. Lindner, and Volker Wenzel

The Effects of Multiple Infusion Line Extensions on Occlusion Alarm Function of an Infusion Pump (Technical Communication)
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 518-520. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: By increasing the length of infusion lines, the time until an infusion pump triggered a pressure occlusion alarm was critically prolonged, especially at low infusion rates, as is often used for vasopressor support of unstable patients.

PATIENT SAFETY:

George A. Mashour, Luke Y.-J. Wang, Christopher R. Turner, John C. Vandervest, Amy Shanks, and Kevin K. Tremper

A Retrospective Study of Intraoperative Awareness with Methodological Implications
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 521-526. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: This retrospective study found that the incidence of self-reports of intraoperative awareness was not statistically different in patients receiving general anesthesia (0.023%, n = 44,006) compared with those who did not (0.03%, n = 22,885). This finding has methodological implications for the retrospective study of intraoperative awareness.

Mohamed M. Ghoneim, Robert I. Block, Mary Haffarnan, and Maya J. Mathews

Awareness During Anesthesia: Risk Factors, Causes and Sequelae: A Review of Reported Cases in the Literature
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 527-535. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [CME] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Published reports of awareness were reviewed to determine the risk factors, causes and the debilitating symptoms of awareness, and to translate these data into preventive procedures. Risk factors were light anesthesia and a history of awareness. Light anesthesia was the most frequent cause.

Fu S. Xue, He P. Liu, Nong He, Ya C. Xu, Quan Y. Yang, Xu Liao, Xiu Z. Xu, Xin L. Guo, and Yan M. Zhang

Spray-As-You-Go Airway Topical Anesthesia in Patients with a Difficult Airway: A Randomized, Double-Blind Comparison of 2% and 4% Lidocaine
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 536-543. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: This randomized double-blind clinical study demonstrates that both 2% and 4% lidocaine, administered topically to the airway by a spray-as-you-go technique with the fiberoptic bronchoscope, can provide clinically acceptable intubating conditions for awake fiberoptic orotracheal intubation. As compared with 4% lidocaine, however, 2% lidocaine requires a smaller dosage and results in lower plasma concentrations.

Jin Huh, Hwa-Yong Shin, Seong-Hyop Kim, Tae-Kyoon Yoon, and Duk-Kyung Kim

Diagnostic Predictor of Difficult Laryngoscopy: The Hyomental Distance Ratio
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 544-548. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Because optimal visualization of the glottis requires a considerable degree of extension at the occipitoatlantoaxial complex during conventional laryngoscopic intubation, the assessment of its extension capacity is an important predictive test for difficult laryngoscopy. Therefore, we evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of the hyomental distance ratio, defined as the ratio of the hyomental distance values at the extreme of head extension and in the neutral position, in predicting difficult laryngoscopy.

Hany A. Mowafi, Salah A. Ismail, Mohammed A. Shafi, and AbdulMohsin A. Al-Ghamdi

The Efficacy of Perfusion Index as an Indicator for Intravascular Injection of Epinephrine-Containing Epidural Test Dose in Propofol-Anesthetized Adults
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 549-553. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Perfusion index is a reliable alternative to changes in heart rate and systolic blood pressure for detecting intravascular injection of an epinephrine-containing simulated epidural test dose during propofol anesthesia in adults.

CRITICAL CARE AND TRAUMA:

Petros Kopterides, Theodoros Kapetanakis, Ilias I. Siempos, Christina Magkou, Aimilia Pelekanou, Thomas Tsaganos, Evangelos Giamarellos-Bourboulis, Charis Roussos, and Apostolos Armaganidis

Short-Term Administration of a High Oxygen Concentration Is Not Injurious in an Ex-Vivo Rabbit Model of Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 556-564. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Short-term administration of a high oxygen concentration is not a major determinant of ventilator-induced lung injury in this experimental model. When mechanical ventilation is instituted for a limited time (for example, in the operating room or in the initial phase of trauma and septic shock resuscitation), the main focus should probably be on the avoidance of lung over-distention and not of high oxygen concentration.

Dave A. Dongelmans, Denise P. Veelo, Frederique Paulus, Bas A. J. M. de Mol, Johanna C. Korevaar, Anna Kudoga, Pauline Middelhoek, Jan M. Binnekade, and Marcus J. Schultz

Weaning Automation with Adaptive Support Ventilation: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Cardiothoracic Surgery Patients
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 565-571. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: This study shows that weaning automation with adaptive support ventilation (ASV) of non-fast-track coronary artery bypass grafting patients is feasible and safe. Time until tracheal extubation with ASV equals time until tracheal extubation with pressure-controlled/pressure-support weaning. ASV allows for frequent (automatic) switches from controlled to assisted ventilation.

OBSTETRIC ANESTHESIOLOGY:

Samuel M. Galvagno, Jr. and William Camann

Sepsis and Acute Renal Failure in Pregnancy (Review Article)
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 572-575. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [CME] [Request Permissions]  

Barbara M. Scavone

Society for Obstetric Anesthesia and Perinatology 2008 Annual Meeting Summary (Meeting Report)
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 576-578. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

ECONOMICS, EDUCATION, AND POLICY:

Franklin Dexter, Lee Birchansky, James M. Bernstein, and Ruth E. Wachtel

Case Scheduling Preferences of One Surgeon's Cataract Surgery Patients
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 579-582. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: One surgeon's cataract surgery patients place a high value on convenience and flexibility in outpatient surgery scheduling. If general, this would be achievable only if many operating rooms were available each morning.

Brenda G. Fahy

Acute Pain Management Efficiency Improves with Point-of-Care Handheld Electronic Billing System (Technical Communication)
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 583-587. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The implementation of a handheld point-of-care electronic billing system improved business efficiency for an acute pain management service with an improved collection rate, decrease in charge lag days and a positive return on investment.

NEUROSURGICAL ANESTHESIOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE:

Carmela Imperiale, Giuseppina Magni, Roberto Favaro, and Giovanni Rosa

Intracranial Pressure Monitoring During Percutaneous Tracheostomy "Percutwist" in Critically Ill Neurosurgery Patients
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 588-592. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: We describe the effects of the Percutwist percutaneous tracheostomy in brain-injured patients. We found the technique to be associated with no clinically significant increase in Paco2 or intracranial pressure.

Ruut M. Laitio, Jaakko W. Långsjö, Sargo Aalto, Kaike K. Kaisti, Elina Salmi, Anu Maksimow, Riku Aantaa, Vesa Oikonen, Tapio Viljanen, Riitta Parkkola, and Harry Scheinin

The Effects of Xenon Anesthesia on the Relationship Between Cerebral Glucose Metabolism and Blood Flow in Healthy Subjects: A Positron Emission Tomography Study
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 593-600. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Data Supplement]  [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Xenon anesthesia reduced markedly regional cerebral glucose metabolism with a concomitant smaller reduction in regional cerebral blood flow.

Stéphanie Sigaut, Virginie Jannier, Danielle Rouelle, Pierre Gressens, Jean Mantz, and Souhayl Dahmani

The Preconditioning Effect of Sevoflurane on the Oxygen Glucose-Deprived Hippocampal Slice: The Role of Tyrosine Kinases and Duration of Ischemia
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 601-608. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Sevoflurane exerts a preconditioning effect against ischemic cell death in the rat acute hippocampal slice, depending on both tyrosine kinases and duration of ischemia. Therefore, the duration of ischemia may represent a critical factor to account for the variability in the neuroprotective efficacy of anesthetics in experimental models.

Ayelet Eran and Michal Barak

Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome After Combined General and Spinal Anesthesia with Intrathecal Morphine (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 609-612. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: We describe a case in which a patient developed posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome after combined general-spinal anesthesia. The patient recovered spontaneously within days and the magnetic resonance findings resolved.

Ashraf A. Dahaba, Guo Xun Xu, Qing Hai Liu, Ji Xiu Xue, and Helfried Metzler

Bispectral Index Monitoring of a Narcolepsy-Cataplexy Episode During Regional Anesthesia (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 613-615. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: We present a distinctive Bispectral Index monitoring profile of a case of narcolepsy or Gelineau syndrome that could offer an early warning of an imminent episode, with its associated hazards, in patients with narcolepsy-cataplexy undergoing surgery under regional anesthesia.

GENERAL ARTICLES:

Mario R. Concha, Verónica F. Mertz, Luis I. Cortínez, Katya A. González, Jean M. Butte, Francisco López, George Pinedo, and Alvaro Zúñiga

The Volume of Lactated Ringer's Solution Required to Maintain Preload and Cardiac Index During Open and Laparoscopic Surgery
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 616-622. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Transesophageal echocardiography guidance suggests that crystalloid replacement therapy for colorectal surgery is approximately 6 mL {middle dot} kg-1 {middle dot} h-1 for open procedures and 3 mL {middle dot} kg-1 {middle dot} h-1 for laparoscopic procedures.

ANALGESIA:

Ian Gilron, Elizabeth Orr, Dongsheng Tu, C. Dale Mercer, and David Bond

A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial of Perioperative Administration of Gabapentin, Meloxicam and Their Combination for Spontaneous and Movement-Evoked Pain After Ambulatory Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 623-630. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: This trial does not support combining meloxicam and gabapentin for pain relief after ambulatory laparoscopic cholecystectomy, although nausea was reduced with the combination. Future procedure-specific trials are needed to further evaluate the merits of different analgesic combinations.

Andrew D. Farmery and James Wilson-MacDonald

The Analgesic Effect of Epidural Clonidine After Spinal Surgery: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial (Brief Report)
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 631-634. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Epidural clonidine alone reduces analgesic requirement after spinal surgery, whereas preserving motor and sensory pathways.

Makiko Komori, Katsumi Takada, Yasuko Tomizawa, Keiko Nishiyama, Izumi Kondo, Miwako Kawamata, and Makoto Ozaki

Microcirculatory Responses to Acupuncture Stimulation and Phototherapy
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 635-640. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Changes in arteriolar blood flow were directly observed with the use of a rabbit ear chamber attached to the auricles of rabbits. Intravital microscopic visualization of the microcirculation showed that acupuncture stimulation and phototherapy increase arteriolar diameter, blood flow velocity, and blood flow rate.

Philippe Cuvillon, Emmanuel Nouvellon, Jacques Ripart, Jean-Christophe Boyer, Laurence Dehour, Aba Mahamat, Joel L’Hermite, Christophe Boisson, Nathalie Vialles, Jean Yves Lefrant, and Jean Emmanuel de La Coussaye

A Comparison of the Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics of Bupivacaine, Ropivacaine (with Epinephrine) and Their Equal Volume Mixtures with Lidocaine Used for Femoral and Sciatic Nerve Blocks: A Double-Blind Randomized Study
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 641-649. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Bupivacaine and ropivacaine were compared with a 50:50 mixture of lidocaine-bupivacaine or lidocaine-ropivacaine for femoral-sciatic blocks. Mixture solutions induced faster onset times, reduced duration of block and provided similar pain relief. The mixed solutions had lower plasma concentrations of bupivacaine and ropivacaine. Mixtures of local anesthetics offer properties that may have some benefits over single-drug solutions.

André Riesmeier, Alexander Schellhaass, Joachim Boldt, and Stefan Suttner

Crystalloid/Colloid Versus Crystalloid Intravascular Volume Administration Before Spinal Anesthesia in Elderly Patients: The Influence on Cardiac Output and Stroke Volume
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 650-654. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: We compared the influence of crystalloid/colloid versus crystalloid intravascular volume administration before spinal anesthesia on cardiac output using a thoracic electrical bioimpedance device. Volume preload with saline plus hydroxyethyl starch prevented a decrease in cardiac output but did not prevent spinal-induced hypotension in elderly patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate.

Nusa Zorko, Mirt Kamenik, and Vito Starc

The Effect of Trendelenburg Position, Lactated Ringer’s Solution and 6% Hydroxyethyl Starch Solution on Cardiac Output After Spinal Anesthesia
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 655-659. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Trendelenburg position, infusion of 6% hydroxyethyl starch solution or infusion of lactated Ringer's solution, each prevented a decrease of cardiac output after spinal anesthesia. In the group of patients receiving 6% hydroxyethyl starch solution, cardiac output remained increased compared to the two other groups even after discontinuation of the infusion.

Junichi Ota, Shinichi Sakura, Kaoru Hara, and Yoji Saito

Ultrasound-Guided Anterior Approach to Sciatic Nerve Block: A Comparison with the Posterior Approach
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 660-665. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The anterior approach to sciatic nerve block has rarely been performed due to lack of reliable surface anatomical landmarks and technical difficulty. The present report shows that with ultrasound guidance the anterior approach to sciatic nerve block is performed as easily and reliably as the posterior approach in patients undergoing knee surgery.

Istvan Batai, Lajos Bogar, Vera Juhasz, Reka Batai, and Monika Kerenyi

A Comparison of the Antimicrobial Property of Lidocaine/Prilocaine Cream (EMLA®) and an Alcohol-Based Disinfectant on Intact Human Skin Flora (Brief Report)
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 666-668. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: EMLA(R) cream is bactericidal initially and has a superior bacteriostatic effect on hands only after 4 h compared to the alcohol-based disinfectant Skinsept Pur(R).

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR:

Chitra Rajeswari Thangaswamy and Lenin Babu Elakkumanan

Maximum Recommended Dose for Local Anesthetic Mixture
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 669. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Harshad Gurnaney, Paul Stricker, and Arjunan Ganesh

An Ounce of Prevention Is Worth a Pound of Cure: Regional Anesthesia in Children
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 669. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Michael Pham and Steven M. Neustein

A Needlestick Injury With the Introcan Safety Needle
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 669-670. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Jacques E. Chelly

Do We Really Need an Interval Between Administering Fondaparinux and Removing a Lumbar Plexus Catheter?
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 670-671. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Nadia Rosencher

Do We Really Need an Interval Between Administering Fondaparinux and Removing a Lumbar Plexus Catheter?
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 671-672. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Christiane Hartog, Frank Brunkhorst, and Konrad Reinhart

Hydroxyethyl Starch 130/0.4 and Surgical Blood Loss
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 672. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Sibylle A. Kozek-Langenecker, Cornelius Jungheinrich, Wilhelm Sauermann, and Philippe van der Linden

Hydroxyethyl Starch 130/0.4 and Surgical Blood Loss
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 672-673. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Mirsad Dupanovic

Nasotracheal Intubation, Direct Laryngoscopy and the GlideScope®
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 674. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Philip M. Jones and Timothy P. Turkstra

Nasotracheal Intubation, Direct Laryngoscopy and the GlideScope®
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 674. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Satyajeet Misra and Thomas Koshy

Anesthesia in Developing Countries: One-Way Traffic?
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 674-675. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Stefan Jochberger, Wolfgang Lederer, Viktoria D. Mayr, Günter Luckner, Volker Wenzel, Feruza Ismailova, Hanno Ulmer, Walter R. Hasibeder, Martin W. Dünser for the "Helfen Berührt" Study Team

Anesthesia in Developing Countries: One-Way Traffic?
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 675. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Margaret F. Brock and Raymond C. Roy

Random Urine Drug Testing
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 676. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Michael G. Fitzsimons, Keith Baker, Edward Lowenstein, and Warren Zapol

Random Urine Drug Testing
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 676-677. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Brian J. Egan and Carlee Clark

A Spurious Increase of Core Temperature During Laparoscopy
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 677. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

BOOK AND MULTIMEDIA REVIEWS:

Mark E. Nunnally

The Vasopressinergic System: Physiology and Implications for the Treatment of Shock. Vol. 22, No. 2 in Best Practice and Research Clinical Anesthesiology
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 678. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Elizabeth A. M. Frost

Essentials of Neuroanesthesia and Neurointensive Care
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 678-679. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

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