EDITORIALS:

Alex Macario

Truth in Scheduling: Is It Possible to Accurately Predict How Long a Surgical Case Will Last?
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 681-685. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Alan H. B. Wu

Gender-Specific Decision Limits for Cardiac Troponin for Risk Stratification?
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 686-688. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Brendan S. Silbert and Paul S. Myles

Is Fast-Track Cardiac Anesthesia Now the Global Standard of Care?
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 689-691. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Jerrold H. Levy and Kenichi A. Tanaka

Anticoagulation and Reversal Paradigms: Is Too Much of a Good Thing Bad?
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 692-694. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Randall C. Wetzel

Who Is Doing What to Whom: A Large Prospective Study of Propofol Anesthesia in Children
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 695-698. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Guy L. Weinberg

Banning Benzocaine: Of Bananas, Bureaucrats, and Blue Men
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 699-701. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Sorin J. Brull

Patient Safety Revisited: Reliability Is Paramount
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 702-703. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Johan Raeder

Opioid or Propofol: What Kind of Drug for What Kind of Sedation? Manual Dosing or Target-Controlled Infusion?
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 704-706. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Jeffrey M. Feldman

Is It a Bird? Is It a Plane? The Role of Patient Monitors in Medical Decision Making
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 707-710. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Jerome Parness

You’re "Hot" from Pumping Iron?
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 711-713. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

CARDIOVASCULAR ANESTHESIOLOGY:

Joshua D. Stearns, Victor G. Dávila-Román, Benico Barzilai, Richard E. Thompson, Kelly L. Grogan, Betsy Thomas, and Charles W. Hogue, Jr

Prognostic Value of Troponin I Levels for Predicting Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes in Postmenopausal Women Undergoing Cardiac Surgery
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 719-726. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: In this study of 175 postmenopausal women undergoing cardiac surgery we found that a troponin I level on postoperative day 1 >7.6 ng/mL (95% confidence interval, 6.4-10.8) identified risk for major adverse cardiovascular events (operative death, low cardiac output state, and Q-wave myocardial infarction) with high negative predictive value (96%) and moderate positive predictive value (40%).

Vesna Svircevic, Arno P. Nierich, Karel G. M. Moons, George J. Brandon Bravo Bruinsma, Cor J. Kalkman, and Diederik van Dijk

Fast-Track Anesthesia and Cardiac Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study of 7989 Patients
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 727-733. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: In a retrospective cohort study, we compared the safety of fast-track cardiac anesthesia and conventional cardiac anesthesia in 7998 patients undergoing cardiac surgery. The data showed no evidence of an increased risk of adverse outcomes in patients undergoing fast-track cardiac anesthesia.

Yue Dai, Anna Lee, Lester A. H. Critchley, and Paul F. White

Does Thromboelastography Predict Postoperative Thromboembolic Events? A Systematic Review of the Literature
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 734-742. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Based on the available data in the peer-reviewed literature, the predictive accuracy of thromboelastography (TEG) for postoperative thromboembolic events is highly variable. Therefore, more data are needed to determine if TEG is a clinically useful screening test for this purpose.

Markus Mittermayr, Corinna Velik-Salchner, Berndt Stalzer, Josef Margreiter, Anton Klingler, Werner Streif, Dietmar Fries, and Petra Innerhofer

Detection of Protamine and Heparin After Termination of Cardiopulmonary Bypass by Thrombelastometry (ROTEM®): Results of a Pilot Study
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 743-750. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: In patients showing increased bleeding and prolonged activated clotting time after cardiopulmonary bypass, the ROTEM assay might be useful in excluding effects of residual heparin. A combination of activated clotting time measurements and the ROTEM assay might reduce the frequency of additional protamine administration, which in this study provided no measurable benefit.

Thomas Lang, Kai Johanning, Helfried Metzler, Siegfried Piepenbrock, Cristina Solomon, Niels Rahe-Meyer, and Kenichi A. Tanaka

The Effects of Fibrinogen Levels on Thromboelastometric Variables in the Presence of Thrombocytopenia
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 751-758. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The maintenance of fibrinogen concentration is critical for maintaining clot strength in the presence of moderate thrombocytopenia. Cytochalasin D-modified thromboelastometry may be useful in guiding fibrinogen repletion therapy.

Jeanne E. Hendrickson and Christopher D. Hillyer

Noninfectious Serious Hazards of Transfusion (Review Article)
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 759-769. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Darrell J. Triulzi

Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury: Current Concepts for the Clinician (Review Article)
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 770-776. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [CME] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: TRALI is an acute lung injury syndrome associated with transfusion and nows represents the most common cause of death from transfusion. Physician who transfuse patient must be familiar with the recognition and management of this complication.

Shobana Chandrasekhar, Christopher R. Cook, and Charles D. Collard

Cardiac Surgery in the Parturient (Review Article)
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 777-785. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Rob C. Tanzola, Rene Allard, and Andrew Hamilton

Intraoperative Transesophageal Echocardiography for an Intracavitary Left Ventricular Lipoma (Echo Rounds)
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 786-787. [Full Text] [PDF] [Echo Loops]  [Request Permissions]  

Roman M. Sniecinski, Jack S. Shanewise, and Kathryn E. Glas

Transesophageal Echocardiography of a Unicuspid Aortic Valve (Echo Rounds)
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 788-789. [Full Text] [PDF] [Echo Loops]  [Request Permissions]  

Tero Varpula, Janne Rapola, Marko Sallisalmi, and Jouni Kurola

Treatment of Serious Calcium Channel Blocker Overdose With Levosimendan, a Calcium Sensitizer (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 790-792. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: We describe two patients who survived a serious calcium channel blocker overdose. The calcium sensitizer levosimendan was used to stabilize hemodynamics and has unique potential benefits in this setting.

PEDIATRIC ANESTHESIOLOGY:

Joseph P. Cravero, Michael L. Beach, George T. Blike, Susan M. Gallagher, James H. Hertzog, and Pediatric Sedation Research Consortium

The Incidence and Nature of Adverse Events During Pediatric Sedation/Anesthesia With Propofol for Procedures Outside the Operating Room: A Report From the Pediatric Sedation Research Consortium
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 795-804. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: We present an analysis of the adverse events associated with almost 50,000 propofol sedation/anesthesia cases provided by a mixed group of pediatric specialists outside the operating room. The results of this investigation help us to understand the incidence of various complications during propofol sedation/anesthesia when delivered by a variety of care systems. These data also provide an evidence base for the education and training that should be the basis of privileging providers for this type of anesthesia.

Pablo Ingelmo, Geoff Frawley, Marinella Astuto, Chris Duffy, Susan Donath, Nicola Disma, Giuseppe Rosano, Roberto Fumagalli, and Antonio Gullo

Relative Analgesic Potencies of Levobupivacaine and Ropivacaine for Caudal Anesthesia in Children
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 805-813. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: During one minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration sevoflurane anesthesia, levobupivacaine and ropivacaine have similar 50% effective dose (ED50) and ED95 values. At the clinically relevant ED95 dose, the maximum difference in potency was 11%.

Joris Lemson, Charlotte M. Hofhuizen, Olaf Schraa, Jos J. Settels, Gert Jan Scheffer, and Johannes G. van der Hoeven

The Reliability of Continuous Noninvasive Finger Blood Pressure Measurement in Critically Ill Children
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 814-821. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: A {beta} type finger blood pressure measurement device for children is capable of continuous noninvasive measurement of blood pressure in critically ill children. After further development, this technique could be useful in various clinical situations.

Senthilkumar Sadhasivam, Lindsey L. Cohen, Alexandra Szabova, Anna Varughese, Charles Dean Kurth, Paul Willging, Yu Wang, Todd G. Nick, and Joel Gunter

Real-Time Assessment of Perioperative Behaviors and Prediction of Perioperative Outcomes (Brief Report)
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 822-826. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: We describe a simple and real-time perioperative behavioral assessment scale for children and parents, the Perioperative Adult Child Behavioral Interaction Scale. It demonstrated good concurrent validity with other perioperative behavioral and psychometric scales and had good predictive validity with respect to postanesthetic emergence excitement.

AMBULATORY ANESTHESIOLOGY:

Annelies T. Moerman, Luc L. Herregods, Martine M. De Vos, Eric P. Mortier, and Michel M. R. F. Struys

Manual Versus Target-Controlled Infusion Remifentanil Administration in Spontaneously Breathing Patients
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 828-834. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: When providing deep sedation for colonoscopy, propofol plus remifentanil provides better operating conditions, especially if remifentanil is given using a target-controlled infusion system, as this provides similar outcomes but with a lower incidence of respiratory depression.

ANESTHETIC PHARMACOLOGY:

Joanne Guay

Methemoglobinemia Related to Local Anesthetics: A Summary of 242 Episodes
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 837-845. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Local anesthetic-related methemoglobinemia is a recurring problem and may lead to life-threatening events. The clinical use of benzocaine and prilocaine needs to be reassessed.

Paul F. White, Burcu Tufanogullari, Ozlem Sacan, Edward G. Pavlin, Oscar J. Viegas, Harold S. Minkowitz, and M. E. Hudson

The Effect of Residual Neuromuscular Blockade on the Speed of Reversal with Sugammadex
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 846-851. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Sugammadex, 4 mg/kg IV, given in the presence of >=1 (vs 0) twitch responses in a train-of-four (TOF) was associated with a faster recovery to a TOF ratio of 0.9 (104{+/-}73 vs 173{+/-}162 s). Although residual rocuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade is rapidly reversed in most patients with sugammadex when it is administered >15 min after the last dose of the relaxant, 16% and 9% of the patients in the 0 and >=1 twitch groups, respectively, failed to recover to a TOF of 0.9 within 5 min.

Alexandre Lallo, Valerie Billard, and Jean-Louis Bourgain

A Comparison of Propofol and Remifentanil Target-Controlled Infusions to Facilitate Fiberoptic Nasotracheal Intubation
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 852-857. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Target-controlled infusion allows rapid and easy titration of both remifentanil and propofol to facilitate fiberoptic nasotracheal intubation. Use of remifentanil results in greater patient cooperation.

Yasushi Mio, Yon Hee Shim, Ebony Richards, Zeljko J. Bosnjak, Paul S. Pagel, and Martin Bienengraeber

Xenon Preconditioning: The Role of Prosurvival Signaling, Mitochondrial Permeability Transition and Bioenergetics in Rats
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 858-866. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Xenon exposure before prolonged ischemia and reperfusion produces cardioprotection by stimulating prosurvival signaling kinases that target mitochondria in the rat heart. The cardioprotective effects of xenon were also observed after isolation of mitochondria.

Linda S. Barter, Laurie O. Mark, and Joseph F. Antognini

Proprioceptive Function Is More Sensitive than Motor Function to Desflurane Anesthesia
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 867-872. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: The neural sites where general anesthetics act to produce immobility are not known. Sub-immobilizing doses of desflurane impaired accuracy and pattern, but not speed or strength of hindlimb movement in frogs performing hindlimb wiping reflex. This suggests that the most anesthetic-sensitive component of the spinal neural circuitry underlying movement generation in response to noxious stimulus is prior to the level of the motoneuron.

TECHNOLOGY, COMPUTING, AND SIMULATION:

J. Mark Ansermino, Jeremy P. Daniels, Randy T. Hewgill, Joanne Lim, Ping Yang, Chris J. Brouse, Guy A. Dumont, and John B. Bowering

An Evaluation of a Novel Software Tool for Detecting Changes in Physiological Monitoring
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 873-880. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Software algorithms can automatically detect trend changes in physiologic monitoring.

Rob Phillips, Peter Lichtenthal, Julie Sloniger, Darryl Burstow, Malcolm West, and Jack Copeland

Noninvasive Cardiac Output Measurement in Heart Failure Subjects on Circulatory Support
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 881-886. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: This study confirmed the feasibility and accuracy of USCOM measurements of circulation in adult heart failure patients with total artificial heart transplants. Signals were easy to acquire suggesting USCOM may be a useful clinical tool in perioperative cardiac intensive care.

Duane J. Funk, Eugene W. Moretti, and Tong J. Gan

Minimally Invasive Cardiac Output Monitoring in the Perioperative Setting (Review Article)
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 887-897. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Due to the rapid increase in the number of devices that measure CO noninvasively, clinicians need to familiarize themselves with the technologies and available literature to appreciate the proven indications and the questions that remain to be answered to determine the roles of each technology in clinical practice.

Emil H. Annabi and Steven J. Barker

Severe Methemoglobinemia Detected by Pulse Oximetry (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 898-899. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: This case report demonstrates that life-threatening, drug-induced methemoglobinemia can be diagnosed and monitored using a new multiwavelength pulse oximeter, the Masimo Rad-57. This new device can detect methemoglobin without the delays inherent in laboratory blood analysis, and it can monitor the effectiveness of treatment.

PATIENT SAFETY:

John F. Capacchione, Matthew C. Radimer, Jeffrey S. Sagel, Gregory P. Kraus, Nyamkhishig Sambuughin, and Sheila M. Muldoon

Trauma, Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome, Dietary Supplements, Illicit Steroid Use and a Questionable Malignant Hyperthermia Reaction (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 900-903. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: A combination of unusual environmental factors may have altered the intracellular skeletal muscle milieu to induce or exacerbate a malignant hyperthermia -like response in this patient.

Martin H. Dauber and Steven Roth

Operating Table Failure: Another Hazard of Spine Surgery (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 904-905. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: As the number of spine surgeries continues to increase, anesthesiologists must deal with and understand the limitations of specialized operating room tables.

CASE REPORTS:

Keira P. Mason, Steven Zgleszewski, Roberta E. Forman, Cynthia Stark, and James A. DiNardo

An Exaggerated Hypertensive Response to Glycopyrrolate Therapy for Bradycardia Associated with High-Dose Dexmedetomidine (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 906-908. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: High-dose dexmedetomidine can induce bradycardia in children which, if treated with glycopyrrolate, can result in exaggerated hypertension.

CRITICAL CARE AND TRAUMA:

Hermann Heinze, Beate Sedemund-Adib, Matthias Heringlake, Torsten Meier, and Wolfgang Eichler

Changes in Functional Residual Capacity During Weaning from Mechanical Ventilation: A Pilot Study
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 911-915. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: We found a reduction of functional residual capacity during weaning from mechanical ventilation after cardiac surgery, which may, at least in part, be explained by alveolar derecruitment. Measurement of functional residual capacity could help guide respiratory therapy.

Alexandra Lau, Vera von Dossow, Michael Sander, Martin MacGuill, Nadine Lanzke, and Claudia Spies

Alcohol Use Disorder and Perioperative Immune Dysfunction (Review Article)
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 916-920. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

OBSTETRIC ANESTHESIOLOGY:

Stephen H. Halpern and Brendan Carvalho

Patient-Controlled Epidural Analgesia for Labor (Review Article)
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 921-928. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [CME] [Request Permissions]  

ECONOMICS, EDUCATION, AND POLICY:

Franklin Dexter, Richard H. Epstein, John D. Lee, and Johannes Ledolter

Automatic Updating of Times Remaining in Surgical Cases Using Bayesian Analysis of Historical Case Duration Data and "Instant Messaging" Updates from Anesthesia Providers
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 929-940. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Operating room whiteboards (status displays) communicate times remaining in ongoing cases to the perioperative stakeholders (e.g., postanesthesia care unit, anesthesiologists, holding area, and control desks). We derived a Bayesian method to calculate remaining operating room time and implemented it on an anesthesia information management system.

Richard H. Epstein, Franklin Dexter, Jesse M. Ehrenfeld, and Warren S. Sandberg

Implications of Event Entry Latency on Anesthesia Information Management Decision Support Systems
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 941-947. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Decision support systems based on events recorded in anesthesia information management systems are sensitive to missing or delayed documentation and to the interval between successive queries. Decision support system developers should analyze the impact of such latencies on the performance of their system's recommendations and on user's trust in those recommendations.

Robert R. Gaiser

The Teaching of Professionalism During Residency: Why It Is Failing and a Suggestion to Improve Its Success (Review Article)
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 948-954. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

NEUROSURGICAL ANESTHESIOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE:

Lionel J. Velly, Paula T. Canas, Benjamin A. Guillet, Christelle N. Labrande, Frédérique M. Masmejean, André L. Nieoullon, François M. Gouin, Nicolas J. Bruder, and Pascale S. Pisano

Early Anesthetic Preconditioning in Mixed Cortical Neuronal-Glial Cell Cultures Subjected to Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation: The Role of Adenosine Triphosphate Dependent Potassium Channels and Reactive Oxygen Species in Sevoflurane-Induced Neuroprotection
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 955-963. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: This study compares neuroprotection afforded by sevoflurane exposure before (early preconditioning) or during (direct neuroprotection) transient oxygen glucose deprivation on mixed cortical neuronal-glial cell cultures and investigates possible mechanisms involved in neuroprotection induced by sevoflurane preconditioning.

Sufang Yang, Nabil J. Alkayed, Patricia D. Hurn, and Jeffrey R. Kirsch

Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate Response Element-Binding Protein Phosphorylation and Neuroprotection by 4-Phenyl-1-(4-Phenylbutyl) Piperidine (PPBP)
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 964-970. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: We have previously demonstrated that systemic administration of sigma receptor agonists prevents brain injury resulting from cerebral ischemia. The current study demonstrates that the mechanism of protection afforded by sigma receptor agonists occurs via activation of the transcription factor cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-binding protein.

Andreas Schneider, Bernd W. Böttiger, and Erik Popp

Cerebral Resuscitation After Cardiocirculatory Arrest (Review Article)
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 971-979. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [CME] [Request Permissions]  

Justin J. Wright, Peter D. Goodnight, and Matthew D. McEvoy

The Utility of Ketamine for the Preoperative Management of a Patient with Parkinson’s Disease (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 980-982. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Video Clip]  [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: This case report describes the use of ketamine for management of a patient with advanced Parkinson's disease resulting in complete abolition of severe dyskinesia.

GENERAL ARTICLES:

Ren Liao, Quanyun Wang, and Jin Liu

2008 Sichuan Meeting Report: The 13th Changjiang Drainage Area Conference of Anesthesiology, the 2008 Western China Conference of Anesthesiology and the 16th Sichuan Annual Meeting of Anesthesiology (Meeting Report)
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 983-985. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

ANALGESIA:

Akifumi Kanai, Yuka Segawa, Takashi Okamoto, Masanori Koto, and Hirotsugu Okamoto

The Analgesic Effect of a Metered-Dose 8% Lidocaine Pump Spray In Posttraumatic Peripheral Neuropathy: A Pilot Study
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 987-991. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Topical application of 8% lidocaine using a metered-dose pump spray produced prompt analgesia without serious adverse reactions in patients with posttraumatic peripheral neuropathy.

Kyo S. Kim, Kyu N. Kim, Kyung G. Hwang, and Chang J. Park

Capsicum Plaster at the Hegu Point Reduces Postoperative Analgesic Requirement After Orthognathic Surgery
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 992-996. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Capsicum plaster at Hegu point (LI 4) can contribute to a postoperative analgesic effect in adults undergoing orthognathic surgery.

Rosalia Perez-Castro, Sohin Patel, Zayra V. Garavito-Aguilar, Andrew Rosenberg, Esperanza Recio-Pinto, Jin Zhang, Thomas J. J. Blanck, and Fang Xu

Cytotoxicity of Local Anesthetics in Human Neuronal Cells
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 997-1007. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Local anesthetics can cause acute cell death and trigger apoptosis, which may be involved in different postoperative neurological complications.

Shunsuke Chiba, Tomoki Nishiyama, and Yoshitsugu Yamada

The Antinociceptive Effects and Pharmacological Properties of JM-1232(-): A Novel Isoindoline Derivative
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 1008-1014. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: A novel isoindoline derivative, JM-1232(-) was developed as a sedative and analgesic drug. We found that systemically administered JM-1232(-) had antinociceptive effects on acute thermal, mechanical-induced pain, and visceral pain in mice, which may be clinically important.

Wei Zhang, Chang-Xi Shi, Xiao-ping Gu, Zheng-Liang Ma, and Wei Zhu

Ifenprodil Induced Antinociception and Decreased the Expression of NR2B Subunits in the Dorsal Horn After Chronic Dorsal Root Ganglia Compression in Rats
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 1015-1020. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: This study demonstrated that ifenprodil induced antinociception in chronic compression of the dorsal root ganglia in rats, providing evidence of the importance of NR2B subunits in the development of neuropathic pain.

Livia Puljak, Sanja Lovric Kojundzic, Quinn H. Hogan, and Damir Sapunar

Lidocaine Injection into the Rat Dorsal Root Ganglion Causes Neuroinflammation
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 1021-1026. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: A potential complication of selective spinal nerve blocks is unintended injection into the spinal nerve or dorsal root ganglion. Our findings show that this may cause neuroinflammation in the dorsal root ganglion and neuropathic pain. Every effort should be made to minimize risk of these neural injuries.

Chi-Fei Wang, Alimorad G. Djalali, Ankur Gandhi, David Knaack, Umberto De Girolami, Gary Strichartz, and Peter Gerner

An Absorbable Local Anesthetic Matrix Provides Several Days of Functional Sciatic Nerve Blockade
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 1027-1033. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: A controlled-release drug delivery system, intended for use in bone and consisting of a Food and Drug Administration-approved matrix, locally delivering lidocaine free base, provided noceciptive block for several days. No overt local or systemic adverse effects were observed from implanting the lidocaine-containing matrix at the rat sciatic nerve.

Vincent Minville, Agnés Gendre, Jan Hirsch, Stein Silva, Benoît Bourdet, Carole Barbero, Olivier Fourcade, Kamran Samii, and Hervé Bouaziz

The Efficacy of Skin Temperature for Block Assessment After Infraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 1034-1036. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Skin temperature assessment with an infrared thermometer provides a reliable, simple, and early indication for a successful block. This technique may be a useful tool to assess infraclavicular block onset in clinical practice.

Taylan Akkaya, Emine Ozturk, Ayhan Comert, Yesim Ates, Haluk Gumus, Halil Ozturk, Ibrahim Tekdemir, and Alaittin Elhan

Ultrasound-Guided Obturator Nerve Block: A Sonoanatomic Study of a New Methodologic Approach
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 1037-1041. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: This study describes a more proximal approach to obturator nerve block. The technique was performed with ultrasound guidance and landmarks, which were first defined in cadavers, and was followed by imaging of the landmarks in volunteers. The approach was subsequently tested on chronic pain patients with satisfactory results.

Manuel Taboada, Jaime Rodríguez, Cristina Valiño, Miriam Vazquez, María Bermúdez, Julian Alvarez, and Peter G. Atanassoff

Two Unusual Cases of Urinary Incontinence During Continuous Sciatic Nerve Block with Stimulating Catheters (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 1042-1043. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

IMPLICATIONS: Urinary incontinence may be a complication during continuous sciatic nerve block using a proximal Labat's approach.

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR:

Hiroyuki Kinoshita, Noboru Hatakeyama, Toshiyuki Minonishi, and Yoshio Hatano

Severity of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome May Affect Postoperative Hypoxemia in Morbidly Obese Patients
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 1044. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Shireen Ahmad and Robert J. McCarthy

Severity of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome May Affect Postoperative Hypoxemia in Morbidly Obese Patients
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 1044. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Frank J. Overdyk and Qanta Ahmed

Postoperative Monitoring of Obese Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 1044-1045. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Shireen Ahmad and Robert J. McCarthy

Postoperative Monitoring of Obese Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 1045. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Manuel Muñoz, José A. García-Erce, and Jorge Cuenca

Management of Postoperative Anemia After Lower Limb Arthroplasty in Patients Over 65 Years Old
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 1045-1046. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Niamh P. Conlon, Eilis P. Bale, G. Peter Herbison, and Maire McCarroll

Management of Postoperative Anemia After Lower Limb Arthroplasty in Patients Over 65 Years Old
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 1046. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Peter W. Dion

Cardiac Troponin Surveillance After Abdominal Aortic Surgery
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 1046-1047. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Srinivas Mantha, Michael F. Roizen, Joseph Foss, and John E. Ellis

Cardiac Troponin Surveillance After Abdominal Aortic Surgery
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 1047-1048. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Mindaugas Pranevicius and Osvaldas Pranevicius

Non-Opioid Anesthesia with Esmolol Avoids Opioid-Induced Hyperalgesia and Reduces Fentanyl Requirement After Laparoscopy
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 1048. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

David M. Rothenberg

Proper Diagnosis and Treatment of Transurethral Resection of the Prostate Syndrome Requires More than Transesophageal Doppler
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 1048-1049. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Patrick Schober, Stephan A. Loer, and Lothar A. Schwarte

Proper Diagnosis and Treatment of Transurethral Resection of the Prostate Syndrome Requires More than Transesophageal Doppler
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 1049. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Peter Kranke, Norbert Roewer, Andrew F. Smith, Swen N. Piper, Jan Wallenborn, and Leopold H. J. Eberhart

Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting: What Are We Waiting For?
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 1049-1050. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Lance Lichtor and Peter S. Glass

Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting: What Are We Waiting For?
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 1050-1051. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

André A. J. Van Zundert and Ruben A. Lee

Intubation Difficulties in Obese Patients
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 1051. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Vincent Minville, Hélène Gonzalez, and Olivier Fourcade

Intubation Difficulties in Obese Patients
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 1051-1052. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Shashank Saxena

The ASA Difficult Airway Algorithm: Is It Time to Include Video Laryngoscopy and Discourage Blind and Multiple Intubation Attempts in the Nonemergency Pathway?
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 1052. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

BOOK AND MULTIMEDIA REVIEWS:

Robert E. Johnstone

Manual of Anesthesia Practice.
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 1053. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

ERRATA:

ERRATUM
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 982. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

ERRATUM
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 985. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

ERRATUM
Anesth Analg 2009 108: 991. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

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