EDITORIALS:

Kenneth J. Tuman and Robert J. McCarthy

Individualizing ß-Adrenergic Blocker Therapy: Patient-Specific Target-Based Heart Rate Control
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 475. [Full Text] En Espanol  

CARDIOVASCULAR ANESTHESIA:

Khether E. Raby, Sorin J. Brull, Farris Timimi, Shamsuddin Akhtar, Stanley Rosenbaum, Cameron Naimi, and Anthony D. Whittemore

The Effect of Heart Rate Control on Myocardial Ischemia Among High-Risk Patients After Vascular Surgery
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 477. [Abstract] [Full Text] En Espanol  

Implications: Patients who undergo peripheral vascular surgery often experience transient cardiac complications and/or permanent heart damage just after surgery because of inadequate myocardial blood flow. In this study, we identified patients at high risk of cardiac complications after vascular surgery and showed that if their heart rate was carefully controlled for 48 h after surgery, myocardial ischemia, a common marker of heart injury, was markedly reduced.

Christoph Konrad, Timo Markl, Guido Schuepfer, Helmut Gerber, and Markus Tschopp

The Effects of In Vitro Hemodilution with Gelatin, Hydroxyethyl Starch, and Lactated Ringer’s Solution on Markers of Coagulation: An Analysis Using SONOCLOT^TM
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 483. [Abstract] [Full Text]  

Implications: The effects of progressive hemodilution on coagulation are difficult to measure. SONOCLOT analyses provide an easy to perform test with fast information on cellular and plasmatic coagulation properties. Among colloids, hydroxyethyl starch has the largest impact on markers of coagulation compared with gelatin or lactated Ringer’s solution.

Benoît Vivien, Olivier Langeron, Pierre Coriat, and Bruno Riou

Minimum Alveolar Anesthetic Concentration of Volatile Anesthetics in Normal and Cardiomyopathic Hamsters
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 489. [Abstract] [Full Text]  

Implications: Minimum alveolar anesthetic concentrations of volatile anesthetics were significantly lower in cardiomyopathic hamsters than in normal hamsters.

Ignacio Garutti, Begoña Quintana, Luis Olmedilla, Alberto Cruz, Mónica Barranco, and Elvira Garcia de Lucas

Arterial Oxygenation During One-Lung Ventilation: Combined Versus General Anesthesia
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 494. [Abstract] [Full Text] En Espanol  

Implications: Sixty patients undergoing elective lung surgery during a prolonged period of intraoperative one-lung ventilation were studied and randomized to receive general IV anesthesia or general IV anesthesia combined with thoracic epidural anesthesia. The arterial oxygenation in the first group was better than that in the second group during one-lung ventilation.

Brenda G. Fahy, Jawad U. Hasnain, John L. Flowers, Jeffrey S. Plotkin, Patrick Odonkor, and Mary K. Ferguson

Transesophageal Echocardiographic Detection of Gas Embolism and Cardiac Valvular Dysfunction During Laparoscopic Nephrectomy
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 500. [Abstract] [Full Text]  

Implications: Laparoscopic surgery has gained popularity as a procedure for the removal of donated kidneys. Although the insufflation of gas necessary for this relatively simple approach poses a low risk of venous air embolism, it may increase the risk of changes in valvular competency.

Fiona E. Ralley

The Use of Nitric Oxide for Managing Catastrophic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction Arising from Protamine Administration (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 505. [Full Text]  

AMBULATORY ANESTHESIA:

Scott I. Marshall and Frances Chung

Discharge Criteria and Complications After Ambulatory Surgery (Review Article)
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 508. [Full Text] En Espanol  

Mônica M. Sá Rêgo, Yoshimi Inagaki, and Paul F. White

Remifentanil Administration During Monitored Anesthesia Care: Are Intermittent Boluses an Effective Alternative to a Continuous Infusion?
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 518. [Abstract] [Full Text] En Espanol  

Implications: In this study, three different modes of remifentanil administration were used during monitored anesthesia care for extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy procedures. These results suggest that using intermittent bolus injections of remifentanil (25 {micro}g) or a continuous infusion (0.05 {micro}g {middle dot} kg-1 {middle dot} min-1) supplemented with intermittent bolus (12.5 {micro}g) injections may be more effective than a variable-rate infusion of remifentanil during propofol sedation.

Ramon Martin, Lawrence C. Tsen, Gary Tzeng, Mark D. Hornstein, and Sanjay Datta

Anesthesia for In Vitro Fertilization: The Addition of Fentanyl to 1.5% Lidocaine
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 523. [Abstract] [Full Text]  

Implications: This study demonstrates that when fentanyl is added to a local anesthetic, lidocaine, with spinal anesthesia for egg retrieval procedures, patients are more comfortable during the procedure compared with those who receive lidocaine alone. In addition, the narcotic requirements of patients are less in the postanesthesia care unit.

PEDIATRIC ANESTHESIA:

G. W. Stevenson, Michael Tobin, Babette Horn, Edwin H. Chen, Steven C. Hall, and Charles J. Coté

An Adult System Versus a Bain System: Comparative Ability to Deliver Minute Ventilation to an Infant Lung Model with Pressure-Limited Ventilation
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 527. [Abstract] [Full Text]  

Implications: We obtained results from this infant test lung study that indicate that either an adult circle breathing system or the Bain system can reliably deliver ventilation over a wide range of respiratory variables during pressure-limited ventilation in infants.

Joseph D. Tobias, William R. Wilson, Jr., and D. Joseph Meyer

Transcutaneous Monitoring of Carbon Dioxide Tension After Cardiothoracic Surgery in Infants and Children
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 531. [Abstract] [Full Text]  

Implications: We conclude that, with certain caveats in mind, including the need to correlate the transcutaneous CO2 with an initial arterial CO2 value, transcutaneous CO2 monitoring can be used to estimate arterial CO2 in most neonates and children after cardiothoracic surgery.

A. Andrew Zimmerman, R. Scott Watson, and Joseph K. Williams

Protein S Deficiency Presenting as an Acute Postoperative Arterial Thrombosis in a Four-Year-Old Child (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 535. [Full Text]  

CRITICAL CARE AND TRAUMA:

D. Hansen, R. Syben, O. Vargas, C. Spies, and M. Welte

The Alveolar-Arterial Difference in Oxygen Tension Increases with Temperature-Corrected Determination During Moderate Hypothermia
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 538. [Abstract] [Full Text]  

Implications: We investigated intrapulmonary oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange during moderate hypothermia (32{degrees}C) in eight patients. If oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water vapor pressure were corrected to actual body temperature, the alveolar-arterial oxygen tension difference was increased during hypothermia. The carbon dioxide tension difference and the respiratory quotient were unaffected by hypothermia.

Yuichirou Hamu, Yuichi Kanmura, Isao Tsuneyoshi, and Nozomu Yoshimura

The Effects of Vasopressin on Endotoxin-Induced Attenuation of Contractile Responses in Human Gastroepiploic Arteries In Vitro
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 542. [Abstract] [Full Text]  

Implications: The results of our study suggest that, in addition to its direct vasoconstrictor effect, vasopressin strongly enhances the responses to norepinephrine through V1-receptor stimulation and that vasopressin could find a role in the management of endotoxin-induced vasodilation.

NEUROSURGICAL ANESTHESIA:

Arun K. Gupta, Peter J Hutchinson, Pippa Al-Rawi, Sanjeeva Gupta, Mike Swart, Peter J Kirkpatrick, David K. Menon, and Avijit K Datta

Measuring Brain Tissue Oxygenation Compared with Jugular Venous Oxygen Saturation for Monitoring Cerebral Oxygenation After Traumatic Brain Injury
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 549. [Abstract] [Full Text]  

Implications: Brain oxygenation is currently monitored by using jugular bulb oximetry, which attracts a number of potential artifacts and may not reflect regional changes in oxygenation. We compared this method with measurement of brain tissue oxygenation using a multiparameter sensor inserted into brain tissue. The brain tissue monitor seemed to reflect regional brain oxygenation better than jugular bulb oximetry.

A. Timothy Lovell, Huw Owen-Reece, Clare E. Elwell, Martin Smith, and John C. Goldstone

Continuous Measurement of Cerebral Oxygenation by Near Infrared Spectroscopy During Induction of Anesthesia
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 554. [Abstract] [Full Text]  

Implications: We conclude that near infrared spectroscopy is capable of detecting the small changes in cerebral oxygenation associated with the induction of general anesthesia and shows promise as a bedside investigational tool for the noninvasive assessment of cerebral oxygenation.

Laura G. Remsen, Michael A. Pagel, Christopher I. McCormick, Steven A. Fiamengo, Gary Sexton, and Edward A. Neuwelt

The Influence of Anesthetic Choice, PaCO₂, and Other Factors on Osmotic Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in Rats with Brain Tumor Xenografts
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 559. [Abstract] [Full Text]  

Implications: Propofol/N2O anesthesia may be better than isoflurane/O2 for optimizing osmotic blood-brain barrier disruption for delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs to brain tumor and normal brain.

Leon H. Ubags, Cor J. Kalkman, Henk D. Been, Johannis H. Koelman, and Bram W. Ongerboer de Visser

A Comparison of Myogenic Motor Evoked Responses to Electrical and Magnetic Transcranial Stimulation During Nitrous Oxide/Opioid Anesthesia
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 568. [Abstract] [Full Text]  

Implications: Transcranial motor evoked potentials are used to monitor spinal cord integrity intraoperatively. We compared the relative efficacy of electrical and magnetic transcranial stimuli in anesthetized patients. It seems that myogenic responses to magnetic transcranial stimulation are more sensitive to anesthetic-induced motoneural depression compared with electrical transcranial stimulation.

OBSTETRIC ANESTHESIA:

Robert D’Angelo, Eric Evans, Laura A. Dean, Renee Gaver, and James C. Eisenach

Spinal Clonidine Prolongs Labor Analgesia from Spinal Sufentanil and Bupivacaine
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 573. [Abstract] [Full Text]  

Implications: We studied the effects of spinal clonidine administered with spinal sufentanil and bupivacaine on labor analgesia using a combined spinal-epidural technique and conclude that spinal clonidine significantly prolongs labor analgesia from spinal sufentanil and bupivacaine without producing serious adverse effects.

Craig M. Palmer, James E. Maciulla, Randal C. Cork, Wallace M. Nogami, Kenneth Gossler, and Diane Alves

The Incidence of Fetal Heart Rate Changes After Intrathecal Fentanyl Labor Analgesia
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 577. [Abstract] [Full Text]  

Implications: We compared the incidence of fetal heart rate changes after two techniques of labor analgesia. Both techniques were associated with a low (6%-12%) incidence of changes, but a much larger series would be required to determine whether this represents a true difference. No difference in neonatal outcome was found.

Silvia Laviola, Maija Kirvelä, Maria-Rosaria Spoto, Silvia Tschuor, and Eli Alon

Pneumocephalus with Intense Headache and Unilateral Pupillary Dilatation After Accidental Dural Puncture During Epidural Anesthesia for Cesarean Section (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 582. [Full Text]  

Robert R. Gaiser, Charles Dean Kurth, David Cohen, and Timothy Crombleholme

The Cesarean Delivery of a Twin Gestation Under 2 Minimum Alveolar Anesthetic Concentration Isoflurane: One Normal and One with a Large Neck Mass (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 584. [Full Text]  

REGIONAL ANESTHESIA AND PAIN MANAGEMENT:

Andrea Casati, Guido Fanelli, Valeria Cedrati, Marco Berti, Giorgio Aldegheri, and Giorgio Torri

Pulmonary Function Changes After Interscalene Brachial Plexus Anesthesia with 0.5% and 0.75% Ropivacaine: A Double-Blinded Comparison with 2% Mepivacaine
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 587. [Abstract] [Full Text]  

Implications: During the first 30 min after placing interscalene brachial plexus anesthesia, 0.5% ropivacaine does not provide clinically relevant advantages in terms of pulmonary function changes compared with either 0.75% ropivacaine or 2% mepivacaine. However, 0.75% ropivacaine allows a short onset, similar to that of mepivacaine, with long postoperative analgesia.

Øivind Klaastad, Finn G. Lilleås, Jan S. Røtnes, Harald Breivik, and Erik Fosse

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Demonstrates Lack of Precision in Needle Placement by the Infraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block Described by Raj Et Al.
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 593. [Abstract] [Full Text]  

Implications: Using a magnetic resonance scanner, the anatomical basis of Raj’s infraclavicular method for brachial plexus blockade was examined in volunteers. The results show that the method should be modified to make it more precise and to provide less risk of complications.

Kenneth H. Gwirtz, Jerry V. Young, Robert S. Byers, Christopher Alley, Katherine Levin, Scott G. Walker, and Robert K. Stoelting

The Safety And Efficacy of Intrathecal Opioid Analgesia for Acute Postoperative Pain: Seven Years’ Experience with 5969 Surgical Patients at Indiana University Hospital
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 599. [Abstract] [Full Text]  

Implications: Over a 7-yr period, intrathecal opioid analgesia was used to control acute postoperative pain on nearly 6000 patients, resulting in a high degree of patient satisfaction and a low incidence of side effects and complications.

Karl-Fredrik Sjölund, Märta Segerdahl, and Alf Sollevi

Adenosine Reduces Secondary Hyperalgesia in Two Human Models of Cutaneous Inflammatory Pain
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 605. [Abstract] [Full Text]  

Implications: We tested the effects of adenosine on the development of increased sensitivity in the skin surrounding a superficial skin injury in humans. A superficial skin burn was induced with a chemical irritant or heat. The results show that adenosine reduces the skin area with increased sensitivity surrounding the injury.

Giustino Varrassi, Franco Marinangeli, Felice Agrò, Luigi Aloe, Pompilio De Cillis, Aniello De Nicola, Francesco Giunta, Stefano Ischia, Maria Ballabio, and Silvia Stefanini

A Double-Blinded Evaluation of Propacetamol Versus Ketorolac in Combination with Patient-Controlled Analgesia Morphine: Analgesic Efficacy and Tolerability After Gynecologic Surgery
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 611. [Abstract] [Full Text] En Espanol  

Implications: Propacetamol and ketorolac, combined with patient-controlled analgesia morphine, show similar analgesic efficacy after gynecologic surgery. Morphine consumption and pain scores were comparable in the two studied groups. Propacetamol is as effective as ketorolac and has an excellent tolerability after gynecologic surgery.

GENERAL ARTICLES:

Neil E. Farber, Enric Samso, Michael Staunton, David Schwabe, and William T. Schmeling

Dexmedetomidine Modulates Cardiovascular Responses to Stimulation of Central Nervous System Pressor Sites
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 617. [Abstract] [Full Text] En Espanol  

Implications: A new potential anesthetic adjunct, dexmedetomidine, does not attenuate brain-mediated increases in blood pressure, but the combination of dexmedetomidine and the anesthetic halothane acts to modulate central cardiovascular responses.

William T. Schmeling, Pragati Ganjoo, Michael Staunton, Cathy Drexler, and Neil E. Farber

Pretreatment with Dexmedetomidine: Altered Indices of Anesthetic Depth for Halothane in the Neuraxis of Cats
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 625. [Abstract] [Full Text]  

Implications: The anesthetic adjuvant dexmedetomidine seems to differentially alter central nervous system-mediated indices of anesthetic action. Lower brainstem or spinal determinants of anesthetic depth (movement and hemodynamic responses) are more attenuated than those of higher brain functions, such as the electroencephalogram.

Pekka O. Talke, James E. Caldwell, Charles A. Richardson, Hans Kirkegaard-Nielsen, and Mary Stafford

The Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Neuromuscular Blockade in Human Volunteers
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 633. [Abstract] [Full Text]  

Implications: We studied the effect of an {alpha}2-agonist (dexmedetomidine) on rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block during propofol/alfentanil anesthesia. We found that the rocuronium concentration increased and the T1 response decreased during the dexmedetomidine administration. Although these effects were statistically significant, it is unlikely that they are of clinical significance.

Sjouke Schiere, Johannes H. Proost, Marriët Schuringa, and J. Mark K. H. Wierda

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacokinetic-Dynamic Relationship Between Rapacuronium (Org 9487) and Its 3-Desacetyl Metabolite (Org 9488)
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 640. [Abstract] [Full Text]  

Implications: We investigated the concentration-time-effect relationship of the relaxant rapacuronium and the contribution of its metabolite. Clearance, rate constant of transport between plasma and the biophase, and modeled concentration in the biophase at 50% effect of rapacuronium are consistent with its rapid onset and short to intermediate duration. The lower clearance of the metabolite will gradually prolong the time course of the neuromuscular blockade during maintenance with rapacuronium.

Cynthia A. Lien, Matthew R. Belmont, Amy Abalos, David Hass, and John J. Savarese

The Nature of Spontaneous Recovery from Mivacurium-Induced Neuromuscular Block
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 648. [Abstract] [Full Text]  

Implications: Mivacurium (0.3 mg/kg) was administered to 38 patients. As they began to recover muscle strength, a mivacurium infusion was begun and later discontinued as surgery was nearing completion. Each patient’s early recovery (administration to 5% recovery of T1) after the initial dose of mivacurium correlated well with more complete recovery of muscle strength after discontinuation of an infusion. This relationship enables early prediction of recovery speed after a mivacurium infusion.

Kyo S. Kim, Jae C. Shim, Jong H. Jun, Kwang H. Lee, and Chang W. Chung

Rabbits Treated with Chronic Isepamicin Are Resistant to Mivacurium and Rocuronium
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 654. [Abstract] [Full Text]  

Implications: We studied the dose-response relationships and the neuromuscular blocking effects of mivacurium and rocuronium during chronic isepamicin therapy in rabbits. Mivacurium and rocuronium have both a decreased effect and a shorter duration of action during chronic aminoglycoside antibiotic therapy in rabbits.

James W. Sleigh, John Andrzejowski, Alistair Steyn-Ross, and Moira Steyn-Ross

The Bispectral Index: A Measure of Depth of Sleep?
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 659. [Abstract] [Full Text]  

Implications: Electroencephalographic data were collected from five subjects during sleep. We found that the Bispectral Index decreased during increasing depth of sleep in a fashion very similar to the decrease in Bispectral Index that occurs during general anesthesia. This study further highlights the electroencephalographic similarities of states of sleep and general anesthesia.

Hwan S. Joo and D. Keith Rose

The Intubating Laryngeal Mask Airway With and Without Fiberoptic Guidance
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 662. [Abstract] [Full Text]  

Implications: The intubating laryngeal mask airway (ILMA) can be used as a primary airway for oxygenation and ventilation. Both methods of tracheal intubation using the ILMA were equally successful. Postoperative morbidity in the ILMA groups was similar to that in the laryngoscopy group. For women with normal airways, both the ILMA inserted blindly and the ILMA with fiberoptic guidance are suitable alternatives to laryngoscopy for tracheal intubation.

H. Ronald Vinik, Edwin L. Bradley, Jr., and Igor Kissin

Isobolographic Analysis of Propofol-Thiopental Hypnotic Interaction in Surgical Patients
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 667. [Abstract] [Full Text]  

Implications: The propofol-thiopental hypnotic interaction is additive.

Jeffrey B. Musser, John L. Fontana, and Paul D. Mongan

The Anesthetic and Physiologic Effects of an Intravenous Administration of a Halothane Lipid Emulsion (5% vol/vol)
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 671. [Abstract] [Full Text]  

Implications: Halothane causes pulmonary dysfunction and death when given IV in liquid form. Six swine received a halothane lipid emulsion IV to evaluate the anesthetic and physiologic effects. No pulmonary toxicity or deaths were associated with the halothane lipid emulsion. The anesthetic profile was similar to delivery of halothane via a vaporizer.

Masahiro Wakasugi, Koki Hirota, Sheldon H. Roth, and Yusuke Ito

The Effects of General Anesthetics on Excitatory and Inhibitory Synaptic Transmission in Area CA1 of the Rat Hippocampus In Vitro
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 676. [Abstract] [Full Text]  

Implications: Volatile anesthetics modulate both excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission of in vitro rat hippocampal pathways, whereas IV anesthetics produce more specific actions on inhibitory synaptic events. These results provide further support the idea that general anesthetics produce drug-specific and distinctive effects on different pathways in the central nervous system.

Joseph F. Antognini, E. Carstens, and Viktor Buzin

Isoflurane Depresses Motoneuron Excitability by a Direct Spinal Action: An F-Wave Study
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 681. [Abstract] [Full Text]  

Implications: We studied the effect of isoflurane action in the brain on motoneuron excitability, using the F wave. We found that the F wave is very sensitive to the direct action of isoflurane and that cranial isoflurane has indirect effects between concentrations of 1.3% and 3%.

Jhi-Joung Wang, Shung-Tai Ho, Shih-Chun Lee, and Yao-Chi Liu

A Comparison Among Nalbuphine, Meperidine, and Placebo for Treating Postanesthetic Shivering
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 686. [Abstract] [Full Text]  

Implications: We evaluated nalbuphine versus meperidine and saline for treating postanesthetic shivering. Our results demonstrate that both nalbuphine and meperidine provide a similar rapid and potent anti-shivering effect. Nalbuphine may be an alternative to meperidine for treating postanesthetic shivering.

OBITUARY:

Gwenifer Wilson, M.D.
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 690. [Full Text]  

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR:

Jose Eduardo Tanus-Santos, Heitor Moreno, Jr., and John L. Bastien

Inhaled Nitric Oxide and Amniotic Fluid Embolism • Response
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 691. [Full Text]  

Tiberiu Ezri, Daniel Geva, and Peter Szmuk

Modified Esophageal Detector Device
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 691. [Full Text]  

Angel M. Candela-Toha, Adolfo Martínez-Pérez, and Luc Frenette

Transfusion Requirements in Orthotopic Liver Transplantation • Response
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 692. [Full Text]  

Alvaro M. Segura-Vasi, Melody D. Suelto, and Arthur M. Boudreaux

External Jugular Vein Cannulation for Central Venous Access
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 692. [Full Text]  

Brian L. Smith, Alan R. Tait, Uma A. Pandit, Terri Voepel-Lewis, Hamish M. Munro, and Shobha Malviya

Use of the Laryngeal Mask Airway in Children with Upper Respiratory Tract Infections: Beware Secretions • Response
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 693. [Full Text]  

Edmond I Eger, II and Thomas J. Ebert

Is There a Responsibility to Disclose Data Used as the Basis for a Publication? • Response
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 693. [Full Text]  

Bouaggad Abderrahmane and Abassi Omar

An Unusual Cause of a Double-Lumen Endotracheal Tube Obstruction
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 694. [Full Text]  

Marc Licker and Alexandre Schweizer

Vasopressin and Postcardiopulmonary Bypass Refractory Hypotension
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 695. [Full Text]  

Maria E. Fagan Shier

A Simple Technique for Oral Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy: "No More Needles, Doc"
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 695. [Full Text]  

Jaideep J. Pandit, Dick Sjögren, Sten G. E. Lindahl, and Alf Sollevi

Hypoxic Ventilatory Response: The Effects of CO₂ and of Sustained Hypoxia • Response
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 695. [Full Text]  

BOOK AND MULTIMEDIA REVIEWS:

Young Oh, Alexander W. Gotta, Jeffrey B. Gross, David J. Fish, and Barbara M. DeRiso

Peripheral Nerve Blocks, Upper and Lower Limb • The Laryngeal Mask Airway. Vol. 36, No. 2 of International Anesthesiology Clinics • Total Intravenous Anesthesia • The Cancer Patient. Vol. 16, No. 3 of Anesthesia Clinics of North America • Management of the Operating Room. Vol. 36, No. 1 of International Anesthesiology Clinics • Books and Multimedia Received
Anesth Analg 1999 88: 697. [Full Text]  

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