EDITORIALS:

Tony L. Yaksh

A Drug Has To Do What a Drug Has To Do
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1075. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

CARDIOVASCULAR ANESTHESIA:

Hulya Sungurtekin, David J. Cook, Thomas A. Orszulak, Richard C. Daly, and Charles J. Mullany

Cerebral Response to Hemodilution During Hypothermic Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Adults
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1078. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: This study suggests that cerebral oxygen balance during cardiopulmonary bypass is well maintained at more pronounced levels of hemodilution than are typically practiced, because changes in cerebral blood flow compensate for changes in hemoglobin concentration.

Gilles Lebuffe, Christophe Decoene, Annie Pol, Alain Prat, and Benoit Vallet

Regional Capnometry with Air-Automated Tonometry Detects Circulatory Failure Earlier Than Conventional Hemodynamics After Cardiac Surgery
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1084. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: Regional and automated capnometry may be used noninvasively to identify patients at risk of circulatory failure after cardiopulmonary bypass earlier than with conventional variables.

Mark A. Chaney, Mihail P. Nikolov, Bradford P. Blakeman, and Mamdouh Bakhos

Attempting to Maintain Normoglycemia During Cardiopulmonary Bypass with Insulin May Initiate Postoperative Hypoglycemia
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1091. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: The appropriate intraoperative management of hyperglycemia and whether it adversely affects neurologic outcome in patients after cardiac surgery remains controversial. This investigation reveals that attempting to maintain normoglycemia in this setting with insulin may initiate postoperative hypoglycemia.

Robert J. McCarthy, Kenneth J. Tuman, Christopher O’Connor, and Anthony D. Ivankovich

Aprotinin Pretreatment Diminishes Postischemic Myocardial Contractile Dysfunction in Dogs
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1096. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: Administration of clinically relevant doses of aprotinin IV before the onset of regional myocardial ischemia, in contrast to control conditions, preserved regional systolic function and contractility at baseline values after reestablishment of myocardial perfusion in dogs.

Christopher J. O’Connor, Douglas V. Brown, Michael Avramov, Steven Barnes, Heather Nath O’Connor, and Kenneth J. Tuman

The Impact of Renal Dysfunction on Aprotinin Pharmacokinetics During Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1101. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: Because aprotinin is metabolized and eliminated in the kidney, its clearance may be reduced in patients with renal insufficiency. Our data suggest that aprotinin clearance is reduced, and aprotinin half-lives are prolonged in patients with renal insufficiency undergoing CPB. Dosing modification may therefore be indicated when aprotinin is administered to these patients for cardiac surgery.

Edith R. Schmid, Christoph Bürki, Markus H. C. Engel, Daniel Schmidlin, Mico Tornic, and Burkhardt Seifert

Inhaled Nitric Oxide Versus Intravenous Vasodilators in Severe Pulmonary Hypertension After Cardiac Surgery
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1108. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: In a prospective, randomized crossover study of inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) versus IV vasodilators, performed in adult patients with severe pulmonary hypertension but preserved right ventricular function after cardiac surgery, iNO was not superior to IV prostaglandin E₁ with regard to cardiac index and right ventricular performance. Considering the potential toxicity of iNO, better definition of patient subsets with a positive benefit/risk ratio is warranted.

Albert T. Cheung, Dmitri V. Guvakov, Stuart J. Weiss, Joseph S. Savino, Ivan S. Salgo, and Qing C. Meng

Nicardipine Intravenous Bolus Dosing for Acutely Decreasing Arterial Blood Pressure During General Anesthesia for Cardiac Operations: Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Associated Effects on Left Ventricular Function
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1116. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: Nicardipine was effective for selectively decreasing arterial blood pressure acutely, but had no effects on ventricular preload or cardiac output. The absence of dose-dependent changes in cardiac output, left ventricular systolic performance, and left ventricular afterload despite significant decreases in arterial pressure suggested that nicardipine had a small negative inotropic action.

Bernhard Kumle, Joachim Boldt, Sven Piper, Christian Schmidt, Stephan Suttner, and Sanja Salopek

The Influence of Different Intravascular Volume Replacement Regimens on Renal Function in the Elderly
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1124. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [En Espanol]  [Request Permissions]  

Implications: We studied the influence of three different intravascular volume replacement regimens on renal function in elderly patients without renal dysfunction who were undergoing major abdominal surgery. Two hydroxyethyl starch and one gelatin preparation were administered perioperatively to maintain stable hemodynamics. As assessed by sensitive markers of renal function, all three regimens can be used safely for volume replacement without risking significant renal dysfunction.

Hans G. Bone, René Waurick, Hugo Van Aken, Uli R. Jahn, Michael Booke, and Jörg Meyer

The Hemodynamic Effects of Cell-Free Hemoglobin During General and Epidural Anesthesia
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1131. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: We evaluated the effects of epidural anesthesia and halothane anesthesia on the vasoconstrictive properties of a cell-free hemoglobin solution. The vasoconstriction caused by a cell-free hemoglobin solution was similar in unanesthetized sheep and sheep with thoracic epidural anesthesia and was reduced in sheep with halothane anesthesia.

Kenneth Png, Francis Veyckemans, Marc De Kock, Marianne Carlier, Thierry Sluysmans, Jean B. Otte, Raymond Reding, Stephane Clement de Clety, Etienne Sokal, and Luc Van Obbergh

Hemodynamic Changes in Patients with Alagille’s Syndrome During Orthotopic Liver Transplantation
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1137. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: Some children with Alagille’s syndrome require liver transplantation. In our study, associated pulmonary artery stenosis did not dramatically increase perioperative risk. Veno-venous bypass decreased intraoperative hemodynamic changes in these patients.

Pascal Colson, Frédérique Ryckwaert, and Pierre Coriat

Renin Angiotensin System Antagonists and Anesthesia (Review Article)
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1143. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Spyros D. Mentzelopoulos, Constantina N. Romana, Antonis G. Hatzimichalis, Maria J. Tzoufi, and Evangelia A. Karamichali

Anesthesia for Tracheal Resection: A New Technique of Airway Management in a Patient with Severe Stenosis of the Midtrachea (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1156. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

AMBULATORY ANESTHESIA:

Brian Fredman, Mirit Lahav, Edna Zohar, Mark Golod, Irena Paruta, and Robert Jedeikin

The Effect of Midazolam Premedication on Mental and Psychomotor Recovery in Geriatric Patients Undergoing Brief Surgical Procedures
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1161. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: IV premedicant midazolam 0.5 mg or 2 mg does not adversely affect mental and psychomotor recovery in geriatric patients undergoing brief surgical procedures. However, midazolam administration significantly prolonged postanesthesia care unit discharge time. Finally, during the preoperative period, midazolam increases the incidence of a SpO₂ <94% in a dose-dependent manner.

Victor M. Zayas, Gregory A. Liguori, Mary F. Chisholm, Mark H. Susman, and Michael A. Gordon

Dose Response Relationships for Isobaric Spinal Mepivacaine Using the Combined Spinal Epidural Technique
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1167. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: This study evaluated the postoperative duration of spinal anesthesia after varying doses of isobaric mepivacaine and the incidence of transient radiating back and leg pain. We found that 45 mg of mepivacaine provided adequate anesthesia, a timely discharge, and a lower incidence of back pain than that previously reported after lidocaine spinals.

PEDIATRIC ANESTHESIA:

Richard F. Kaplan, James E. Fletcher, Raafat S. Hannallah, David T. Bui, J. Stuart Slaven, Eric J. Darrow, and Kao-Tai Tsai

The Potency (ED₅₀) and Cardiovascular Effects of Rapacuronium (Org 9487) During Narcotic-Nitrous Oxide-Propofol Anesthesia in Neonates, Infants, and Children
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1172. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: This study assesses the potency of rapacuronium (Org 9487) in pediatric patients. The potency of rapacuronium is similar in neonates (0.32 mg/kg), infants (0.28 mg/kg), and children (0.39 mg/kg).

Walid Habre, Pietro Scalfaro, Craig Sims, Katrina Tiller, and Peter D. Sly

Respiratory Mechanics During Sevoflurane Anesthesia in Children With and Without Asthma
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1177. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: Tracheal intubation using sevoflurane as sole anesthetic is possible and its frequency is increasing. When comparing children with and without asthma, tracheal intubation under sevoflurane was associated with an increase in respiratory system resistance in asthmatic children. However, no apparent clinical adverse event was observed.

Ian J. Woodforth, Richard G. Hicks, Matthew R. Crawford, John P. H. Stephen, and David Burke

Depression of I Waves in Corticospinal Volleys by Sevoflurane, Thiopental, and Propofol
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1182. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: Sevoflurane, thiopental, and propofol depress components of the corticospinal volley produced by transcranial electrical stimulation of motor cortex in a manner qualitatively similar to isoflurane. The findings indicate that anesthetics with primarily hypnotic actions suppress interneuronal activity in cerebral cortex.

Helen E. Gilliland, Marilyn A. Armstrong, and Terence J. McMurray

The Inflammatory Response to Pediatric Cardiac Surgery: Correlation of Granulocyte Adhesion Molecule Expression with Postoperative Oxygenation (Brief Report)
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1188. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

REGIONAL ANESTHESIA AND PAIN MANAGEMENT:

Thierry Gillart, Philippe Barrau, Jean E. Bazin, Ghislaine Roche, Frederic Chiambaretta, and Pierre Schoeffler

Lidocaine Plus Ropivacaine Versus Lidocaine Plus Bupivacaine for Peribulbar Anesthesia by Single Medial Injection
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1192. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: One percent ropivacaine may be a more appropriate agent than 0.5% bupivacaine for peribulbar anesthesia by single medial injection. Combined with lidocaine, it provides better akinesia and similar analgesia.

Sugantha Ganapathy, Ronald A. Wasserman, James T. Watson, John Bennett, Kevin P. Armstrong, Carol A. Stockall, David G. Chess, and Courtney MacDonald

Modified Continuous Femoral Three-in-One Block for Postoperative Pain After Total Knee Arthroplasty
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1197. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: Continuous fascia iliaca block with 0.2% bupivacaine reduces opioid requirements and improves range of motion in the immediate postoperative period compared with a placebo and 0.1% bupivacaine. Plasma levels are below the toxic range with this dose. Only 40% of the catheters are positioned in the ideal location. With the smaller dose of bupivacaine, the success rate with this block is small.

Tatsuo Yamamoto and Yoshihiko Sakashita

The Role of the Spinal Opioid Receptor Like1 Receptor, the NK-1 Receptor, and Cyclooxygenase-2 in Maintaining Postoperative Pain in the Rat
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1203. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: Intrathecal injection of an NK-1 receptor antagonist and an ORL1 receptor agonist may be effective for the treatment of postoperative incident pain.

Leonidas C. Goudas, Agnes Langlade, Alain Serrie, Wayne Matson, Paul Milbury, Claude Thurel, Pierre Sandouk, and Daniel B. Carr

Acute Decreases in Cerebrospinal Fluid Glutathione Levels after Intracerebroventricular Morphine for Cancer Pain
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1209. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: We observed acute decreases in glutathione levels in cerebrospinal fluid sampled from patients after intracerebroventricular doses of morphine for intractable cancer pain. Such doses may, by depleting the antioxidant glutathione, render the central nervous system vulnerable to damage from oxidative stress.

F. J. Singelyn, S. Seguy, and J. M. Gouverneur

Interscalene Brachial Plexus Analgesia After Open Shoulder Surgery: Continuous Versus Patient-Controlled Infusion
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1216. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: In this study, we demonstrated that continuous interscalene analgesia requires a background infusion to provide efficient pain relief after open shoulder surgery. A basal infusion of 5 mL/h combined with patient-controlled analgesia boluses (2.5 mL/30 min) seems to be the most appropriate technique.

Xavier Paqueron, Hervé Bouaziz, Dioukamady Macalou, Thierry Labaille, Michel Merle, Marie Claire Laxenaire, and Dan Benhamou

The Lateral Approach to the Sciatic Nerve at the Popliteal Fossa: One or Two Injections?
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1221. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: A better success rate is achieved with a double stimulation technique than with a single injection for the sciatic nerve block via the lateral approach at the popliteal fossa when 20 mL of local anesthetics is used.

Heiko Rudolph, John F. Cade, Peter T. Morley, John S. Packer, and Brian Lee

Smart Technology Improves Patient-Controlled Analgesia: A Preliminary Report
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1226. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: Pain relief after surgery is often best provided by patient-controlled analgesia, which uses an IV infusion pump and a patient-activated switch. We have developed a new computer-controlled or "smart" patient-controlled analgesia that rapidly learns a patient’s individual needs and provides continuously tailored pain relief.

Iris E. Soliman, T. S. Park, and Maura C. Berkelhamer

Transient Paralysis After Intrathecal Bolus of Baclofen for the Treatment of Post-Selective Dorsal Rhizotomy Pain in Children (Brief Report)
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1233. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Shigeyoshi Toyota, Tsukasa Satake, and Yoshikiyo Amaki

Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation as an Alternative Therapy for Microlaryngeal Endoscopic Surgery (Brief Report)
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1236. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Paul E. Bigeleisen

An Unusual Presentation of Metallic Taste after Lidocaine Injections (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1239. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

ECONOMICS AND HEALTH SYSTEMS RESEARCH:

Alex Macario and Franklin Dexter

Estimating the Duration of a Case When the Surgeon Has Not Recently Scheduled the Procedure at the Surgical Suite
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1241. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: When no recent historical time data are available for a surgeon doing a given procedure, the mean of the durations of cases of the same scheduled procedure performed by other surgeons is as accurate an estimate as more sophisticated analyses. More research is needed to improve the precision of estimates of case durations.

CRITICAL CARE AND TRAUMA:

Tat-Leang Lee, Sophia B. L. Ang, Yoswa M. Dambisya, Ganesan P. Adaikan, and Lang-Chu Lau

The Effect of Propofol on Human Gastric and Colonic Muscle Contractions
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1246. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: The success of enteral feeding requires a normal gastrointestinal motility. We found that, at clinically relevant concentrations, propofol impaired gastrointestinal contractile activity. Further investigations are required to determine the clinical significance of this change.

Naoki Kotani, Hiroshi Hashimoto, Daniel I. Sessler, Tadanobu Yasuda, Toshiaki Ebina, Masatoshi Muraoka, and Akitomo Matsuki

Expression of Genes for Proinflammatory Cytokines in Alveolar Macrophages During Propofol and Isoflurane Anesthesia
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1250. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: Gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines in alveolar macrophages increased significantly over time. The increases were greater during isoflurane than propofol anesthesia, suggesting that inflammatory responses at transcriptional levels in alveolar macrophages are modulated by the type and duration of anesthesia.

OBSTETRIC ANESTHESIA:

P. Johanna Sarvela, Pekka M. Halonen, and Kari T. Korttila

Comparison of 9 mg of Intrathecal Plain and Hyperbaric Bupivacaine Both with Fentanyl for Cesarean Delivery
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1257. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: Nine milligrams of either plain or hyperbaric bupivacaine with fentanyl intrathecally provided similar onset, depth, and duration of sensory anesthesia for cesarean delivery with good maternal satisfaction. Motor block developed and diminished faster with the hyperbaric solution.

Chahé Mardirosoff and Lionel Dumont

Two Doses of Intrathecal Sufentanil (2.5 and 5 µg) Combined with Bupivacaine and Epinephrine for Labor Analgesia
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1263. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: We evaluated two different doses of intrathecal sufentanil combined with bupivacaine and epinephrine for labor analgesia. Sufentanil 2.5 µg offered an advantage over sufentanil 5 µg because, while providing the same quality and duration of analgesia, it was associated with a reduced incidence of pruritus.

Douglas J. Forrester, Suresh K. Mukherji, David C. Mayer, and Fred J. Spielman

Dilute Infusion for Labor, Obscure Subdural Catheter, and Life-Threatening Block at Cesarean Delivery (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1267. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Brenda A. Bucklin and Carl V. Smith

Postpartum Tubal Ligation: Safety, Timing, and Other Implications for Anesthesia (Review Article)
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1269. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

NEUROSURGICAL ANESTHESIA:

Andrew D. J. Watts, Ian A. Herrick, Richard S. McLachlan, Rosemary A. Craen, and Adrian W. Gelb

The Effect of Sevoflurane and Isoflurane Anesthesia on Interictal Spike Activity Among Patients with Refractory Epilepsy
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1275. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: The results of this study suggest that the capacity to modulate neuroexcitability is a dose-dependent feature of volatile anesthetics that is manifested most prominently at near burst-suppression doses (i.e., 1.5 times the minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration) and is minimal or absent at low doses.

Zsuzsanna Gesztesi, Brady Lee Mootz, and Paul F. White

The Use of a Remifentanil Infusion for Hemodynamic Control During Intracranial Surgery
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1282. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [En Espanol]  [Request Permissions]  

Implications: Compared with remifentanil 0.0625 µg · kg^-1 · min^-1 and 0.250 µg · kg^-1 · min^-1, a remifentanil infusion rate of 0.125 µg · kg^-1 · min^-1 provided more stable hemodynamic conditions during intracranial surgery under desflurane anesthesia.

Christian Glaser, Claus G. Krenn, Andreas Gruber, Herbert Koinig, Peter Marhofer, and Peter Fridrich

Asystole During Endovascular Embolization of a Dural Arterio-Venous Fistula in the Brain (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1288. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

V. Bhadri Narayan

Unilateral Facial and Neck Swelling After Infratentorial Surgery in the Lateral Position (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1290. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

GENERAL ARTICLES:

Thomas Erb, Karl F. Hampl, Moritz Schürch, Christian G. Kern, and Stephan C. U. Marsch

Teaching the Use of Fiberoptic Intubation in Anesthetized, Spontaneously Breathing Patients
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1292. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: Fiberoptic intubation under spontaneous respiration is a well established technique for management of difficult airways. Our study demonstrates the feasibility and safety of a novice training program for fiberoptic intubation under general anesthesia, not only in paralyzed patients but also in those breathing spontaneously.

Christian Keller, Joseph Brimacombe, and Karoline Keller

Pressures Exerted Against the Cervical Vertebrae by the Standard and Intubating Laryngeal Mask Airways: A Randomized, Controlled, Cross-Over Study in Fresh Cadavers
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1296. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: Laryngeal mask devices exert greater pressures against the cervical vertebrae than established intubation techniques and can produce posterior displacement of the cervical spine. We recommend that laryngeal mask devices only be used in the unstable cervical spine if difficulties are anticipated or encountered with established techniques, pending the results of studies demonstrating its relative safety.

N. Murali, E. S. M. Saravanan, V. J. Ramesh, B. N. Gangadhar, N. Jananakiramiah, S. Satish Kumar, Rita Christopher, and D. K. Subbakrishna

An Intrasubject Comparison of Two Doses of Succinylcholine in Modified Electroconvulsive Therapy
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1301. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: The dose of muscle relaxant (succinylcholine) recommended in modified electroconvulsive therapy is not based on empirical research. In the same patients (n = 50), two doses—0.5 mg/kg and 1 mg/kg—were compared during different electroconvulsive therapy sessions. The larger dose was more effective in modifying the peripheral convulsion.

Frédérique Le Corre, Benoît Plaud, Ellen Benhamou, and Bertrand Debaene

Visual Estimation of Onset Time at the Orbicularis Oculi After Five Muscle Relaxants: Application to Clinical Monitoring of Tracheal Intubation
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1305. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: Onset time of neuromuscular blockade, as estimated visually at the orbicularis oculi, depends on the muscle relaxants given. Regardless of the relaxant used, intubating conditions at loss of orbicularis oculi are acceptable.

Stefan Schraag, Ulrich Bothner, Roger Gajraj, Gavin N. C. Kenny, and Michael Georgieff

The Performance of Electroencephalogram Bispectral Index and Auditory Evoked Potential Index to Predict Loss of Consciousness During Propofol Infusion
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1311. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [En Espanol]  [Request Permissions]  

Implications: Both the bispectral index of the electroencephalogram and the auditory evoked potentials index are good predictors of the level of sedation and unconsciousness during propofol infusion. However, the auditory evoked potentials index offers better discriminatory power in describing the transition from the conscious to the unconscious state in the individual patient.

Kang Liu, Chi-Chang Hsu, and Yuan-Yi Chia

The Effective Dose of Dexamethasone for Antiemesis after Major Gynecological Surgery
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1316. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: Although dexamethasone is effective for antiemesis, major side effects may accompany its perioperative use. To achieve the best antiemesis with the fewest side effects, dexamethasone 10 mg, 5 mg, 2.5 mg, and 1.25 mg were compared with placebo in surgical patients. We found 2.5 mg to be the minimum effective dose without discernible side effects.

BRIEF COMMUNICATION:

Koichi Nakazawa, Naofumi Tanaka, Seiji Ishikawa, Susumu Ohmi, Masato Ueki, Yutaka Saitoh, Koshi Makita, and Keisuke Amaha

Using the Intubating Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA-Fastrach^TM) for Blind Endotracheal Intubation in Patients Undergoing Cervical Spine Operation
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1319. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

CASE REPORTS:

S. Karoutsos, A. Lansade, G. Terrier, and D. Mouliès

Chondrodysplasia Punctata and Subglottic Stenosis
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1322. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Kathryn P. King, Bryant W. Stolp, and Cecil O. Borel

Damage to an Armored Endotracheal Tube Introduced via the Intubating Laryngeal Mask Airway Induced by Biting
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1324. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR:

W. W. Mapleson, B. Korman, Chingmuh Lee, and Xing-Guo Sun

The Second Gas Effect Is a Valid Concept • Response
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1326. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Felipe Urdaneta and Nikolaus Gravenstein

Central Venous Pressure Monitoring During Bypass
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1326. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Diethelm Hansen

Temperature Correction of PaO₂
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1327. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Uriel A. Yodfat

Modified Technique for Laryngeal Mask Airway Insertion
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1327. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Amr Abouleish, Jeffrey Berman, Nhung Chai Nguyen, Samson Otuwa, Lee Woodson, James Mayhew, and George D. Politis

Topical Lidocaine as Adjunct to Intubation Without Muscle Relaxant in Pediatric Patients • Response
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1328. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Ratan Alexander and Alan A. Artru

Remifentanil and Intraocular Pressure • Response
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1328. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Margaret M. Coleman, Vincent W. S. Chan, Scott S. Reuben, and Robert S. Steinberg

Meperidine in Forearm Intravenous Regional Anesthesia? • Response
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1329. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Kan Takahashi, Hirotoshi Kitagawa, Yuji Hirasaki, and Jose-Angel Sanchez-Izquierdo-Riera

The Influence of Morphine on the Level of Consciousness in Long-Term Sedation • Response
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1329. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Laxmaiah Manchikanti, Cyrus E. Bakhit, Rajgopal R. Pakanati, Bert Fellows, Brian Fredman, and Robert Jedeikin

Fluoroscopy Is Medically Necessary for the Performance of Epidural Steroids • Response
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1330. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Richard P. Driver, Jr., Donald T. Jolly, Ireneusz Wachowski, Jiri Hrazdil, and John C. Galbraith

Conclusions Regarding Propofol/Lidocaine Admixture May Be Misleading • Response
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1331. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

W. Anton Visser, Tiong H. Liem, Mathieu J. M. Gielen, Ignacio Garutti, Begoña Quintana, Luis Olmedilla, Alberto Cruz, Mónica Barranco, and Elvira Garcia de Lucas

Arterial Oxygenation During One-Lung Ventilation: Combined Versus General Anesthesia • Response
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1332. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Mark A. Chaney, Mihail P. Nikolov, Megumi Sumida, and Miwako Kawamata

Methylprednisolone and the Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome • Response
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1333. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

V. Souron and J. Hamza

Treatment of Postdural Puncture Headaches with Colloid Solutions: An Alternative to Epidural Blood Patch
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1333. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

BOOK AND MULTIMEDIA REVIEWS:

Norig Ellison

New Challenges in Anesthesia: New Practice Opportunities. Vol. 17, No. 2 of Anesthesiology Clinics of North America. • Books and Multimedia Received
Anesth Analg 1999 89: 1335. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

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