EDITORIALS:

King C. Kryger and Ronald D. Miller

Anesthesia & Analgesia Online: Internet Technology and Innovation
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1363. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

CARDIOVASCULAR ANESTHESIA:

Shinji Kawahito, Hiroshi Kitahata, Katsuya Tanaka, Junpei Nozaki, and Shuzo Oshita

Pulmonary Arterial Pressure Can Be Estimated by Transesophageal Pulsed Doppler Echocardiography
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1364-1369. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: Accurate measurement of pulmonary arterial pressure has generally required cardiac catheterization; noninvasive intraoperative estimation of pulmonary arterial pressure has been an important clinical challenge for anesthesiologists. We demonstrated that pulsed Doppler transesophageal echocardiography can be used to estimate intraoperative pulmonary arterial pressure.

Kenji Yoshitani, Masahiko Kawaguchi, Nobuko Sugiyama, Masatoshi Sugiyama, Satoki Inoue, Takanori Sakamoto, Katsuyasu Kitaguchi, and Hitoshi Furuya

The Association of High Jugular Bulb Venous Oxygen Saturation with Cognitive Decline After Hypothermic Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1370-1376. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: Jugular bulb venous oxygen desaturation has been suggested as a predictor of cognitive decline after cardiac surgery. However, the clinical value of jugular bulb venous oxygen saturation (SjVO2) may be limited during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) when oxygen affinity to hemoglobin is increased. This study shows that high SjVO2 before and during hypothermic CPB is a predictor of subsequent cognitive decline.

Gregory M. Janelle, Felipe Urdaneta, Mark L. Blas, John Shryock, Yeong-Shiuh Tang, Tomas D. Martin, and Emilio B. Lobato

Inhibition of Phosphodiesterase Type III Before Aortic Cross-Clamping Preserves Intramyocardial Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate During Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1377-1383. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: The administration of a single dose of milrinone before aortic cross-clamping resulted in significantly larger intramyocardial cyclic adenosine monophosphate concentration in myocardial biopsy specimens compared with controls.

John Butterworth, Robert L. James, Yonggu A. Lin, Judy Bennett, and Richard C. Prielipp

Gender Does Not Influence Epsilon-Aminocaproic Acid Concentrations in Adults Undergoing Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1384-1390. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: The pharmacokinetics of {epsilon}-aminocaproic acid do not differ significantly between males and females; therefore (after correction for weight), a gender-specific dosing scheme is unnecessary. A 70 mg/kg initial dose (given over 20 min) and a maintenance infusion of 30 mg{middle dot}kg-1{middle dot}h-1should ensure that fewer than 5% of patients will have {epsilon}-aminocaproic acid concentrations <130 mg/L during infusion.

Edward K. Heres, Kevin Speight, Daniel Benckart, Jose Marquez, and Glenn P. Gravlee

The Clinical Onset of Heparin Is Rapid
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1391-1395. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: When 200 U/kg or more of heparin is administered into the central venous circulation in hemodynamically stable anesthetized patients, peak arterial activated clotting time (ACT) prolongation occurs within 30 s and peak venous ACT prolongation within 60 s. This information may assist physicians in making decisions about vascular interventions such as aortic cannulation or cross-clamping and strongly suggests that blood sampling to determine the adequacy of heparin-induced anticoagulation can occur as soon as 30-60 s after heparin administration. The drug heparin is given to patients during blood vessel surgery to temporarily inhibit blood clotting when blood vessels are clamped. The activated clotting test was used to determine just how fast heparin works after it is administered.

Catherine Huraux, Annick Ankri A, Daniel Eyraud, Odile Sevin, Fabrice Ménégaux, Pierre Coriat, and Charles-Marc Samama

Hemostatic Changes in Patients Receiving Hydroxyethyl Starch: The Influence of ABO Blood Group
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1396-1401. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: A von Willebrand-like syndrome occurred immediately after 6% HES 200/0.6 infusion in patients undergoing abdominal surgery. These hemostasis alterations were more pronounced in patients of the O blood group and may suggest a restricted intraoperative use of HES in this patients population undergoing surgical procedures with a high risk for bleeding.

Alexander Franz, Peter Bräunlich, Thomas Gamsjäger, Michael Felfernig, Burkhard Gustorff, and Sibylle A. Kozek-Langenecker

The Effects of Hydroxyethyl Starches of Varying Molecular Weights on Platelet Function
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1402-1407. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: Comparison of hydroxyethyl starch solutions in healthy adults indicates that increased molecular weight and degree of substitution are associated with inhibition of platelet function by reduction of the availability of platelet surface fibrinogen receptors.

Zvi Vaknin, Yossi Manisterski, Ron Ben-Abraham, Ori Efrati, Danny Lotan, Zohar Barzilay, and Gideon Paret

Is Endotracheal Adrenaline Deleterious Because of the Beta Adrenergic Effect?
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1408-1412. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: Endotracheal adrenaline (0.05 mg/kg diluted with normal saline to 10 mL total volume) with or without nonselective ß-blocker (propranolol) pretreatment was studied to clarify the mechanism of blood pressure decrease after this anesthetic protocol in dogs. An optimal dose of endotracheal adrenaline should achieve a high {alpha}-adrenergic vasoconstrictive threshold.

Juraj Sprung, Howard Popp, Patrick O’Hara, and Joanne Woletz

The Successful Use of Hemoglobin-Based Oxygen Carrier as a Primary Blood Substitute During Abdominal Aneurysm Repair with Large Blood Loss (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1413-1415. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Fumi Yanagidate, Shuji Dohi, Yoshihiro Hamaya, and Tatsuya Tsujito

Reexpansion Pulmonary Edema After Thoracoscopic Mediastinal Tumor Resection (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1416-1417. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Michael G. Fitzsimons, Robert A. Peterfreund, and Douglas E. Raines

Aprotinin Administration and Pulmonary Thromboembolism During Orthotopic Liver Transplantation: Report of Two Cases (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1418-1421. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Gabriela Zwetsch, Miodrag Filipovic, Karl Skarvan, Atanas Todorov, and Manfred D. Seeberger

Transient Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy After Failed Placement of a Transesophageal Echocardiographic Probe in an Anesthetized Patient (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1422-1423. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Nikolaos J. Skubas, Michael Beardslee, Benico Barzilai, Michael Pasque, Matthew Kattapuram, and Demetrios G. Lappas

Constrictive Pericarditis: Intraoperative Hemodynamic and Echocardiographic Evaluation of Cardiac Filling Dynamics (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1424-1426. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

PEDIATRIC ANESTHESIA:

John W. Berkenbosch, Janet Lam, Randall S. Burd, and Joseph D. Tobias

Noninvasive Monitoring of Carbon Dioxide During Mechanical Ventilation in Older Children: End-Tidal Versus Transcutaneous Techniques
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1427-1431. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: The authors report on the accuracy of noninvasive, transcutaneous CO2 monitoring during mechanical ventilation in children 4 yr or older. Application of this technique should be useful by decreasing the need for repeated, costly, and sometimes painful arterial blood gas analysis, and the continuity of assessment should facilitate proactive, rather than reactive, ventilator manipulations.

Laleh Aram, Elliot J. Krane, Lori J. Kozloski, and Myron Yaster

Tunneled Epidural Catheters for Prolonged Analgesia in Pediatric Patients
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1432-1438. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: Children and adolescents with pain may safely have a spinal catheter placed for a period of time without undo risk of infection or other complications. Spinal catheters provide excellent pain relief, often eliminating the need for riskier medications for painful events such as wound cleansing and dressing changes.

Giovanni Cucchiaro, Pascal De Lagausie, Alla El-Ghonemi, and Yves Nivoche

Single-Dose Caudal Anesthesia for Major Intraabdominal Operations in High-Risk Infants (Brief Report)
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1439-1441. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

William A. Tweed and Desmond Dakin

Explosive Coughing After Bolus Fentanyl Injection (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1442-1443. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

D. Ryan Cook, Deepinder K. Dhaliwal, Peter J. Davis, and John Davis

Anesthetic Interference with Laser Function During Excimer Laser Procedures in Children (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1444-1445. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Lene S. Bruun, Søren Elkjaer, Dorte Bitsch-Larsen, and Ole Andersen

Hepatic Failure in a Child After Acetaminophen and Sevoflurane Exposure (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1446-1448. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Gregory B. Hammer

Pediatric Thoracic Anesthesia (Review Article)
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1449-1464. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

AMBULATORY ANESTHESIA:

Rosendo F. Mortero, Laura D. Clark, Merritt M. Tolan, Robert J. Metz, Kentaro Tsueda, and Rachel A. Sheppard

The Effects of Small-Dose Ketamine on Propofol Sedation: Respiration, Postoperative Mood, Perception, Cognition, and Pain
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1465-1469. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: Simultaneous use of small-dose ketamine during propofol sedation improves ventilation and produces positive mood states in the recovery room. The combination of drugs may also provide earlier return of cognitive function.

Johan C. Ræder, Siri Steine, and Tor T. Vatsgar

Oral Ibuprofen Versus Paracetamol Plus Codeine for Analgesia After Ambulatory Surgery (Brief Report)
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1470-1472. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

ANESTHETIC PHARMACOLOGY:

Joaquín Hernández-Palazón, José A. Tortosa, Juan F. Martínez-Lage, and Domingo Pérez-Flores

Intravenous Administration of Propacetamol Reduces Morphine Consumption After Spinal Fusion Surgery
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1473-1476. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: We evaluated the utility of propacetamol as an adjunct to the administration of patient-controlled analgesia morphine in the treatment of postoperative pain after spine stabilization surgery. This combination was associated with an appropriate analgesic effect and with a smaller morphine consumption.

Edmond I Eger, II and Michael J. Laster

The Effect of Rigidity, Shape, Unsaturation, and Length on the Anesthetic Potency of Hydrocarbons
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1477-1482. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: Molecular flexibility is not a necessary structural requirement for anesthetic action, at least for compounds having six carbon atoms or fewer. Unsaturation, particularly a triple bond, increases anesthetic potency defined either by minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration or the Meyer-Overton constant.

TECHNOLOGY, COMPUTING, AND SIMULATION:

Aymen A. Awad, M. Ashraf M. Ghobashy, Wagih Ouda, Robert G. Stout, David G. Silverman, and Kirk H. Shelley

Different Responses of Ear and Finger Pulse Oximeter Wave Form to Cold Pressor Test
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1483-1486. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: We performed a cold pressor test while baseline pulse oximeter monitoring was performed on the finger and ear. The ear was immune to the vasoconstrictive effect of the cold pressor test, suggesting that it may be a more suitable monitor of systemic circulation.

ECONOMICS AND HEALTH SYSTEMS RESEARCH:

Jonathan D. Katz

Issues of Concern for the Aging Anesthesiologist (Special Article)
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1487-1492. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Franklin Dexter, Richard H. Epstein, and H. Michael Marsh

A Statistical Analysis of Weekday Operating Room Anesthesia Group Staffing Costs at Nine Independently Managed Surgical Suites (Special Article)
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1493-1498. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: Statistical methods can identify, for some surgical suites, anesthesia staffing solutions whereby all the cases are covered but for which labor costs are significantly less than those obtained using the staffing plans developed by the managers based on data and their experience.

CRITICAL CARE AND TRAUMA:

Anette C. Krismer, Karl H. Lindner, Volker Wenzel, Viktoria D. Mayr, Wolfgang G. Voelckel, Keith G. Lurie, and Hans U. Strohmenger

The Effects of Endogenous and Exogenous Vasopressin During Experimental Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1499-1504. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: The study was designed to assess the role of endogenous versus exogenous vasopressin in a porcine cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) model. Only pigs with effective endogenous vasopressin, or pigs with effective endogenous vasopressin and administration of exogenous vasopressin had good left ventricular myocardial blood flow during experimental CPR, had return of spontaneous circulation after defibrillation and survived the 1-h postresuscitation phase.

Andreas W. Prengel, Martin Rembecki, Volker Wenzel, and Gerald Steinbach

A Comparison of the Endotracheal Tube and the Laryngeal Mask Airway as a Route for Endobronchial Lidocaine Administration
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1505-1509. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: Drug absorption after lidocaine administration into the laryngeal mask airway is not sufficient to achieve therapeutic lidocaine plasma concentrations. IV drug administration should be used whenever the laryngeal mask is used in the cardiac arrest setting.

NEUROSURGICAL ANESTHESIA:

Satwant K. Samra, Eric A. Dy, Kathleen B. Welch, Lisa K. Lovely, and Gregory P. Graziano

Remifentanil- and Fentanyl-Based Anesthesia for Intraoperative Monitoring of Somatosensory Evoked Potentials
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1510-1515. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: Both fentanyl- and remifentanil-based anesthesia are well suited for intraoperative somatosensory evoked potentials monitoring. Remifentanil anesthesia offers the advantage of earlier recovery, which may improve the ability to do a wake-up test if it is needed during surgery.

Hanuman S. Murthy and G. S. Umamaheswara Rao

Cardiovascular Responses to Scalp Infiltration with Different Concentrations of Epinephrine With or Without Lidocaine During Craniotomy
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1516-1519. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: In neurosurgical patients undergoing craniotomy, infiltration of the scalp with a solution containing epinephrine alone causes significant hypertension. The addition of lidocaine attenuates the hypertensive response but entails a biphasic decrease in blood pressure.

Junfeng Chen, Weiren Xu, and Hao Jiang

17ß-Estradiol Protects Neurons from Ischemic Damage and Attenuates Accumulation of Extracellular Excitatory Amino Acids
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1520-1523. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: We studied the effect of 17ß-estradiol on ischemia-induced increases in extracellular amino acids in the hippocampal CA1 region with a gerbil model of transient forebrain ischemia. We observed that 17ß-estradiol inhibited ischemia-induced accumulation of excitatory amino acids.

OBSTETRIC ANESTHESIA:

James M. Alexander, Shiv K. Sharma, Donald D. McIntire, Jackie Wiley, and Kenneth J. Leveno

Intensity of Labor Pain and Cesarean Delivery
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1524-1528. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: More intense pain during labor, as evidenced by increased self-administered analgesia, is a marker of obstructed labor and the need for cesarean delivery.

Warwick D. Ngan Kee, Kim S. Khaw, Bee B. Lee, Eliza L. Y. Wong, and Justina Y. W. Liu

The Limitations of Ropivacaine with Epinephrine as an Epidural Test Dose in Parturients (Brief Report)
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1529-1531. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Manuel C. Vallejo, Lauri J. Adler, Helene Finegold, Gordon L. Mandell, and Sivam Ramanathan

Periosteal Entrapment of an Epidural Catheter in the Intrathecal Space (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1532-1534. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Hubert J. Schmitt, Karin Becke, and Bernd Neidhardt

Epidural Anesthesia for Cesarean Delivery in a Patient with Polycythemia Rubra Vera and Preeclampsia (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1535-1537. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

REGIONAL ANESTHESIA:

Nathalie Dieudonne, Alexandra Gomola, Philippe Bonnichon, and Yves M. Ozier

Prevention of Postoperative Pain After Thyroid Surgery: A Double-Blind Randomized Study of Bilateral Superficial Cervical Plexus Blocks
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1538-1542. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: Postthyroidectomy pain has a large "superficial" component. Bilateral superficial cervical plexus blocks improve the quality of pain relief in thyroid surgery.

Michel Vergnion, Stéphane Degesves, Laurence Garcet, and Vinciane Magotteaux

Tramadol, an Alternative to Morphine for Treating Posttraumatic Pain in the Prehospital Situation
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1543-1546. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: We demonstrated an equivalent efficacy and safety of IV tramadol and morphine in the management of pain in the prehospital trauma setting. Because tramadol is not a narcotic drug, its use would allow emergency medical systems to avoid the inconvenience of transporting controlled substances.

Yu-Chuan Tsai, Pei-Jung Chang, and I-Ming Jou

Direct Tramadol Application on Sciatic Nerve Inhibits Spinal Somatosensory Evoked Potentials in Rats
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1547-1551. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: This study demonstrates that direct application of tramadol on the sciatic nerve inhibits somatosensory evoked potential in a dose-dependent and reversible manner that is not affected by naloxone. We conclude that tramadol exerts a local anesthetic-type effect on peripheral nerves.

Nabil W. Doss, Joseph Ipe, Thomas Crimi, Sanjeev Rajpal, Steven Cohen, Richard J. Fogler, Rafik Michael, and Jonas Gintautas

Continuous Thoracic Epidural Anesthesia with 0.2% Ropivacaine Versus General Anesthesia for Perioperative Management of Modified Radical Mastectomy
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1552-1557. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: Ropivacaine 0.2%, a new, long-acting local anesthetic used for continuous thoracic epidural anesthesia, is a safe and reliable alternative to general anesthesia for patients undergoing breast surgery because of cancer. It facilitates recovery from anesthesia, significantly reduces postoperative pain, nausea, and vomiting, and positively contributes to the patient's overall outcome.

PAIN MEDICINE:

Allen H. Hord, Donald D. Denson, Barry Stowe, and Robert M. Haygood

-1 and -2 Adrenergic Antagonists Relieve Thermal Hyperalgesia in Experimental Mononeuropathy from Chronic Constriction Injury
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1558-1562. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: Thermal hyperalgesia in the chronic constriction injury model of mononeuropathy is mediated by {alpha} receptors. Although {alpha}1 and mixed {alpha}1- and {alpha}2-receptor antagonists have been used in humans to treat reflex sympathetic dystrophy, drugs that are highly specific postjunctional {alpha}2 antagonists may also be useful in the treatment of sympathetically mediated pain.

Jihn-Yih Li, Chung-Hang Wong, Eagle Y.-K. Huang, Yen-Chien Lin, Yun-Long Chen, Peter P. C. Tan, and Jin-Chung Chen

Modulations of Spinal Serotonin Activity Affect the Development of Morphine Tolerance
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1563-1568. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: Spinal cord serotonin (5-HT) levels seem to be critical in the development of morphine tolerance. Reduction of 5-HT levels in the spinal cord prolonged the development of tolerance to morphine. Manipulation of 5-HT levels could be a valuable method for altering the efficacy of opioid analgesia, particularly during patient-controlled analgesia.

Tian J. Zhou, Jun Tang, and Paul F. White

Propacetamol Versus Ketorolac for Treatment of Acute Postoperative Pain After Total Hip or Knee Replacement
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1569-1575. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: Propacetamol (2 g IV), an acetaminophen prodrug, was similar to ketorolac (15 mg and 30 mg IV) with respect to analgesic properties during a 6-h assessment period. However, the onset of analgesic action of propacetamol seems to be faster than ketorolac (15 mg IV) and its duration of action shorter than ketorolac (30 mg IV).

Thomas Simopoulos and Christine Peeters-Asdourian

Pneumocephalus After Cervical Epidural Steroid Injection (Case Report)
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1576-1577. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

GENERAL ARTICLES:

Christiane Vahle-Hinz, Oliver Detsch, Matthias Siemers, Eberhard Kochs, and Burkhart Bromm

Local GABA_A Receptor Blockade Reverses Isoflurane’s Suppressive Effects on Thalamic Neurons In Vivo
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1578-1584. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: Isoflurane actions in the thalamus suppressed the transmission of tactile input to the cortex. This effect was reversed by removal of thalamic inhibition. Suppression of sensory perception under general anesthesia, therefore, may result in part from isoflurane's interaction with thalamic {gamma}-aminobutyric acid-A receptors.

Yi Zhang, Caroline Stabernack, James Sonner, Robert Dutton, and Edmond I Eger, II

Both Cerebral GABA_A Receptors and Spinal GABA_A Receptors Modulate the Capacity of Isoflurane to Produce Immobility
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1585-1589. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: In rats, cerebral {gamma}-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptors, in addition to spinal GABAA receptors, influence the immobilizing action of isoflurane but are probably not responsible for that action.

Yoshitaka Fujii, Takuo Hoshi, Aki Uemura, and Hidenori Toyooka

Dose-Response Characteristics of Midazolam for Reducing Diaphragmatic Contractility
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1590-1593. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: Midazolam is used as a sedative and anesthetic. It reduces, in a dose-dependent manner, the diaphragmatic contractility in dogs.

Gerhard Brodner, Hugo Van Aken, Lothar Hertle, Manfred Fobker, Arnold Von Eckardstein, Christiane Goeters, Hartmut Buerkle, Anne Harks, and Henrik Kehlet

Multimodal Perioperative Management—Combining Thoracic Epidural Analgesia, Forced Mobilization, and Oral Nutrition—Reduces Hormonal and Metabolic Stress and Improves Convalescence After Major Urologic Surgery
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1594-1600. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Implications: In patients undergoing radical cystectomy, a multimodal approach combining continuous epidural analgesia, enforced mobilization, and oral nutrition should be used to speed recovery after major urologic surgery.

SPECIAL ARTICLES:

Judith A. May, Herbert C. White, Ardis Leonard-White, David C. Warltier, and Paul S. Pagel

The Patient Recovering from Alcohol or Drug Addiction: Special Issues for the Anesthesiologist
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1601-1608. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

CASE REPORTS:

Eric R. Wohlfeil, Harvey J. Woehlck, Jerome L. Gottschall, and William Poole

Increased Carboxyhemoglobin from Hemolysis Mistaken as Intraoperative Desflurane Breakdown
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1609-1610. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Noriaki Kanaya, Masayasu Nakayama, Sumihiko Seki, Shin Kawana, Hiroaki Watanabe, and Akiyoshi Namiki

Two-Person Technique for Fiberscope-Aided Tracheal Intubation in a Patient with a Long and Narrow Retropharyngeal Air Space
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1611-1613. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Joseph Brimacombe, Christian Keller, and Alison Berry

Gastric Insufflation with the ProSeal Laryngeal Mask
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1614-1615. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR:

R. J. Chilvers, J. Bamber, Manuel C. Vallejo, and Sivam Ramanathan

Postdural Puncture Headache in Obstetric Patients • Response
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1616. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Jean-Yves Dupuis and Gilles Godet

Against the Discontinuation of Angiotensin II Antagonists Before Surgery • Response
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1616-1617. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Sameer Gupta, Baljit Singh, and Nisha Kachru

"Blocked" Epidural Catheter: Another Cause
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1617-1618. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Haruyuki Yuasa, Tomoaki Higashizawa, and Yoshihisa Koga

Spinal Anesthesia in Human T Lymphotropic Virus Type I-Associated Myelopathy
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1618. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Yushi U. Adachi and Hideyuki Higuchi

ContinuousInfusion of Prostaglandin E₁ and Epidural Analgesia fora Patient with Paroxysmal NocturnalHemoglobinuria
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1618. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Peter Roffey, Duraiyah Thangathurai, and Maged Mikhail

Anesthetic Concerns in Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Dissection for Testicular Cancer
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1618-1619. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

Michael S. Stix

Knees-to-Abdomen "Heimlich Maneuver" in a Morbidly Obese Patient
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1619. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

BOOK AND MULTIMEDIA REVIEWS:

John E. Tetzlaff and Ross MacPherson

Local and Regional Anaesthesia; From the Fundamentals of Anaesthesia and Acute Medicine Series • Current Issues in Anesthesiology; Volume 38, Number 4 of International Anesthesiology Clinics • Books and Multimedia Received
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1620. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

GUEST REVIEWERS LIST:

GUEST REVIEWERS LIST— October 1, 2000 through March 31, 2001
Anesth Analg 2001 92: 1621-1624. [Full Text] [PDF] [Request Permissions]  

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